第一部分 选修八 Unit 2.docx

第一部分 选修八 Unit 2.docx

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第一部分选修八Unit2

阅读

词汇

请匹配下列单词与其词义

1．twin　　　　　　A．adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的

2．StraightforwardB．n.媒介；手段；工具

3．arbitraryC．adj.成对的；成双的

4．MediumD．n.面粉

5．flourE．adj.任意的

6．conservativeF．n.歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院

7．constitutionG．adj.必须做的；义务的

8．compulsoryH．n.合唱；合唱队

9．operaI．adj.保守的；守旧的

10．chorusJ．n.宪法；章程

答案　　1.C　2.A　3.E　4.B　5.D　6.I　7.J　8.G　9.F　10.H

高频

词汇

请根据汉语提示完成下列词块

1．obtainaprize得奖

2．attainthetopofamountain到达山顶

3．forbidsbtosmoke禁止某人吸烟

4．strikeheronthehead打在她头上

5．undertakeexperiments从事实验

6．owehimtendollars欠他10美元

7．botherwithtrifles为小事而烦恼

8．adorehimforhisnoblecharacter因他的高贵品质而敬重他

9．objecttotheproposal反对这个提议

10．moralstandards道德标准

11．avaingirl虚荣心强的女孩子

12．acomplicatedplan复杂的计划

13．beidenticalinappearance外表一模一样

14．ascientificbreakthrough一个科学上的重大突破

15．twomajordrawbacks两个重大缺陷

16．theschoolregulations校规

拓展

词汇

请填入括号内单词的正确形式

1．Hamburgerismentionedinparagraph2tostressthepopularity（popular）offastfoodwithAmericans.（2018·浙江6月卷）

2．Momnevercouldunderstandourobjections（object）．（2017·浙江11月卷）

3．Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly（short）．（2017·浙江6月卷）

4．Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable（reason）,soallofusdidn’tacceptit.

5．Don’tassumethatyouareaprincessandstoplivinginassumptionsanymore.（assume）

6．Thepurposeofeducationisnotonlytheaccumulation（accumulate）ofknowledgebutitalsomeansaccumulatingintelligenceaswellasabilities.

7．Nowadaysfewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofsmartphones,forsomanyinterestingthingsinthemmakeanyonetryingtoberesistanttothemfinallygiveuptheirresistance．（resist）

8．Fromtheappearance,wecannottellthedifferencebetweenthetwins,thoughtheyalwayshavesomedifferentideas.（differ）

必会短语

请根据汉语提示完成下列词块

1．pay__off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清

2．in__vain白费力气；枉费心机

3．from__time__to__time不时；偶尔

4．in__good/poor__condition状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）

5．object__tothechildrengoingwithus反对孩子们和我们一道去

6．in__favour__ofthispresentgovernment支持本届政府

7．be__bound__tolikeit一定喜欢它

8．bringmycatback__to__life让我的猫起死回生

9．becast__downbyasmallfailure因小失败而垂头丧气

10．striketerrorinto__his__heart使他心惊胆战

必仿佳句

1.[原句]ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.

2．[原句]ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.

3．[原句]Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie...

1．[仿写]接着传来了屠呦呦，一位中国女科学家，获得诺贝尔奖的令人兴奋的消息。

Then__came__the__exciting__news__thatTuYouyou,aChinesewomanscientist,wontheNobelPrize.

2．[仿写]我们被邀请去参加会议的消息令人鼓舞。

Thenewsthat__we__are__invited__to__the__conferenceisveryencouraging.

3．[仿写]微笑的优势在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。

Theadvantage/strengthofsmilingisthat__it__can__not__only__make__us__happy__but__also__please__others.

1.objectvi.反对；不赞成n．物体；目标

（1）objecttosb/sth　　　反对；不赞成某人/某事

objecttodoingsth反对做某事

（2）objectionn.反对；厌恶

have/makean/noobjectionto（doing）sth对……表示反对/不反对

单句语法填空/句型转换

①Thevillagersraisedanobjection（object）tobuildingachemicalplantbesidetheriver.

②Iwasopposedtopayingthatmuchformilk.

→Iobjected__to__payingthatmuchformilk.（object）

→Ihad/made__an__objection__to__payingthatmuchformilk.（objection）

[佳句背诵]Moststudentsobjecttobeingchargedforparkingonthecampus.

大多数学生反对在校园停车收费。

2.forbidvt.（forbade/forbad,forbidden）禁止；不准

forbidsbsth　　　　　　禁止某人某事

forbiddoingsth禁止做某事

forbidsbtodosth＝forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事

It’sforbiddentodosth做某事是禁止的

单句语法填空/句型转换

①Weshouldtakemeasurestoforbidreturning（return）illegalcookingoiltodinnertables.

②MyfatherbannedmefrommeetingmyfriendsonlineattheInternetcafé.

→Myfatherforbademe__to__meet/me__from__meetingmyfriendsonlineattheInternetcafé.

③Weareforbiddentoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.

→It’s__forbidden__for__us__to__playonthelawnbelongingtohim.

[佳句背诵]Everyoneisforbiddentosmokehere.

这里禁止吸烟。

[名师指津]forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbidsbtodosth形式，有类似用法的单词还有：

allow,permit,advise等。

3.owevt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于……；应感谢

（1）owesbsth（＝owesthtosb）欠某人某物

（2）owe...to...把……归功于……

oweittosbthat...多亏某人……

（3）owingto...因为；由于

单句语法填空/词汇升级

①MyEnglishteacherissuchagreatsoul,towhomIowemanythanks.

②Becauseofhisoptimismandperseverance,hewasadmittedintoBeijingUniversity.

→Owing______to__his__optimismandperseverance,hewasadmittedintoBeijingUniversity.

[佳句背诵]IoweittoyouthatIhavemadegreatprogressinmyEnglish.

我在英语上取得了很大进步，这要归功于你。

4.bothervt.打扰vi.操心n．烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人

（1）bothersbwith/aboutsth　为某事打扰或麻烦某人

botherdoing/todosth费心做某事

botheraboutsth为某事烦恼

Itbotherssbthat.../todosth使某人苦恼的是……

（2）havebother（in）doingsth费劲/有麻烦做某事

单句语法填空/词汇升级

①Hewon’tcome,sowhybotherinviting/to__invite（invite）him?

②Itbothersmetothinkofheraloneinthatbighouse.

③Didyouhavemuchtrouble/difficulty（in）findingthehouse?

→Didyouhave__much__bother__（in）__findingthehouse?

[佳句背诵]Thoughsheisveryconsiderate,Idon’twanttobotherherwithmyproblemsallthetime.

尽管她非常善解人意，但我也不想一直因为我的问题麻烦她。

5.undertakevt.（undertook,undertaken）着手；从事；承担

undertakeatask/responsibility　承担任务/责任

undertaketodosth同意、答应或着手做某事

undertakethat...保证……

单句语法填空/完成句子

①Heknewtheproblemwasseriousandundertookto__look（look）intoitimmediatelyhereachedtheoffice.

②I__can__undertake__that（我可以保证）youwillenjoytheplay.

[佳句背诵]Wemustactasquicklyaspossiblenow.Justtelluswhetheryoucanundertakethetaskornot.

现在我们必须尽快采取行动。

你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务吧。

6.resistvt.抵抗；对抗；抗拒；抵制；忍住

（1）resist（doing）sth　　　抵制（做）某事

can’t/couldn’tresistdoingsth＝can’thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事

（2）resistancen.抵抗，反抗

单句语法填空/词汇升级

①Themanresistedbeing__arrested（arrest）andheldoffthepoliceforanhour.

②Theboycouldn’thelpshowingoffhisbeingpraisedbytheteacheronarrivinghome.

→Theboycouldn’t__resist__showing______offhisbeingpraisedbytheteacheronarrivinghome.

7.payoff得到好结果；取得成功；偿清；（付清工资后）解雇

payback　　偿还（欠款）；报复；回报

payforsth付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价

[一词多义]写出下列句子中payoff的含义

①Didyourdaringplanpayoff？

取得成功

②Herdebtswerenotfullypaidoffuntillastyear.还清

③Whenthebuildingwascompleted，hepaidofftheworkers.（付清工资后）__解雇

④Hishardworkincollegepaidoffatlast.Hehasbecomeafamousscientist.得到回报

8.ingood/poorcondition状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏

（1）outofcondition　　　不健康；不能使用

（2）onconditionthat...在……条件下；倘若……

onnocondition一点也不；决不（放在句首时，用部分倒装语序）

单句语法填空/词汇升级

①Mygrandmothertakesexerciseeveryday,andsheisingoodconditionnow.

②Youmayusethiscomputer,aslongasyoucanuseitproperlysoasnottodamageit.

→Youmayusethiscomputer,on__condition__that______you__can__use__itproperlysoasnottodamageit.

[佳句背诵]Theteacheralwaysremindsus,“Onnoconditioncanwegiveupourdreams.”

老师总是告诫我们“在任何情况下我们都不能放弃我们的梦想”。

9.Thencamethedisturbingnewsthat__Dolly__had__become__seriously__ill.

接着传来了令人烦恼的消息——多莉得了重病。

引导同位语从句时，that仅起连接词的作用，无意义，不可省略

（1）常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有fact,news,idea,hope,truth,suggestion,thought,belief,possibility等

（2）同位语从句中表示“是否”用whether不用if

单句语法填空

①Thequestionwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasnotbeenansweredyet.

②Itwastruethatwhatshediddelightedeveryoneofus.

[佳句背诵]Theideathatyoucandothisworkwithoutthinkingiswrong.

你做这项工作不用动脑筋的想法是错误的。

[名师指津]that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句等。

Ⅰ.

阅读——教材VS高考之一

The①mediaareconstantlyexposingfoodsafetyproblems.Researchers,basedonthedata②attained,madea③conservativeassumptionthat70%ofthefoodconsumersarevictimsofharmfulfood.Therearesomepeoplewhocan’t④resistthetemptationofbecomingwealthy.Theyembark__uponillegalactivities⑤merelytoobtaincommercialbenefits,without⑥botheringtocareaboutotherpeople’ssafety.Ithink⑦compulsoryregulationsonfoodsafetymustbemadeandfoodproduction⑧proceduresmustbestrictlymonitored.Weshouldobjecttoany⑨arbitrarychangeoftheregulations,forbiddinganyoneto⑩accumulatewealthinanimmoralway.

1．写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义

①n.（pl.）__媒介；手段；工具　　　②vt.获得

③adj.保守的④vt.抵抗

⑤adv.仅；只；不过⑥vt.打扰；费心

⑦adj.必须做的；强制的⑧n.程序；步骤

⑨adj.任意的⑩vt.积累；聚积

2．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“embarkupon”？

A．Regulate.B．Undertake.

C．Assume.D．Hatch.

答案　B

Ⅱ.

完形——教材VS高考之二

Peoplediffergreatlyincloningtechnique.Somepeopleare__1__itsdevelopment,fortheybelieveitwillbe__2__tobenefitus.Oneoftheadvantagesofcloningisthatlargequantitiesof__3__foodcanbeproducedtomeetpeople’sneeds.Besides,wecanalsoclonehumanbodyorgansformedicaluse.Onthecontrary,othersstrongly__4__it,feelingcastdowntofindthatitcouldraiseastormof__5__questions.Inordertoforbidthetechnique,theydon’t__6__tolistasmanydisadvantagesaspossible.However,inmyopinion,cloningwillpayoffonconditionthatallundertaketouseitproperly.

1．A.infavourofB．owingto

C．invainD．onstrike

2．A.straightforwardB．arbitrary

C．complicatedD．bound

3．A.identicalB．initial

C．commercialD．resistant

4．A.bothertoB．objectto

C．payforD．bringback

5．A.moralB．twin

C．compulsoryD．exact

6．A.castB．bother

C．attainD．accumulate

答案　1.A　2.D　3.C　4.B　5.A　6.B

Ⅲ.

语法填空——教材VS高考之三

Afteraseriesofexperiments,thescientist’shardwork1.paid（pay）offwhenthetwincloneturkeyswerehatched.Thisbreakthroughpossiblyenabledpeopletobringtheiradoredpetsbacktolife.However,2.itbotheredhimfromtimetotimethattheirhealthwas3.inpoorconditionbecausetheywereunabletoresistillnesses.Merely2weekslater,theclonesdied,whichstruckfrustrationintohisheart.4.Shortly（short）afterwards,themediapublishedaconservativeargumentobjectingtocloning5.owing（owe）tomoralproblems,andsuggestedcompulsoryregulationsshouldbemade6.to__forbid（forbid）obtainingcommercialprofitsfrom