专业学位硕士研究生英语教程03.docx

专业学位硕士研究生英语教程03.docx

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专业学位硕士研究生英语教程03

专业学位硕士研究生英语教程03

　　　　　　　　Unit3　　LanguageLearning　　　　Preview　　ThefuturelooksasthoughchildrenwillhavetospeakatleastoneotherlanguagethanEnglishintheiradultlifetime.ThesecondmostwidelyusedlanguageintheworldisChinese.LearningMandarintodayorteachingchildrentobebilingualfortomorrowisbecomingoneofthebestdecisionsAmericanparentscouldmake.ItisinthebestinterestsofAmericanstohavecompleteunderstandingandaworkingknowledgeoftheChineselanguageinordertokeepfocus,improvecommunications.Thefuturewilladdressmoreblendingofculturesandtheneedforsensitivityinadiverseworldeconomy.　　PartITextReadingWarm-up　　I.WhylearnChinese?

　　Justafewyearsago,mostwesternersmightnothavebeenthinkingverymuchaboutChina.However,thesedays,withChina’sboomingeconomy,theneedtointeractwithChinaisapparent.Moreandmorewesternersmaybewondering,\IbelearningChinese?

\Theanswerisaresounding\　　WhyaresomanypeopleinterestedinChinaandlearningitslanguage?

Pleasediscussmorereasonsbesidesthosementionedabovewithyourpartner.Thefollowingtipsmaybeusefulforyourdiscussion.　　1.Chinacurrentlyboastingthefastestgrowingeconomyintheworld2.followingwhatothersaredoing3.tostaycompetitive4.globalsupplychains　　5.tobeasmartbusinessmove　　6.theChinesemarketbeingthelargestconsumermarketintheworld7.forseekingabettercareer　　8.Chinesebeingspokenbyoverbillionpeople9.Chinabeingtheworldmanufacturingfactory10.traditionalChinesecultureandlonghistory　　II.PleasegivesomereasonstoillustratethenationwideEnglishlearninginChina,andmakecomparisontothegrowingpopularityofChineselearningabroad.Text　　EastMeetsWestinSchools　　EdwardB.Fiske　　　　[1]ParisBuedelisatypicalAmerican8-year-old（boy）whoisintobasketball,pianolessonsandLego1.And,ohyes,hespendshalfofeachschooldayspeakingMandarin（spendtime/moneydoingsth.）.　　[2]Parisisenrolledina\　　　　1　　　　Schoolhereinwhichthepupils--halfnativeChinese,halfEnglishspeakers--dotheirlessonsintwolanguages（bilingually）.Theprogramisindicativeof（=shows）oneofthefastest-growingcurriculumtrendsinschools:

thestudy（n.）ofChinese.　　[3]‘AmericansareusedtohearingaboutpeopleinothercountrieslearningEnglish.Nowwe’reseeingtheoppositetrend,\saidMichaelLevine,executivedirectoroftheAsiaSociety2,whichpromotes（encourages）internationalcontent（n./a.内容）inschools.\andstudentsaredecidingthat,sincemorepeoplespeakMandarin（Chinese）thananyotherlanguage,itmightbeausefulskilltohave.\　　[4]\appreciate（=enjoy/understand）theimportanceofChinainthe（globe->）globaleconomyandthenotionthatourson’sknowingChinese（knowledgeaboutChina）maygivehimalegup（helphimagreatdeal）laterinlife,\（Iam）readingthenewspaperswecanpointtoarticlesaboutChina,culturally,politicallyandeconomically.China（=China’sinfluence）iseverywhere.\　　[5]Because（of）interestinChineselanguageandculturehastakenoff（started/begun）inthepastfewyears,accuratestatisticsarehardtocomeby（get）.A2002study（research）atPrincetonUniversity3put（estimated）thenumberat24,000studentsinGrades7to12,but,accordingtoLevine,thecurrent（present）figure（number）iscertainlymuchlarger.　　[6]Thisautumn（fall）theCollegeBoard4initiated（launch/started）anewadvanced（高年级的）placement（streaming）curriculumandexaminChineselanguageandliterature.ThomasMatts,whosupervisestheprogram,estimatedthatpossiblyasmanyas300secondaryschoolswerealreadyinapositionto（beready/willingto）offer（provide）theprogram（courses）.\haven’tseensuchinterest（enthusiasm）inaparticular（specific）subjectsincetheSovietUnion5launchedSputnik6andpeoplegot（became）interestedinRussianandphysics,\　　[7]RosemaryFeal,executivedirectoroftheModernLanguageAssociation7,reportedthatthenumberofstudentsintwo-andfour-yearcollegecoursesstudyingChinese（rise->）rose（=increased）by20percentbetween1998and2002,toslightlymorethan33,000.\既然）thepipelineisactiveatthehighschoollevel,weexpectmanymorestudentstobeenrollinginadvanced（higher高级的）courses,\nowunderwaywillshowfurtherincreasesof25to50percent.　　[8]Themostambitiousprogram（project）canbefoundinChicago,wheremorethan5,000students,virtually（actually/infact）allofthemnativeEnglishspeakers,arestudyingChinesein17elementaryand10highschools（juniorhighschool/seniorhigh~）.Theprogram,whichbeganin1999inresponsetopressurefromagroupofparents,hasbeenheavilypromoted（urged）byMayor（市长）RichardDaleyandnowhasawaitinglistofschoolsseekingtoparticipate（join/takepartin）.\thinktherewillbetwolanguagesinthisworld,\themayorsaid.\willbeChineseandEnglish.\　　[9]Largeprogramscanalsobefoundinthesuburbs（郊区->suburban）ofWashington,and（innercity）outercities（卫星城）with（cosmo->）cosmopolitan（huge）populations.[10]TheprogramatGlenwood,whichinvolves（includes）116oftheschool’s460pupils,begansixyearsagowhen（then/atthattime）agroupofparentsputpressureonthelocalschool（region/zone/area/district）districttobeginteachingChinese.ChapelHillisauniversitytown（大学城）,siteoftheflagshipcampus（主校区）oftheUniversityofNorthCarolina,andasubstantial（=huge）numberof（agreatnumberof）ChinesefamiliesworkattheuniversityorinnearbyResearchTrianglePark.SomeoftheEnglish-speakingpupilsareChinesewhowere（adapted）adoptedas　　　　2　　　　infants（babies）byAmericanfamilies.　　[11]Theprogrambeganaccepting24studentseachyearintokindergarten（nursery）,andthefirstcohort（group）hasnowreachedGrade4.Eachclassistaughtjointly（together）bytwoteachers,oneChinese-speakingandtheotherEnglish-speaking,whodividethecurriculum.Studentsarcadmitted（enlisted）bylottery（=drawlots）andthereisawaitinglist,AmyRickard,theprincipal,said.　　[12]TeacherssaytheytendtouseChineseforconcrete（specific）topicslike（suchas）geometryorscience,andEnglishformoreabstractconcepts.\todeliver（teach/address/discuss;~milk/newspaper/~abay;naturaldelivery自然分娩）scienceinasecondlanguage,\afoundation（base）vocabulary.\　　[13]ThebiggestobstacletoexpandingChineseinstruction（teaching）inschoolsisfindingqualified（competent）teachers.RobertDavis,manager（director）oftheChicagoprogram,saidthathesearchedtheInternetandeventraveledinMaytoShanghai,asistercitytoChicago（thekeytothatlock）,torecruit（enlist）teachersfortwo-yearstints（=experience）.Hesaidthattheproblemhadbeencomplicated（havegonefrombadtoworse）bythefederalNoChildLeftBehind8legislation（act）,whichrequires（demands）allteacherstobecertified（qualified）.\hasnocertificatesforlanguageteachers,\hesaid.\hadtoworkwith（cooperate）thestatetogetone（school）started.\　　[14]Findingteachingmaterialsisanotherbottleneck（puzzle）.Lundsaidthatsheandherteachingpartner（colleague）hadtodevelopthemfromscratch（fromtheverybeginning）.%usematerialsfromChinabecausethecurriculumsarenotaligned（same）,\shesaid.\wedownloadmaterialsfromtheInternetandpasteChinesecharacters[1.小说戏剧中的人物；2.汉字]overEnglishwordsinbooks.\　　[15]Proponents（advocates）ofmorestudyofChineseinschoolsarefindinganactiveally[1.合作；2.集合）intheChinesegovernment,whichhelpedunderwrite（takesomeresponsibilty）theChicagoprogramandnewAdvancedPlacementexamandhasanewagreementwiththeCollegeBoardtobuildChineselanguageprograms（projects）in2,000public[；[美国]私立的]）schoolsoverthenextfiveyears.TheDepartmentofEducationandtheMinistryofEducationinBeijinghavecooperatedtocreateChengo9,anonlinegames-basedprogramforbeginningChinese（汉语入门课）.　　[16]WalterssaidthatChineseparentsatGlenwoodweresupportiveof（werehelpfulto/support）herson’sstudyoftheirlanguage.%upfor（ask问请/askfor索取/turntosb.forhelp向某人求助）helpwithhomework（helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事）,\thatParisviewed（considered/regarded）spendinghalfofhisdayoperatingin（teaching）Mandarinasquite（abnormal）normalforan8-yearoldAmericanboy.\expectstousehisChineselanguageskills（theotherday过去的某一天）someday（将来的某一天）torun（start）aLegofactory\　　Notes　　1.Lego:

a（Demark->）Danishtoycompanyproducingthebrick-buildingtoyswiththebrandofthesamename.　　2.theAsiaSociety:

anon-profitorganizationdedicatedtoeducatingAmericansaboutAsiaandfostering（cultivating/developing）understandingbetweenAmericansandthepeoplesofAsia.Ithas　　　　3　　　　severalcentersintheUnitedStates（Houston,LosAngeles,SanFranciscoandWashington,）andaroundtheworld（HongKong,Manila,Mumbai（孟买）,\（汉城/首尔）,Shanghai,MakatiCity（马卡提：

菲律宾吕宋岛西南部的一个城市）andMelbourne.Allofthesecentersareoverseen（=supervised）bytheSociety’sheadquartersinNewYork（City）.　　3.PrincetonUniversity:

aprivateresearchuniversitylocatedinPrinceton,NewJersey,UnitedStates.TheschoolisoneoftheeightuniversitiesoftheIvyLeagueandisconsideredoneofthe（colony->colonize->）ColonialColleges.Foundedin1746,Princetonisthefourthinstitutionofhighereducationinthetoconductclasses.　　4.theCollegeBoard:

anon-profitmembershipassociation（society协会）intheUnitedStatesthatwasformedin1900astheCollegeEntranceExaminationBoard（CEEB）.Itiscomposedofmorethan5,700schools,colleges,universitiesandothereducationalorganizations.Itmanagesmanydifferentstandardizedtestsusedbya