欧盟农产品进出口政策解读Interpretation of EU agricultural products import and export policy.docx

欧盟农产品进出口政策解读Interpretation of EU agricultural products import and export policy.docx

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欧盟农产品进出口政策解读InterpretationofEUagriculturalproductsimportandexportpolicy

欧盟农产品进出口政策解读（InterpretationofEUagriculturalproductsimportandexportpolicy）

欧盟农产品进出口政策解读（InterpretationofEUagricultural

productsimportandexportpolicy）

InterpretationofEUagriculturalproductsimportandexportpolicy

Articlesource:

ChinaCountyEconomicNews

Editor'snote:

Inrecentyears,China'sagriculturalexportscontinuedtogrow.In2005,exportsofagriculturalproductsreached27billion200millionUSdollars,rankingfifthintheworld.However,theinternationalagriculturalproductsmarketischangingrapidly.Multilateralagriculturaltraderulesandagriculturaltradepoliciesofvariouscountriesareconstantlybeingadjusted,andimportinspectionandquarantinerequirementsandtechnicalbarrierstotradecontinuetoincrease.

Atpresent,China'sagriculturalproductsexportenterprisesnearly1.8million,theannualexportamountofmorethan$10millioninlessthan500years,whileexportslessthan$1millioninsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesmorethan1,accountedformorethan70%ofallexportenterprises.Theseenterprisesespeciallysmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesofcountyagriculturalproductexportmarketentrytimeisshort,smallscale,weakantiriskability,poorinformationchannels,thespecialneedsofgovernmentdepartmentstoprovideagriculturalproductsexportpolicyandmarketinformation.

InordertohelpChina'sagriculturalproductsexportenterprisesquicklyandaccuratelygrasptheinternationalagriculturalproductmarketinformation,helpenterprisestodevelopagriculturalproductsexportmarket,fromthedatewehavepublishedforeignagriculturalproductsimportandexportpolicyandinformation.

Agriculturalproduction

TheEuropeanUnionisrichinlandresources,andfoodproductioncanbeself-sufficient.In2005,theEuropeanUnion'sagriculturalandfisheryoutputaccountedforonly2.5%ofGDP,buttheEUremainsamajorfoodexportareaandtheworld'slargestfoodimporter.

25ofthecountry'simportsoffoodandagriculturalproductsaccountedfor6.4%ofallimports,andexportsoffoodandagriculturalproductsaccountedfor6.5%ofallexports,roughlythesameasimportsandexports.However,thetotalimportvolumeofthe25countriesintheEUwaslargerthanthatofexports,andthetradedeficitin2003was2billion159millioneuros.

TheEuropeanUnion'sagriculturalproductionisdiverse,producingthemainagriculturalproducts,includinglivestock,grainsanddairyproducts,whichaccountfornearlyhalfoftheEU'sagriculturaloutputvalue（three）.Inaddition,otherimportantagriculturalproductsarewine（thelargestwineproducingregionintheworld）,freshvegetablesandfruits,eggsandpoultry.ThecropplantingoccupiesanimportantpositionintheEuropeanUnion,whichcontainsawiderange,

mainlyreferstosomeimportantannualcrops,includingwheat,barley,rye,corn,rapeseed,sunflower,peas,etc..Fieldcropsaccountfor40%oftheEUfarmingarea.Since1992,thecropwasincludedintheEUareasupportsystembasedon,italsoappliestofarmlandland"Fallow"measuresoncropsupportisthelargestone,sotheEUbudget,thegreatestimpactistheEUcommonagriculturalpolicyreform.TheEU'sinternalpriceofgrainproductsishigherthantheworldprice,resultingintheEUtoprovidealargeamountofexportsubsidiesforcerealproducts.

Inrecentyears,organicagriculturehasdevelopedveryrapidlyintheEuropeanunion.Intheearly80softhelastcentury,theorganicfoodmarketintheEuropeanUnionbegantodevelopasaresultofgrowingconsumerconcernabouthealthandnutritionandthegrowingawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.Atpresent,theEUhasbecometheworld'slargestconsumermarketfororganicfood.

Ruraldevelopmentpolicy

RuraldevelopmentisabigpartofthecommonagriculturalpolicyoftheEuropeanunion.PartoftheEUbudgetincreaseisalsomainlyforruraldevelopment.AftertheenlargementoftheEuropeanUnion,morethanhalfofthepopulationliveinruralareas,whiletheruralareascover90%oftheEUregion,whichmakesruraldevelopmentanimportantpolicyoftheeu.Atpresent,theEU'sagriculturalpolicyhasshiftedfromsupportingagriculturalproductiontodirectpaymenttoproducers,facingthesustainabledevelopmentofagriculture.Dedicatedtofoodsafety,foodquality,productdiversity,

animalwelfare,goodenvironment,andnaturalandrurallandscapes.

EUagriculturaldomesticsupportpolicy

ThecommonagriculturalpolicyoftheEuropeanUnionisimplementedthroughthecommonmarketorganization,theproductcommonpricesystem,theEuropeanagriculturalguidanceandassurancefundEAGGF.Specifically,istheunityofagriculturalproductmarketandprice,toestablishthecommonagriculturalfunds,subsidiesforagriculturalexports;foreignisadjustedwiththechangeofthemarketsupplypricetaxes,quotasandothertradebarriers,theEUagriculturefromexternalcompetitionofcheapagriculturalproducts.Thesemechanisms,ontheonehand,provideastrongguaranteefortheimplementationofthecommonagriculturalpolicyoftheEuropeanUnion,aswellasahighdegreeofprotection.

Tradeinagriculturalproducts

TheEUusesexportsubsidiestosupportitsexportsofagriculturalproducts.Thenumberofsubsidiesfellfrom55%ofagriculturalexportsin1992to5.2%in2001.Inabsoluteterms,itfellfrom10billioneurosto2billion800millioneuros.IntheDoharoundofagriculturalnegotiations,theEuropeanUnionandmostoftheWTOmemberspromisedtoscrapanyformofexportsubsidies.However,

TheexportsubsidiesstillusedbytheEuropeanUnionhavehadanimpactontrade.

InordertohelpEUexportenterprisesoccupythe"thirdcountry"market,andprovidemoreguaranteeforpolicies,informationservicesandfundstoconsolidateandexpandtheshareoftheEuropeanUnion'sagriculturalproductsintheinternationalmarket.InJanuary1999,theEuropeanCommissionformallyproposedtotheEUCouncilofagriculturalproductstradepromotionprojectproposals,recommendedthedevelopmentofEUwidecoordinatedtradepromotionpolicy,promotetheexportofagriculturalproducts,toprovideinformationservicesforexportenterprisesandcarryoutvariousbusinessactivitiestoprovideeachyearisabout15millioneurosoffundssupport.

InSeptember24,2004,theEuropeanUnionapprovedthefirstbatchof8overseaspromotionprojectsthisyear.In2004theprojectrelatestothe"thirdcountry"targetmarketsweretheUnitedStates,Canada,Japan,Russia,China,Australiaandother6countriesorregions;theproductsareWine,fruitsandvegetables,oliveoil,potatoandMediterraneanspecialtyproducts;thetotalprojectbudgetof10million90thousandeuros,theEUfunds5million30thousandeuros.

Importmanagementpolicy

Importprocedure

Althoughthe25memberstatesoftheEuropeanUnionhaveappliedtheuniformcustomscodeanditsimplementingregulations,therelevantcustomsandtarifflawsintheEuropeanUnionhavegrantedfreediscretiontothecustomsauthoritiesoftheEuropeanUnionmembercountries.Thisresultedindisunityin

customsmanagementamongmemberstates.Firstofall,theEuropeanUnioncustomsmemberoftheproductclassificationandvaluation,aswellasclassificationandvaluationproceduresinconsistent,includingtheinformationprovidedtotheimporterinconsistent.Second,theproceduresfortheimportandexportofgoodsareinconsistent.Forexample,someEUMemberStatestouseautomaticimportandexportgoodsprogram,somedonotuse,dependingonthecertificateoforiginrequirementsontheimplementationofdifferentinspectionstandards;thefoodimportlicensingrequirementsdoesnothandleexpressshipmentshuntproceduresarealsodifferent.Theprocedureforfinesandfinesforviolationofcustomsrulesisdifferent.

Tariffmanagementmeasures

TheEuropeanUnionimplementsacommontariffsystem,andimplementsuniformtariffratesandmanagementsystems.CounciloftheEuropeanUnion,Council

RuleRegulaton2913/92providesthatimportdutiesaredeterminedbythetariffclassificationandvalueofthegoods.MemberStatesimplementacustomsunionwithintheEuropeanUnion,i.e.,goodsimportedfromthirdparties,andimposeauniformtariffwithintheEuropeanunion.Onceacertainimportisclearedinamembercountry,itcanflowfreelywithintheEuropeanunion.

Themostoftheproductissuitableforadvaloremtax,onthepartofagriculturalproductsforcompositetax,mixedtaxorothertechnicaldutiesofnonadvaloremtax.Avarietyof

technicaltariffs,includingseasonaltariffs,aresetupforsomeagriculturalproducts.In2005,thetaxrateislowerthan10%oftheproductsaccountedfor79%ofthetotal,thezerotariffproductsaccountedfor27%ofthetotal,theenlargementoftheEuropeanUnion,inadditiontoHungaryandMaltatofollowthetransitionalarrangements,othernewmembersfromthedateofaccessiontoimplementaunifiedexternaltariff,onthewhole,theaveragetarifflevelof10newmembersaccordingtothevolumeoftradeweightedfrom9%to4%.

1.tariffpeak.In2005,theEuropeanUnionstillmaintainedtariffpeaksonimportsofmeat,vegetables,fruits,vegetableoil,food,beverages,tobacco,textilesandsoon.Inadditiontotobaccoandcigaretteadvaloremtaxratewasashighas74.9%and57.6%,manyofthenonadvaloremtaxmeanshightariffsstillexistintheseproducts.China'sexportstotheEUofvegetables,fruits,fish,food,tobaccoandotheragriculturalproductsbelongtotheEUtariffpeakrangeofproductsinvolved.

2.seasonaltariff.In2005,theEuro