高二英语直接引语和间接引语知识精讲 试题.docx

高二英语直接引语和间接引语知识精讲 试题.docx

《高二英语直接引语和间接引语知识精讲 试题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高二英语直接引语和间接引语知识精讲 试题.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高二英语直接引语和间接引语知识精讲试题

高二英语（yīnɡyǔ）直接（zhíjiē）引语和间接引语北师大版

【本讲教育（jiàoyù）信息】

一.教学内容：

直接（zhíjiē）引语和间接引语

完全按照原句或者原段逐字引述,被引述的局部叫做直接引语。

间接引语是用引述人的语言把被引述的原话内容转述出来。

引述时，原话中的人称代词、物主代词、动词时态以及指示代词、时间是状语和地点状语等都要有相应的变化。

〔一〕人称代词和物主代词的转变

一般来说，间接引语的主述人是第三者向其别人转述，因此由直接引语变成间接引语时，人称代词和物主代词有下面的转变：

直接引语间接引语

Ihe/she

Mehim/her

wethey

usthem

youhe/she/they/him/her/them

myhis/her

minehis/hers

ourtheir

ourstheirs

yourhis/their

yourshis/theirs

例如（lìrú）：

Hesaid,“Ihavelostmyumbrella.〞

Hesaidthathehadlosthisumbrella.

Shesaid,“Thebookonthetableismine.〞

Shesaidthebookonthetablewashers.

但是，假如引述人不同（bùtónɡ）或者详细情况不同，人称代词和物主代词的转变也随之不同。

“Iknow,〞saidCrawley,“butIlovetohearyousayit.〞

1.Crawleyansweredthatheknew,buthelovedtohearmesayit.

2.I（Crawley）answeredthatIknewbutIlovedtohearhim/hersayit.

3.第三者转述（zhuǎnshù）

a.第三者转告（zhuǎnɡào）其别人

Crawleyansweredthatheknewbuthelovedtohearhim/hersayit.

b.第三者提醒听话者

Crawleyansweredthatheknewbuthelovedtohearyousayit.

c.第三者复述给说话者

You（Crawley）answeredthatyouknew,butyoulovedtohearhim/hersayit.

〔二〕时态的转变

1.主句的时态是过去时，直接引语的谓语动词按照时态一致的原那么，在变成间接引语时做如下的变化：

直接引语间接引语

如今一般时态过去一般时态

过去一般时态（shítài）过去完成时态

将来一般时态（shítài）过去一般将来时态

如今进展（jìnzhǎn）时态过去进展时态

过去进展时态（shítài）过去完成进展时态

将来进展时态过去将来进展时态

如今完成时态过去完成时态

过去完成时态过去完成时态

将来完成时态过去将来完成时态

如今完成进展时态过去完成进展时态

过去完成进展时态过去完成进展时态

将来完成进展时态过去将来完成进展时态

例如

“Iamafraidthatargumentsdon’tmakeadifference..〞saidhewithasmile.

Hesaidwithasmilethathewasafraidthatargumentsdidn’tmakeadifference.

Sohesaidtome,“Youdon’tknowwhatyouaretalkingabout.〞

SohesaidtomeIdidn’tknowwhatIwastalkingabout.

“Ididnotsupposethatyouhaddoneitonpurpose.〞shesaid.

Shesaidthatshehadnotsupposedthathehaddoneitonpurpose.

“Ihavewonthematchalready.〞claimedmyfriend.

Myfriendclaimedthathehadwonthematchalready.

Isaid，“Ishallbethere.〞

IsaidIshouldbethere.

2.主句谓语动词虽然是过去（guòqù）时，但在下面情况中间接引语的谓语动词时态不变。

a.间接引语陈述的事实不受时间（shíjiān）是限制，或者者表示的是习惯行为。

Thestudentsrecited,“TheMississipiisthelongestriverinUS.〞

ThestudentsrecitedtheMississipiisthelongestriverinUS.

MrsSmithsaidtothestudents,“IreadforhalfanhourbeforeIgotobedeverynight.〞

MrsSmithtoldthestudentsthatshereadsforhalfanhourbeforeshegoestobedeverynight.

b.直接引语的谓语动词是一般过去时态，假如带表示确定（quèdìng）的过去时间是状语或者时间是状语从句，变成间接引语时，谓语动词可用一般过去时态。

Thearticlewrote,“In1801,Napoleon’stroopsinEgyptgaveintotheBritishcommand.〞

Thearticlewrotein1801,Napoleon’stroopsinEgyptgaveintotheBritishcommand.

“WhenIwasyoungandmademistakes,〞shesaid,“theforemanbeatme;whenIgrewup,hedidnotbutfinedme.〞

Shesaidthatwhenshewasyoungandmademistakes,theforemanbeather;whenshegrewup,hedidnotbutfinedher.

〔三〕指示代词、时间是状语和地点（dìdiǎn）状语的转变

直接引语间接引语

thisthat

thesethose

nowthen/atthatmoment

agobefore

todaythatday

tomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday

yesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousday

lastweek/monththeweek/monthbefore

nextweek/monththenext/followingweek/month

herethere

例如（lìrú）：

Hesaid,“Iwantthisone.〞

Hesaidhewantedthatone.

Shesaid,“Shecan’tsettleanythingnow.〞

Shesaidthatshecouldn’tsettleanythingthen.

Bobsaid,“Somestudentsinvitedmetoteaafewdaysago.〞

Bobsaidthatsomestudentshadinvitedhimtoteaafewdaysbefore.

“Iwillmarryyoutomorrow.〞shepromised.

Shepromisedthatshewouldmarrymethenextday.

“Itoldyouyesterdayandthedaybeforeyesterday.〞heshoutedatme.

Heshoutedatmethathehadtoldmethedaybeforeandtwodaysbefore.

〔四〕直接引语（yǐnyǔ）转变成间接引语时要注意的几个问题

1、当直接引语是一般疑问句时，转换成间接引语时使用whether来引导，间接引语的语序（yǔxù）要恢复陈述句的语序，同时注意人称代词以及时间是和地点状语的转换。

例如（lìrú）：

Sheasked,“Isyourfatherthemanwhoisinblack?

〞

Sheaskedwhetheryourfatherwasthemanwhowasinblack.

Tomasked,“WilltheyhelpmeifIturntothem?

〞

Tomaskedwhethertheywouldhelphimifheturnedtothem.

2、当直接引语（yǐnyǔ）是特殊疑问句时，仍然使用特殊疑问词来引导，间接引语的语序恢复陈述句的语序，同时注意人称代词以及时间是和地点状语的转换。

例如（lìrú）：

Maryaskedme,“Whenwillyoustartyourpartytonight?

〞

MaryaskedmewhenIwouldstartmypartythisnight.

Theywondered,“Whowillbeinchargeofthecompanyifthemanagerquitsoffice?

〞

Theywonderedwhowouldbeinchargeofthecompanyifthemanagerquittedoffice.

3、当直接引语是祈使句时我们习惯于使用表示命令和恳求的动词进展转换。

例如：

Theysaid,“Don’ttouchthestonebecauseitiseasytofall.〞

Theytoldmenottotouchthestonebecauseitwaseasytofall.

Theyordered,“Everyoneshouldkeepquiet.〞

Theyorderedeveryonetokeepquiet.

Hesaidtome,“Wouldyoupleasehelpmewithmycase?

〞

Heaskedmetohelphimwithhiscase.

【模拟（mónǐ）试题】〔答题时间（shíjiān）是：

20分钟〕

一.将下面的直接（zhíjiē）引语转换成间接引语。

1.“I’ddomaths,Jo,ifIwereyou.〞MsJenningsadvised.

2.“Takeaphotoofthebank.〞Thejournalistorderedthephotographer.

3.“JohnandLaura,dothemoredifficultexercises.〞Theteachersaid.

4.“Givethevideotoyoursister,please.〞Peterasked.

5.“Don’ttellyourgrandmotheryet.〞Thedoctoradvised.

6.“It’saninterestingjob.〞Jimsaid.

7.“Wherearewegoing?

〞AskedPeter’sfriend.

8.“Ireallycan’tanswerthisquestion.〞RepliedMr.Jones.

9.Heasked,“Doyouknowwhowillwinthegame?

〞

10.Shewondered,“Whoisitthatsolvedthistoughproblem?

〞

11.Hesaid,“Ididn’tnoticeherwhenshecameintomyroomyesterday.〞

12.Heclaimed,“IadmitEdisonisoneofthegreatestinventorsintheworld.〞

二.根据提示完成（wánchéng）下面的句子。

1.汤姆问莎莉能否接收这件事情。

TomaskedSally_____________.

2.我们要确定王东是否编造了这个故事。

Wehadtomakesure__________________.

3.会议组织者说由于时间是关系就不再详细解释这件事情了。

Theorganizerofthemeetingsaid________________.

4.小李决定尽一切努力（nǔlì）赶上班里的其他同学。

XiaoLidetermined_______________.

5.老板（lǎobǎn）说：

“我们必须准备第二套方案（fāngàn），以防第一套方案失败。

〞

Ourbosssaid________________.

试题答案

一、1.MsJenningsadvisedthatshe’ddomathsifshewereJo.

2.Thejournalistorderedthephotographertotakeaphotoofthebank.

3.TheteachertoldJohnandLauratodothemoredifficultexercises.

4.Peteraskedmetogivethevideotomysister.

5.Thedoctoradvisedusnottotellourgrandmother.

6.Jimsaiditwasaninterestingjob.

7.Peter’sfriendaskedwheretheyweregoing.

8.Mr.Jonesrepliedhereallycouldn’tanswerthatquestion.

9.Heaskedif/whetherIknewwhowouldwinthegame.

10.Shewonderedwhoitwasthathadsolvedthattoughproblem.

11.Hesaidthathedidn’tnoticeherwhenshecameintohisroomthedaybefore.

12.HeclaimedthatheadmittedEdisonisoneofthegreatestinventorsintheworld.

二、1.TomaskedSallyif/whethershecouldtakeoverthatcase.

2.Wehadtomakesureif/whetherWangDonghadmadeupthestory.

3.Theorganizerofthemeetingsaidhewouldn’texplainthematteragainbecauseofthetime.

4.XiaoLideterminedthathewouldtryhisbesttocatchupwithhisclassmates.

5.Ourbosssaidthattheyhadtoprepareforasecondplanincasethefirstonefailed.

内容总结

（1）高二英语直接引语和间接引语北师大版

【本讲教育信息】

一.教学内容：

直接引语和间接引语

完全按照原句或者原段逐字引述,被引述的局部叫做直接引语