考研英语一答案及解析 28.docx
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考研英语一答案及解析28
1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionI:
StructureandVocabulary
Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoicesintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)
EXAMPLE:
Iwascaught________therainyesterday.
[A]in
[B]by
[C]with
[D]at
ANSWER:
[A]
1.Modernmanfacesdangerscompletelyunknown________hispredecessors.
[A]for
[B]to
[C]of
[D]by
2.Thechancesofseeingahelicopterinmyhometownareone________amillion.
[A]for
[B]to
[C]in
[D]against
3.________wehaveallthematerialsready,weshouldbeginthenewtaskatonce.
[A]Sincethat
[B]Sincenow
[C]Bynow
[D]Nowthat
4.Wehopethemeasurestocontrolprices,________takenbythegovernment,willsucceed.
[A]when
[B]as
[C]since
[D]after
5.Thehistoricaleventsofthatperiodarearranged________.
[A]inalphabeticalorder
[B]inanalphabeticalorder
[C]inthealphabeticalorders
[D]inalphabeticalorders
6.Insomemarketstheremaybeonlyoneseller.________iscalledamonopoly.
[A]Situationasthis
[B]Suchkindofsituation
[C]Suchasituation
[D]Asituationofthis
7.Heis________tospeakthetruth.
[A]toomuchofacoward
[B]toomuchacoward
[C]somuchacoward
[D]somuchofacoward
8.Healwaysgives________tohiswife’sdemandsanddoeswhatevershetellshimto.
[A]up
[B]away
[C]in
[D]out
9.It’s________intheregulationsthatyoucantake20kilosofluggagewithyou.
[A]laidupon
[B]laidout
[C]laidup
[D]laiddown
10.Lookatallthecorruptionthat’sgoingon.It’stimethecitywas________.
[A]cleanedout
[B]cleaneddown
[C]cleanedaway
[D]cleanedup
11.Thoughhedidnotsaysodirectly,theinspector________themanwasguilty.
[A]declared
[B]implied
[C]disclosed
[D]said
12.ThePrimeMinisterrefusedto________ontherumourthathehadplannedtoresign.
[A]explain
[B]comment
[C]remark
[D]talk
13.Iaskedthetailortomakeasmall________tomytrousersbecausetheyweretoolong.
[A]change
[B]variation
[C]revision
[D]alteration
14.Magnificentviewsoverthecountrysidehaveoften________peopletowritepoems.
[A]excited
[B]inspired
[C]induced
[D]attracted
15.Thefoodwasdivided________accordingtotheageandsizeofthechildren.
[A]equally
[B]proportionately
[C]sufficiently
[D]adequately
SectionII:
ReadingComprehension
Eachofthethreepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(20points)
Test1
Ascientistoncesaid:
“Ihaveconcludedthattheearthisbeingvisitedbyintelligentlycontrolledvehiclesfromouterspace.”
IfwetakethisasareasonableexplanationforUFOs(unidentifiedflyingobjects),questionsimmediatelycomeup.
“Whydon’ttheygetintouchwithus,then?
Whydon’ttheylandrightontheWhiteHouselawnanddeclarethemselves?
”peopleasked.
Inreply,scientistssaythat,whilethismaybewhatwewant,itmaynotnecessarilybewhattheywant.
“Themostlikelyexplanation,itseemstome,”saidDr.Mead,“isthattheyaresimplywatchingwhatweareupto--thatresponsiblesocietyoutsideoursolarsystemiskeepinganeyeonustoseethatwedon’tsetinmotionachainreactionthatmighthaveunexpectedeffectsforoutsideoursolarsystem.”
Opinionsfromotherscientistsmightgolikethis:
“Whyshouldtheywanttogetintouchwithus?
Wemayfeelwe’remoreimportantthanwereallyare!
Theymaywanttoobserveusonlyandnotinterferewiththedevelopmentofourcivilization.Theymaynotcareifweseethembuttheyalsomaynotcaretosay‘hello’.”
SomescientistshavealsosuggestedthatEarthisakindofzooorwildlifereserve.Justaswesetasidewildernessareasandwildlifereservestoallowanimalsandgrowingthingstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem,soperhapsEarthwassetasideagesagoforthesamepurpose.
Arewebeingobservedbyintelligentbeingsfromothercivilizationsintheuniverse?
Aretheywatchingourprogressinspacetravel?
Doweliveinagigantic“zoo”observedbyour“keepers,”buthavingnocommunicationwiththem?
Neverbeforeinourhistoryhavewehadtoconfrontideaslikethese.Thesimplefactisthatwe,whohavealwaysregardedourselvesassupremeintheuniverse,maynotbeso.Nowwehavetorecognizethat,amongthestarsintheheavens,theremayverywellbeworldsinhabitedbybeingswhoaretousaswearetoants.
16.Peoplewhoaskthequestion“Whydon’ttheygetintouchwithus...anddeclarethemselves?
”thinkthat________.
[A]therearenosuchthingsasUFOs
[B]UFOsarevisitorsfromsolarsystem
[C]there’snoreasonforUFOssoonerorlater
[D]weareboundtoseeUFOssoonerorlater
17.AccordingtoDr.Mead,theattitudeofbeingsfromouterspacetowardusisoneof________.
[A]unfriendliness
[B]suspicion
[C]superiority
[D]hostility
18.Thetoneofthewriteristhatof________.
[A]doubt
[B]warning
[C]indifference
[D]criticism
Test2
Theuseofthemotorisbecomingmoreandmorewidespreadinthetwentiethcentury;asanincreasingnumberofcountriesdevelopbothtechnicallyandeconomically,soalargerproportionoftheworld’spopulationisabletobuyanduseacar.Possessingacargivesamuchgreaterdegreeofmobility,enablingthedrivertomovearoundfreely.Theownerofacarisnolongerforcedtorelyonpublictransportandis,therefore,notcompelledtoworklocally.Hecanchoosefromdifferentjobsandprobablychangeshisworkmorefrequentlyasheisnotrestrictedtoachoicewithinasmallradius.Travellingtoworkbycarisalsomorecomfortablethanhavingtousepublictransport;thedrivercanadjusttheheatinginwinterandtheairconditioninginthesummertosuithisownneedsandpreference.Thereisnoirritationcausedbywaitingfortrains,busesorundergroundtrains,standinginlongpatientqueues,orsittingonwindyplatforms,foraslongashalfanhoursometimes.Withthebuildingofgood,fastmotorwayslongdistancescanbecoveredrapidlyandpleasantly.Forthefirsttimeinthiscenturyalso,manypeoplearenowabletoenjoytheirleisuretimetothefullbymakingtripstothecountryorseasideattheweekends,insteadofbeingconfinedtotheirimmediateneighbourhood.Thisfeelingofindependence,andthefreedomtogowhereyouplease,isperhapsthegreatestadvantageofthecar.
Whenconsideringthedrawbacks,perhapspollutionisofprimeimportance.Asmoreandmorecarsareproducedandused,sotheemissionfromtheirexhaust-pipescontainsaneverlargervolumeofpoisonousgas.Someofthecontentsofthisgas,suchaslead,notonlypollutetheatmospherebutcauseactualharmtothehealthofpeople.Manyoftheminorillnessesofmodernindustrialsociety,headaches,tiredness,andstomachupsetsarethoughttoarisefrombreathingpollutedair;doctors’surgeriesarefullofpeoplesufferingfromillnessescausedbypollution.Itisalsobecomingincreasinglydifficulttodealwiththeproblemoftrafficintowns;mostoftheimportantcitiesoftheworldsufferfromtrafficcongestion.Infactanyadvantagegainedincomfortisoftencancelledoutincitydrivingbythefrustrationcausedbytrafficjams:
endlessqueuesofcarscrawlingoneafteranotherthroughallthemainstreets.Asanincreasingnumberoftrafficregulationschemesaredevised,thepoorbewildereddriverfindshimselfdivertedandforcedintoone-waysystemswhichcauseevengreaterdelaysthanthetrafficjamstheyaresupposedtoprevent.Themountingcostofpetrolandtheincreasedlicensefeesandroadtaxalladdtothedriver’sworries.Infact,hemustsometimeswonderifthemotorcarissuchablessingandnotjustamenace.
19.Moreandmorepeoplecanaffordtobuyandusecarsbecause________.
[A]anincreasingnumberofcarsarebeingproduced
[B]thecostofcarsisgettingcheaperwiththedevelopmentoftechnology
[C]lotsofcountrieshavebecomemoredeveloped
[D]theuseofcarshasprovedtobemoreeconomical
20.Theadvantagesofhavingacararebestexperiencedinthedriver’s________.
[A]freedominchoosinghisjob
[B]comfortduringthetravels
[C]enjoymentofhisleisuretime
[D]feelingofself-reliance
21.Whatisconsideredbythewriterasthegreatestmenacetothepeoplecausedbythewidespreaduseofmotorcars?
[A]airpollution
[B]trafficjams
[C]fataldiseases
[D]highcost
Test3
MannersnowadaysinmetropolitancitieslikeLondonarepracticallynon-existent.Itisnothingforabig,strongschoolboytoelbowanelderlywomanasideinthedashforthelastremainingseatonthetubeorbus,muchlessstandupandofferhisseattoher,asheought.Infact,itissaddeningtonotethatifamandoesofferhisseattoanolderwoman,itisnearlyalwaysaContinentalmanoronefromtheoldergeneration.
Thisquestionofgivingupseatsinpublictransportismucharguedaboutbyyoungmen,whosaythat,sincewomenhaveclaimedequality,theynolongerdeservetobetreatedwithcourtesyandthatthosewhogoouttoworkshouldtaketheirturnintheratracelikeanyoneelse.Womenhaveneverclaimedtobephysicallyasstrongasmen.Evenifitisnotagreed,however,thatyoungmenshouldstandupforyoungerwomen,thefactremainsthatcourtesyshouldbeshowntotheold,thesickandtheburdened.Arewereallysolosttoallidealsofunselfishnessthatwecansitthereindifferentlyreadingthepaperorabook,sayingtoourselves“Firstcome,firstserved,”whileagrey-hairedwoman,amotherwithayoungchildoracripplestands?
Y