山东省菏泽市学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx

山东省菏泽市学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx

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山东省菏泽市学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

【全国市级联考】山东省菏泽市2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

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一、阅读选择

EasyHabitsThatHelpYouLiveLonger

♦Goforajog

Amongallthethingsyoucandotoachievelongevity,oneofthemostcriticalistoexercise.Aerobicactivity,likerunning,isimportantforgettingyourbloodpumpingandyourheartworking.Arecentstudyshowedthataone-hourrunaddssevenhourstoyourlife,uptofourhoursperweek.Peoplewhorunhavea25to40percentreducedriskofearlydeath,andliveaboutthreeyearslonger.

♦Getmoresun—butnottoomuch

The“Sunshinevitamin”-vitaminD,thatis-hasbeenshowntofightdisease,improvebonehealth,andavoiddepression.Onestudyevenfoundittoextendlifespanby33percent.ButbecausevitaminDcomesfromthesun,andourmodemlivesdon'tletusspendmuchtimeoutside,wemightnotbegettingenough.Getting15to30minutesofsunexposureadayshouldbeenoughforvitaminDproduction.

♦Eatmoreplantprotein

ArecentstudyfromHarvardfoundthatpeoplewhoateadiethighinprocessedmeatslikeham,wereatahigherriskofdeath—butthosewhogottheirproteinfromplantshadalowerrisk,especiallyofheartdisease-relateddeaths.Thestudysaidthatforeverythreepercentincreaseincaloriesfromplantproteintherewasareductioninriskofdeathby10percent.

♦Eatnuts

Althoughyoumaythinknutsareunhealthybecausetheyarecaloricallyhigh,theexactoppositeistrue—theycanactuallyextendyourlife.AstudyfromHarvardfoundthatdailynut-eaterswere20percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudy.Specifically,theratesofdeathfromheartandbreathingdiseasewerereduced.Otherresearchhasshownwalnutshaveahugeroleinhearthealthbecauseoftheamountofantioxidants（抗氧剂）theycontain.

1．Howlongcanyouextendyourlifeinaweekbyrunning?

A．1hour.B．4hours.

C．7hours.D．28hours.

2．Whatisspecialaboutpropersunshinecomparedwiththeotherthreetips?

A．Itlengthslife.

B．Itbenefitsbone.

C．Itfightsheartdiseases.

D．Itmakesbreathingsystemhealthy.

3．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelasttwotips?

A．Plantfoodisbetterthanmeat.

B．Heartdiseasecausesthemostdeaths.

C．Nutsareunhealthyfood.

D．Properdietsimprovehealth.

LastyearsheandIrescuedseveralhurtstreetbabydogsandwehadthehomelessmommadogvaccinated（接种疫苗）byalocalanimalrescuehereinMumbai,Indiawhereweliveasforeigners.Wehavebeenmeaningtogovolunteeratthesheltereversince.Iwasrecentlyfeelingthepushtoservemore,soIscheduledaSaturdayvisit.

Mydaughterhadsocialinvitesandwastorn,butshealsofeltthepushtovisitthesheltersoplannedtogojoinherfriendslaterintheday.Wepiledupoldblankets,sheetsandpillowstotakealonganddonate.Onarrivingandtouringwemet500dogsand200catsbeingcaredforatthisshelter.

Afterthetourweservedmealstothepuppiesinthesick/injuredpuppyward.Weheldandcomfortedthosewhowouldclearlysurvivetheirinjuriesandseveralwhoweresosickthatthevolunteervetonhandsaidtheyhada50/50chanceofbeingalivenextweek.Thenweledtwosick,abandonedyoungkittenswithaneyedropper.

WhilefeedingtheanimalsIwatchedtheworkerswhowerecleaningoutsomeofthedoghouseswithhealthydogswhowouldbereturnedtothestreets.Iwassotouchedbyhowoftentheystoppedintheirdutytopetandplaywiththesedogs.Themanyworkersandvolunteersarepaidnothingtosupporttheseanimalsandtheydoitwithsuchlove.

MydaughterandIstayedfor4-5hours,beyondthetimeshehadscheduledtomeetfriendsforlunch.Shechosetoskiphersocialdateandspendmoretimewiththeseanimalsdespitethetoughconditions.Tiredanddirty,wefeltblessedtosharesometimewithpeoplewhocaredeeplyforrelievingthesufferingofsomanyvulnerablebeings.

4．Whydidtheauthorplantopayavisittotheshelter?

A．Toapplytobeavolunteer.

B．Torescuehurtstreetbabydogs.

C．Totreathomelessmommadogs.

D．Todomoreworkforhomelessanimals.

5．Howwouldthehurtanimalsintheshelterend?

A．Notallofthemcouldkeepalive.

B．Theirlifewouldcometonormal.

C．Theywouldlivetherealltheirlife.

D．Theywouldbeadoptedbypeople.

6．Whywastheauthordeeplymovedwhilevolunteering?

A．Theanimalsledahappylifeintheshelter.

B．Somanyhealthyanimalswouldgotostreets.

C．Theworkersshoweddeeplovetotheanimals.

D．Theworkersarepaidlittletodotheirwork.

7．Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor’sdaughter?

A．Sheforgotherappointment.

B．Shemissedherappointment.

C．Shetriedtoavoidherappointment.

D．Shewaseagertoreturntocareforanimals.

RenownedBritishphysicistStephenHawkingdiedpeacefullyathishomeintheBritishuniversitycityofCambridgeinMarch14atage76.

Hawking,whose1988book“ABriefHistoryofTime”becameanunlikelyworldwidebestsellerandcemented（奠定）hissuperstarstatus,dedicatedhislifetounlockingthesecretsoftheUniverse.HeheldthepostofLucasianProfessorofMathematicsattheUniversityofCambridge,whichisapositionthatwasonceheldbySirIsaacNewton.

Bornin1942inOxford,wherehisparentsspentthefinalmonthsofpregnancytoavoidthebombingsofLondon,Hawkingwassaidtohavebeenagoodstudentalthoughitwasn’tuntilhewasinhis20sthathistruepotentialbegantoreallyshinethrough.HavinginitiallywantedtostudyMathematics,StephenHawkingchose,instead,toreadnaturalscienceswithemphasisonPhysics.

HavingfoundUniversitylifeboring,somuchsothathejoinedtheUniversityrowingteamtorelievetheboredom,itwasonlyfollowinganoralexaminationthathewasawardedafirstclassdegree.

WhileatCambridge,Hawkingwasdiagnosedwithamotorneurone（神经元）disease.Hewasinitiallygiventwotothreeyearstolive.Theillnessgraduallyrobbedhimofmobility,leavinghimconfinedtoawheelchair,almostcompletelyparalysedandunabletospeakexceptthroughhistrademarkvoicesynthesiser（合成器）.

StephenHawkingledanincredibleandwelldocumentedlife.HewasreferredtoinmanyTVprograms,films,andevensongs,andappearedashimselfinanumberofprogramsincludingRedDwarfandtheBigBangTheory.Hisgeniusandwitwonoverfansfromfarbeyondtheworldofastrophysics（天体物理学）,earningcomparisonswithAlbertEinsteinandSirIsaacNewton.

8．Whichofthefollowingistrueabout“ABriefHistoryofTime”?

A．Itisnotpopularwithcommonreaders.B．Itisaboutthesecretsoftheuniverse.

C．ItmainlydealswithMathematicalproblems.D．Itwasimpossibletobeabestseller.

9．WhydidHawkingjointheUniversityrowingteam?

A．Toimprovehishealth.B．Tomakehisuniversitylifelessboring.

C．Toimprovehisgradeinuniversity.D．Toreducetheeffectofhisdisease.

10．WhatdowelearnaboutStephenHawkingfromthelastparagraph?

A．Hedidn’tliketoappearinanyprograms.

B．Heisonlyrecognizedintheworldofastrophysics.

C．HeisnotasfamousasAlbertEinsteinandSirIsaacNewton.

D．Hewasmulti-talented.

11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．LifeandachievementsofStephenHawking.

B．ThedeathofStephenHawking.

C．EarlylifeofStephenHawking.

D．StephenHawkingandhiswork.

GardenpartiesareoneofthetraditionsthatbeganintheUnitedKingdomandFranceanumberofcenturiesago.BoththeBritishandFrenchversionshaverootsintheweekendgetawaysthatwereenjoyedbytheupperclasses.Intheafternoonsandevenings,thegroundsoftheestates（房产）wouldbesoftlylitwithcandlesandlanterns,foodpreparedandsetinlongbuffettablesfortheguests,andcomfortableseatingalwayswithinreach.

Peopletendedtodressupforthesetypesofoutdoorevents,whichmadethemquiteafestiveoccasion.Stringbandsoftenprovidedagracefulmelodythatservedasoneofthewaysthattheeleganttoneoftheoccasionwassetandmaintained.

Today,theconceptlivesonaroundtheworld.Nolongerjustaneventforthewelltodo,thegardenpartyisaweekendgatheringinmanyneighborhoods.Neighborsareinvitedtocomeenjoytheoutdoorsbyattendingacookout,completewithplentyofgrilledfood,lotsofseating,andusuallyplentytodrink.Itisnotunusualforafewsimplegamestobeavailableaswell,dependingonthesizeofthespace.Musicdoesnotnecessarilyhavetobeprovidedbyalivebandanymore,althoughsomepeoplepreferthechatterandlaughterofpeopleenjoyingthemselvestoanytypeofmusicalaccompaniment.

Themodernversioncanbeveryfreeform,oruseaspecialoccasionorthemeasthebasisfortheevent.Forexample,abirthdayisagreatreasontothrowthistypeofparty.Majorpatrioticholidaysoftenprovidethetheme,withthedecorationsrevolvingaroundthenationalcolorsandothersymbols.Funtimes,suchasValentine’sDayorandEasteregghunt,canalsobethereasonforputtingtogetheraparty.Aslongastheeventtakesplaceoutdoors,haspeopletointeract,andincludesfoodanddrink,theeventiscomplete.

12．Whydidtheupperclassesholdgardenpartiescenturiesago?

A．Toentertainthemselves.

B．Togetawayfromhome.

C．Toshowofftheirestates.

D．Toknowotherupperclasspeople.

13．Whatdoweknowaboutgardenpartiesthatareheldtoday?

A．Theyarestillheldmainlyfortherich.

B．Theyhaveverydifferentconceptsnow.

C．Theyalwayshavelivebandperformances.

D．Theycanbeenjoyedbycommonpeople.

14．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A．Gardenpartieshavebecomeinformaltoday.

B．Gardenpartieshavevariousthemestoday.

C．Gardenpartiesareusuallyheldonbirthdays.

D．Gardenpartiesarenotalwaysheldoutdoors.

15．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitlefo