届上海市奉贤区实验中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析.docx

届上海市奉贤区实验中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析.docx

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届上海市奉贤区实验中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析

2020届上海市奉贤区实验中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Shoppingcenters，stadiumsanduniversitiesmaysoonhaveanewtooltohelpfightcrime.

ACaliforniacompanycalledKnightscopesaysitsrobotscanpredictandpreventcrime.Knightscopesaysthegoalistoreducecrimebyhalfinareastherobotsguard.

WilliamSantanaLiisthechiefexecutiveofficerofKnightscope.Hesays，"Theserobotsecurityguardswillchangetheworld.Ourplanethasmorethansevenbillionpeopleonit.It'sgoingtoquicklygettoninebillionpeople.Thesecurityequipmentthatwehavegloballyisjustnotgoingtodevelopthatfast.Thecompany'sAutonomousDataMachinescanbecometheeyesandearsoflawenforcement（执法）."

"Youwantthemtobemachinesplushumans.Let.themachinesdotheheavyandsometimesdangerousworkandletthehumansdothestrategicdecision-makingwork，soit'salwaysworkingalltogether."

Themachinesdonotcarryweaponsbuttheyhavedayandnightvideocameraswhichareabletoturn360degreesandcanalsosensechemicalandbiologicalweapons.

Somepeoplemaybecomeconcernedabouttheirprivacy,especiallyinconnectionwiththevideorecordings.SomepeoplemayworrythatsuchrecordingswillappearontheInternet.EugeneVolokh,alawprofessorattheUCLASchoolofLaw,saysthemachineshavetobeusedintherightwayanditwillbeinterestingtoseehowstatelawsdealwiththiskindofvideo.

WilliamSantanaLisaysthereisalongwaitinglistfortherobotsintheUS.Workersinthecompanyareworkingovertimetomeetthedemandsofthemarket.Atleast25othercountriesarealsointerestedintheserobotsecurityguards.

1.Whatcanthisnewtooldoforhumans?

A.Makestrategicdecisions.

B.Keepwatchingdayandnight.

C.Carryheavyweapons.

D.Stopcrimeautonomously.

2.Whyaresomepeopleworriedaboutthenewrobots?

A.Theirprivacymaybeletout.

B.Therobotsareveryexpensive.

C.Robotswillreplacehumans.

D.Theywillbeoutofworksoon.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.RobotsAreBecomingMorePopular

B.RobotsContributeaLottotheWorld

C.RobotsAreinGreatDemandNow

D.SecurityRobotsCouldHelpCutCrime

B

Afteralmostanentireyearofnotgoingshoppingandvacationing,youfindthenumbersreflectedbyyourbankaccountmeetyourheart'sdesire.

Nowthemostimportantquestioncomes,whattodowiththeearnings?

Shouldyoufulfilldreamsofthepresent,investinpreservingthefutureorperhapskeepsavingitforarainyday?

Oureldersalwaystrytoteachusthevalueofmoneyanditsmoralweakness.Onemaybeonawinningstreak（连续成功）now，butitwillnotalwaysbeso.Onewillhavedayswhentherewillbenosunshinebutonlyrain.andtheirluckwillhidebehindthosethickgreyclouds.Saveforthoserainydays,theysay.Donotspendtoomuch,livewithinabudget,refrainfromcreditnomatterhowsmallandsaveforthefuture.

Sincetheveryfirsttimeweearnourownmoneyfromasummerjoborearningourfirstsalary,thelessonsstart.Infact,thepocketmoneythatwereceivewhenwearechildrenbeginstheprocessoflearninghowtobestmanageone'smoney.

Peopleoftenthinklikethis-onedaywhenIhaveenoughmoney,Iwilltraveltheworld.Then,oncewedoearnenoughmoney,tomorrow'splansstartshadowingourpresentones.However,isitwisetokeeplivingforthatfuture?

Willwestillenjoyorevenbeabletobackpackin-our50s?

Howwillweeverenjoyourpresentifweareconstantlylivingforthefuture?

Goodquestions,aren'tthey?

1saytravelbutdon'tletyourselfrundry,treatyourselftosomeluxuriesbutalsokeepenoughforyournecessities,andenjoyyourpresentbutwithaplanfortheforeseeablefuture.Lifeisfortheliving.soliveitsensibly.

4.Whydoeldersteachustosavemoney?

A.Becausetherearemorerainydaysinlife.

B.Becausenoonecanwinstreak.

C.Becausegooddaysmayend.

D.Becausemoneycan'tbuyeverything.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"“refrainfrom"meaninParagraph3?

A.selectfromB.holdbackC.relyonD.preferto

6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Weshouldenjoyourselvesattherighttime.

B.Weshouldwaittotraveluntilwehaveenoughmoney.

C.Weshouldliveforthefuturenomatterwhat.

D.Weshouldenjoyourselvestothefullestwhenwehavemoney.

7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Moneyissomethingbutnoteverything.

B.Oneshouldsaveforrainydays.

C.Liveinthemomentbeforeyouliveforthefuture.

D.Livethepresentwiselyforyourlife.

C

NASAhasflownanaircraftonanotherplanetforthefirsttime.OnMonday,April19,Ingenuity,a1.8-kilogramdrone（无人机）helicopter,tookofffromthesurfaceofMars,flewupaboutthreemeters,thenhoveredfor40secondsandtookphotosabovewithoneofitstwocameras.ThehistoricmomentwaslivestreamedonYouTube.“Wecannowsaythathumanbeingshaveflownadronehelicopteronanotherplanet,”saidMiMiAung,theIngenuityMarsHelicopterprojectmanageratNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory,atapressconference.“We,together,flewatMars,andwe,together,nowhaveourWrightbrothersmoment,”sheadded,referringtothefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarthin1903.

Thedetails:

Theflightwasasignificanttechnicalchallenge,thankstoMars'sbone-chillingtemperatures（nightscandropdownto-130°F/-90°C）anditsincrediblythinatmosphere—just1%thedensityofEarth's.ThatmeantIngenuityhadtobelight,withrotorblades（螺旋桨）thatwerebiggerandfasterthanwouldbeneededtoachieveliftoffonEarth（althoughthegravityonMars,whichisonlyaboutone-thirdofEarth's,workedinitsfavor）.TheflighthadoriginallybeenscheduledtotakeplaceonApril11butwasdelayedbysoftwareissues.

Whyit'ssignificant:

BeyondbeingasignificantmilestoneforMarsexploration,theflightwillalsopavethewayforengineerstothinkaboutnewwaystoexploreotherplanets.Futuredronehelicopterscouldhelpastronautsbyscopingoutlocations,exploringinaccessibleareas,andcapturingimages.IngenuitywillalsohelpinformthedesignofDragonfly,acar-sizedronethatNASAisplanningtosendtoSaturn'smoonTitanin2027.

What'snext:

Inthenextfewweeks,Ingenuitywillconductfourmoreflights,eachlastingupto90seconds.EachoneisdesignedtofurtherpushthelimitsofIngenuity'scapabilities.Ingenuityisonlydesignedtolastfor30Martiandays,andisexpectedtostopfunctioningaround

May4.ItsfinalrestingplacewillbeintheJezeroCraterasNASAmovesontothemainfocusofitsmission:

GettingthePerseverancerover（毅力号火星探测器）tostudyMarsforevidenceoflife.

8.WhydoesMiMiAungmentionWrightbrothers?

A.TohonorthehistoriccontributionofWrightbrothers.

B.TomakeacomparisonbetweenWrightbrothersandherself.

C.TohighlighttheimportanceofIngenuity'sMartianexploration.

D.ToremindthepublicofthefirstpoweredairplaneflightonEarth.

9.WhatcausedchallengesforIngenuitydesigners?

A.Thedelayofsoftwaretests.

B.TheforceofgravityonMars.

C.Mars'stemperaturesandatmosphere.

D.TechnicaldifficultyinliftoffonEarth.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“milestone”inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Agreatvictory.B.Adifficulttask.

C.Aroadsidestone.D.Ahistoricevent.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.MarsDroneHelicopterMakesHistoricFirstFlight

B.ModernWrightBrothersMoment:

MarsExploration

C.FirstDroneHelicopterSpotsEvidenceofLifeonMars

D.Ingenuity:

MarsDroneFliestoTakeIncrediblePictures

D

Over180teenagegirlsfromLixianCountyNo.1MiddleSchoolinLongnancity,Gansuprovince,listenedcarefullytoalectureaboutneuroscience（神经科学）.ItwasdeliveredbyadirectoroftheexperimentalsurgerydepartmentatTheSecondAffiliatedHospitaloftheAirForceMedicalUniversityinXi’an.

Thestudentsalsojoinedascienceclasstomakepaperrocketstolaunchintothesky.Aplasticbottlewasconnectedwithalongpipejoinedtotheendoftherocket,andstudentssteppedheavilyonthemiddleofthebottlesohardthattheairpressureshottherocketupward.

Theprogramstartedin2016asaone-weeksummercampinBeijingthatinvitedfemalestudentstotakesciencecoursesandtointeractwithwomeninscience.Itaimstostir（激发）aninterestinscienceandtechnologyamongfemalestudents.

“I’mexcitedtotaketheopportunitybecauseit’sbeenmybiggestwishtopopularizescienceamongstudents.Theycanbroadentheireyesandhopefullysomeofthemwilldevotethemselvestothefieldofneuroscience,”thedirectorsays.“It’snecessarytobringmoreoftheseactivitiesoncampus.I’mwillingtocommunicatewithteenagers,someofwhomaskdeepandthoughtfulquestionsthatIwouldneverthinkof.”

Thekeytosciencepopularizationistoimbue（灌输）otherswiththespiritofscience.Somescientificandtechnologicalworkershavedevotedthemselvestoajobinacertainfieldandtheyenjoythepleasureofscientificresearch.FemaleChinesescientificandtechnologicalworkerssometimeshavetodoubletheireffortstoreceivethesametreatmentorrecognitionasthosemalescientificworkers.However,afteryearsofcontinuedeffort,thesituationwillimprove,showingtheincreasingnumberoffemalescientistsinChina.

12.Whatisthepurposeoftheprogram?

A.Topraisetheeffortsofwomenscientists.

B.Tofindouthowmuchgirlslovescience.

C.Todevelopinterestinscienceamonggirls.

D.ToshowloveforstudentsinWesternChina.

13.Howdoesthedirectorthinkoftheprogram?

A.Important.B.Challenging.C.Confusing.D.Serious