中美教育差异(英文加强版).ppt
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中美教育差异中美教育差异EducationDifferencesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStatesdifferencesadministrativesystemA:
parallelfederalgovernment:
serveforeducationlikeofferingeducationalfinance,collectingeducationalinformationanddoingresearches.AuthorityabouteducationStategovernmentandeducationalcommitteeLocalgovernmentandschoolboard(学区教育委员会)Headmaster:
PrincipleaccountabilitysystemAdvantages:
stimulatethemotivationoflocaleducationDisadvantages:
noanoverallpoliticalplanandobjective,whichleadtoimbalanceC:
verticalcentralizededucationsystemAdvantages:
havingancommonplanwithauthority.Disadvantages:
localeducationhasnomotivationandautonomy.EducationalsystemA:
12yearscompulsoryeduction.Thesystemincludes70%publicschooland30%privateschool.C:
9yearscompulsoryeducation.Mostofourschoolarepublic.美国义务教育图片中美义务教育表格1.Philosophy2.Goal3.Intheclass4.Relationshipbetweenteacherandstudent5.Examinationsystem6.Classsize7.Schoolreportcard8.Textbook9.Extracurricularactivities10.Collegeentranceexamination11.Assessment12.HighereducationDifferencesEducationPhilosophyA:
selectivelearningC:
arrangedlearningEducationalgoalA:
CreativityC:
MasteroffundamentalknowledgeclassA:
freetodisagreewiththeteacherC:
willbecriticisedbytheteacheratmosttimesChinesestudents:
donotaskquestionseventhoughtheydonotknow,believethatsittinguprightistherespectforteachers,teachersoftenstandontheplatformandtheyhaveagreatdistancewithstudents,whichwillmakestudentsfeelteachersareinaprominentposition,afraidofthem.Americanstudents:
askquestionsactivelynomatterhowclevertheyare,sitindisordersothattheycancommunicatewiththeirteachersmoreconvenient,teachersoftenhavelessonsbelowthepodium,andtheywillapproachtheirstudentsandchatwiththematpleasuresothatstudentscangetonwellwiththeirteachersTeachingmethodsA:
students-orientedmethodTeachersdutyistomotivateanddirect.Studentshavefullfreedomtointerruptandquerytheirteachers.Advantages:
studentshavemoremotivationtofigureoutwhattheydonotunderstand.Theirinnovationandcapabilitiesofself-studyarecultivated.Disadvantages:
theirclassisnotformalenoughandthecontentissimple.Itisnogoodfortheirbasicknowledge.C:
teachers-orientedmethodTeachersdutyistogivestudentslargeamountofknowledgeandformalizetheirdailybehavior.Advantages:
thecontentisfocusontheory,andstudentscandevelopgoodbasis.Disadvantages:
studentsdowhattheyaretoldtodo.MostofChinesestudentshavenocapabilityofself-studyandqueryauthority.RelationshipbetweenTeacherandStudentA:
friendshipC:
teacher-studentrelationshipInChina:
arelationshipbetweentheelderandjunior,paternalisticrelationship,reportedlowerlevelsofabsoluteobediencefromthehigherlevelrelationships.Whenstudentsseeteachers,theywillfeelnervous,andthenbowtosayhello.IntheUnitedStates:
morelikefriends,likethekindofrelationshipbetweencolleaguescanbeclosetogether.Studentswillsmileandsayhellototeachersatpleasure.ExaminationsystemA:
aimatfindingoutshortageandthenmakeitupC:
aimatobsoletingandhighereducationAfterexamInChina:
teacherswillholdameetingwithparentsaftertheexamination,andtheywillmakethegradespublicinfrontofalltheparents,sometimesteacherswillcriticizethestudentswhohavepoorgrades.Theassessmentofteacheralsodependsonthestudenttransitionrate,excellentrates.Studentsgrowundersuchamechanismupto12years,itisobviousthattheirpsychologicalpressureisheavy.IntheUnitedStates:
Theschoolreportsareregardasprivacy.Teachersonlygiveparentstoseetheirownchildrensgrades,wholeclassresultswillnotbepublished.ClasssizeA:
small(Notmorethan30)C:
large(usually45orso)AttitudetowardsachievementA:
private,notpunished,paylessattentionC:
public,paymuchattentionTeachingmaterialsA:
easyandcomingfromlifeoperationalability,innovationabilityC:
fundamentalknowledgeineveryaspect(calculating,language,science,historyandsoon)ExtracurricularActivitiesA:
abundantactivitiesC:
fewactivitiesCollegeentranceexaminationA:
SAT(SAT,全称ScholasticAssessmentTest,中文名称为学术能力评估测试。
由美国大学委员会(CollegeBoard)主办,SAT成绩是世界各国高中生申请美国名校学习及奖学金的重要参考)C:
高考(NCEE,NationalCollegeEntranceExamination)AssessmentA:
testingstudentsoverallcapabilitiesliketheirpracticeandtheirinnovativeideasAnnualassessment:
identifywhereteachersstrengthsandweakness.EvaluateschoolandschooldistrictsA:
ProprietyStandards;UtilityStandards;FeasibilityStandards;AccuracyStandardAssessmentC:
takingexamstoteststudentsmemoryaboutwhattheystudiedgrade(threegood”student(goodinstudy,attitudeandhealth)enrolmentrate;proficiency;rankingHighereducationA:
Preandpost(collegeandschool(PREFESSIONALSCHOOLandACADEMICSCHOOL)C:
College(undergraduateandpostgraduate)MyopinionsEducationis