高考英语三大从句复习.docx
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高考英语三大从句复习
高考英语三大从句复习
一、专题详解
一、名词性从句 解题技巧
1.正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。
2.连接词的特点:
that没有意义,在从句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分;
whether, if 表“是否”,在从句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分;
what, which, how, where, when, whatever等,有各自的意义,在从句中担任成分。
3. that 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时不省略;有多个that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可省略;引导的宾语从句中含有从句时,也不省略。
4. 介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句,此时需要用it作形式宾语;某些动词enjoy, hate, have, like, love, appreciate, take也不能接that引导的宾语从句,此时需要用it作形式宾语。
如:
You may rely on it that he will come on time. 5. reason做主语时,表语从句只能用that引导。
6.doubt 在肯定句中其后的宾语从句常用whether, if 引导;doubt在否定和疑问句中其后的宾语从句常用that引导。
如:
There is some doubt ___whether_______ he will come tomorrow.
7. 与if相比较,whether 引导所有名词性从句,也可用于连接介词后的宾语从句,可以discuss, decide 后引导宾语从句,还可与or not 连用。
*考题检验
1. __________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
2. There is clear evidence ________ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.
3. World Aids day is also important in reminding us that HIV has not gone away, and _______ there are many things still to be done.
4. News came from the school office _________ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. 5. I was close to being killed the other day. A car passed me at ________ I thought was a dangerous speed.
6. There is no doubt _________ John will support you.
7. Could I speak to ________ is in charge of International Sales please?
8. We have offered her the job, but I don’t know _________ she will accept it.
9. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach ________ to read fast.
10. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ________ he never finish anything.
答案:
1,what 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. what 6.that 7. whoever 8. whether/if 9. how 10. why
二、定语从句 解题技巧
1. 正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。
2. 引导词的特点:
*关系代词:
which, that, who, whom, whose; 关系副词when, where, why 和that。
(略)
*that既指人又指物,先行词是everything, all等或有 the first, the most, the very 等修饰时都能用,所以一般情况下用that引导定语从句比较保险,但以下情况不能用,切记:
a. 在非限制性定语从句中(从句前面有逗号与主句隔开),用which或who, whom; b. 前面有介词时,用which 或whom;
c. 前面的先行词是anyone, those 时, 用who;
*as 和which 可以引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个句子(which有时也仅仅指代主句的一
个词和一部分)。
which引导的这种从句只能放在主句后,as 引导的这种从句可以放在主句前、后、或在中间插入。
另外,以下短语几乎成为固定搭配:
as is often the case, as is known to all, as is hoped, as is natural, as is reported, as has been said, as we know。
*当先行词为case, situation, condition, point 时, 且从句不缺少主要成分,用where引导;而
出现occasion常用when;
*比较:
a. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________ are boys.
b. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________boys.
c. There are 20 people in the bus and most of _______ are boys.
key:
whom/ them/them
* 比较:
a. ______ is known to us all, the earth goes around the sun.
b. ______ is known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun.
c. ______ is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.
Key:
As/ What/It
*比较:
a. He is one of the students who _____ (praise) by the teacher.
b. He is the only one of the students who ______(praise) by the teacher.
Key:
were praised/was praised
* 比较:
a. Rose is such a kind girl ______ will surely give others help if possible.
b. Rose is such a kind girl ______ she has won a high reputation in our class.
Key:
as/that
三、状语从句和连词 解题技巧
1. 熟悉状语从句的分类,熟悉每个连词的语义和语用特征,尤其是:
as, since的灵活运用;before, until, unless, while, as, if, in case 这些难以区分的词。
2. 区分常用的含时间状语的句型,如 It’s/It has been + 一段时间+ since…; It is/was +具体时间+ when…; It will be/was +一段时间+before…; It is/was + 时间状语+ that…
3. before sb. knew it (不知不觉) Before I could say a word(还来不及说什么) before long(不久以后)
4. be on the point of doing…when…; be about to do …when…; be doing … when…; had just done… when…
5. as 作连词可以表“因为”,“当…时候”,“照..那样”,“尽管”; 表“作为”时是一个介词。
6. No sooner… than…; Hardly … when…;
填入适当的连接词:
1.________I’munhappy,hecheersmeup.
2.Ifyouworkwithastrongwill,youwillovercomeanydifficulty,________greatitis.
3.Anewschoolwasbuilt________therehadbeenawasteland.
4.________you’vegotsuchagoldenchance,whynotmakethebestofit?
5.Awholemonthhadpassed_______shefullyrecovered.
6.Iwashavingdinner________Iheardaknockatthedoor.
7.Iheardaknockatthedoor_______Iwashavingdinner.
8.Hehadjustfinishedthebook________supperwasserved.
9.Iwon’ttellhimthecorrectanswereven_______Iknowit.Idon’tlikehim.
10.Hewastalkingas__________hekneweverythingaboutit.
11._________thedaywentby,theweathergotworse.
12.Ihadnosoonergoneintotheclassroom________thebellrang.
13.Rosesneedspecialcareso_________theycanlivethroughwinter.
14.Youwillsucceedintheend________yougiveuphalfway.
15.Tomdidn’tgotobed_________hismothercamebackfromwork.
参考答案
1.whenever2.however/nomatterhow3.where4.Since/Nowthat5.before6.when
7.when/while/as8.when9.if/whether10.if/whether11.As12.than13.that14,unless.
15.until
练习
A.状语从句:
1.----Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.
-----Thefirsttwoarefree________thethirdcosts$30.
A.WhileB.untilC.whenD.before
2.Youmayusetheroomasyoulike______youcleanitupafterwards.
A.sofarasB.solongasC.incaseD.evenif
3.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee_____itgotanybetter.
A.WhenB.howC.whyD.if
4.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
5.Shehadjustfinishedherhomework_________hermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.
A.whenB.whileC.afterD.since
6._____________thepolicethoughthewasthemostlikelyone,sincetheyhadnoexactproofaboutit.
A.AlthoughB.AslongasC.IfonlyD.Assoonas
7.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_____local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
8._______unemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.
A.BeforeB.WhereC.UnlessD.Until
9.Accordingtostatistics,amanismorethantwiceaslikelytodieofskincancer______awoman.
A.thanB.suchC.soD.as
10.Someofyoumayhavefinishedunitone.______,youcangoontounittwo.
A.IfyoumayB.IfyoudoC.IfnotD.Ifso
参考答案:
1-5ABDDA6-10ABBDD
B.名词性从句:
1.Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo____ittakestosaveherlife.
A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever
2.ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave______couldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriage—almostentirelyuptoluck.
A.asB.thatC.whichD.what
3.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists________theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though
4.CouldIspeakto___isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?
A.WhoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever
5.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_____shewasandwaitforhermother.
A.whereB.whatC.howD.who
6.Thehow-to-bookcanbeofhelpto_____wantstodothejob.
A.whoB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoever
7.Itisnotimmediatelyclear______thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.
A.sinceB.whatC.whenD.whether.
8.Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof_____hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how
9.Newscamefromtheschooloffice________WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
10.Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.
A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that
参考答案:
1-5 CDCCA 6-10 DDDCD
C.定语从句:
1.Manychildren,_________parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.
A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom
2.----Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?
----Ifounditfunandchallenging.Itisajob_____youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.can
3.Theway_____theguestsweretreatedinthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice.
A.HowB.whichC.whereD.\
4.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity______namewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.
A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
5.They’vewonthelastthreematches,_______Ifoundabitsurprisingactually.
A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which
6.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof________Ihadevermetbefore.
A.ThemB.whoC.whomD.these
7.Myfriendshowedmearoundthetown,_______wasverykindofhim.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
8.WheneverImether,_______wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
A,whoB.whichC.whenD.that
9.Guncontrolisasubject____Americanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
10.Mozart’sbirthplaceandthehouse______hecomposed“TheMagicFlute”arebothmuseumsnow.
A.whereB.whenC.thereD.which
参考答案:
1-5BADDD 6-10CABCA
D.综合训练
01Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,___fivearemine.
A.onwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich
02Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand____theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.
A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how/a
03Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant____youlike.
A.wheneverB.whereverC.WhateverD.however
04Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter____I’mtalkingto.
A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom
05Parentsaretaughttounderstand____importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.
A.thatB.howC.suchD.so
06Therearetwobuildings;____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.
A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich
07Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep____muchworkyouhavetodo.
A.howeverB.no