江苏届高三一模汇编之阅读.docx

江苏届高三一模汇编之阅读.docx

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江苏届高三一模汇编之阅读

江苏2018届高三一模汇编之阅读

南京市第三高级中学2018届高三月考英语试题

A

TheFilm:

TheGreatGatsby（BasedonFitzgerald’sNovelTheGreatGatsby）

Director:

BazLuhrmannCast:

LeonardoDiCaprioasJayGatsby

FilmReviews:

IfyouneverreadtheclassicF.ScottFitzgerald’snovelTheGreatGatsby,nowisyourchancetocatchup—bywatchingthelatestfilmadaptation.Becauseifthere’sonesentencetosumupthefilm,itwouldbe:

It’sjustlikethebook.

Theuseofmusicisalmostreasonenoughtoseethefilm.BazLuhrmannisathisbestmixingvisualandmusicalstylestogethertocreatesomethingwhollyoriginal,forexample,inoneofthemostoutstandingscenesinthefilm,thefirstpartyscene,NickwalksquicklyfromonepartyguesttoanotherpartyguesttryingtoexplainallthegossipaboutGatsbyuntilheisfinallyintroducedtothemanhimself,whilethemoststirringversionofRhapsodyinBlue（蓝色狂想曲）,whichwascomposedbyAmericanmusicianGeorgeGershwinin1924,isplayedinthebackground.

─FoxNews

DirectorBazLuhrmann’smainchallengewaseithertofindavisualequivalent（相等物）forFitzgerald’selegantquality--theopensecretofthebook’spopularityforsolongtime–ortomatchhisownunusualpersonalstrengthswiththematerial.Hetriesitbothways,withconsiderabledegreesofsuccess.

DiCapriodoesagoodandprofessionaljobasthesocialite（上流社会人士）byrecreatingFitzgerald’sdescriptionofGatsby’scharm.Hecanlookatsomeoneforaninstantandunderstandhow,perfectly,heorshewantstobeseen.

─TimeMagazine

AbouttheBookandtheMainCharacter:

ConsideredtobeFitzgerald’srepresentativework,TheGreatGatsbyexploresthemesofidealism,resistancetochange,socialchange,andexcess,creatingaportraitoftheJazzAgeortheRoaringTwentiesthathasbeendescribedasataleregardingtheAmericanDream.

　　Nick,thenarrator,movestoNewYorkforthesummertovisithiscousinDaisy.Hisnext-doorneighborisJayGatsby（LeonardoDiCaprio）,whorarelycontactswithothersandissaidtobeaherooftheGreatWar.GatsbyclaimstohaveattendedOxfordUniversity,buttheevidenceissuspect.AsNicklearnsmoreaboutGatsby,everydetailabouthimseemsquestionable,excepthislovefortheDaisy.ThoughDaisyismarried,Gatsbystilllovesherashis“goldengirl”.Theyfirstmetwhenshewasayoungladyfromawealthyfamilyandhewasaworking-classmilitaryofficer.Daisypromisedtowaitforhisreturnfromthewar.However,shemarriedTom,aclassmateofNick’s.Havingobtainedagreatfortune,Gatsbysetsouttowinherbackagain.

56.AccordingtoTimeMagazine,whatdidBazLuhrmanndotomakethefilmasuccess?

A.Hemixedhisstylewiththeeleganceofthebook.B.Hemadethefilmmorepowerfulthanthebook.

C.Headaptedthestoryinthenovelashewished.D.Hechangedthestorytomeethisownstyle.

57.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribeGatsby?

　A.Faithfulandwarm-hearted.B.Mysteriousanddevoted.C.Selfishandcharming.D.Charmingandprofessional.

B

Ontheoccasionalclear-frostautumnright,IwashikingthroughthedarkforestwithmyGMOwolf.Yes,mybestfriendisageneticallymodifiedorganism（转基因生物）;deliberateselectionhasproducedtheblunt-toothed,small-pawedwonderthatwalksbymyside.

Ourworldischangingrapidly.Inthelastfivedecades,globalpopulationhasfullydoubled,with3.7billionhungrymouthsaddedtoourplanet.Duringthissametimespan,theamountoflandsuitableforagriculturehasincreasedbyonly5%.Miraculously,thisdidnotresultinthegreatglobalfamine（饥荒）onemighthavepredicted..

Howdoscientistsmodifyaplantsothatitmakesmorefoodthanitsparentsdid?

Wecouldtreateachharvestlikealitterofwolfpupsandselectonlyplantsbearingthefattest;richestseedsforthenextseason.Thiswasthemethodourancestorsusedtoengineerrice,cornandwheatfromthewildgrassestheyencountered.

Duringmychildhood,advancesingenetictechnologiesallowedscientiststoidentifyandclonethegenesresponsibleforrepressingstemgrowth,leadingtoshorter,strongerstalksthatcouldbearmoreseed—thehigh-yieldcropsthatfeedustoday.The21stcenturyhasbroughtwithitamarvelousnewsetofhigh-techtoolswithwhichtofurtherquickentheprocessofartificialselection.PlantgeneticistscannowdirectlyeditoutoreditinsectionsofDNAusingmolecularscissors.Wecanminimizeaplant'sweaknesseswhileaddingtoitsstrengths,andwedon'thavetowaitforseasonstopasstotesttheresult.

Itisthetransformativepotentialofthesetechniquestoquicklysupplythenext-generationcropsrequiredforupcomingclimatechangethathasledmetobelieveinthesafetyandfunctionofGMOplantsinagriculturalproducts.WeneedmoreGMOresearchtofeedtheworldthatwearecreating.

Ilovethequietforestthatstandsbetweenmylabandmyhome.ButIknowthatasascientist,Iamresponsiblefirsttohumanity.Wemustfeed,shelterandnurtureoneanotherasourfirstpriority,andtodoso,wemusttakeadvantageofourbesttechnologies,whichhavealwaysincludedsometypeofgeneticmodification.Wemustcontinueasbefore,nourishingthefutureaswefeedourselves,andeachyearplantonlytheverybestofwhatwehavecollectivelyengineered.IkeepthefaithofmyancestorseachnightwhenIwalkthroughtheforesttomylab,andmyGMOwolfdoesthesamewhensheguardsmywayhome.

58.Whydoestheauthormentionthewolfinthe1stparagraph?

A.ToadvisepeopletokeepwolvesaspetsB.Topersuadereaderstowelcomethenewtechnology

C.Tochangepeople'sattitudetowardswolvesD.Tointroduceatechnologyusedtohumans'advantage

59.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.GMOtechnologywillhelpweatherprooffuturecrops.B.WithGMOtechnology,faminehasbeeneliminated.

C.Artificialselectionsmakehigh-yieldplantspossible.D.Theauthorbelievestechnologyshouldcontributetofuturegenerations.

60.Whatcanbelearnedaboutmodifyingaplant?

A.Ittakesscientistsseasonstoknowwhethertheirselectioniscorrect.

B.Onewayforancestorstochangeaplantwastoclonesomegenes.

C.ModerntechniqueshelpspeeduptheartificialselectionbyalteringDNA.

D.ThegeneralpublicshowstrongfaithinGMOplants.

61.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.GMOTechnology—TurningWolvesintotheBestPetsB.EngineeredFood—FeedingFutureGenerations

C.EngineeredFood—ToBeorNotToBeD.GMOTechnology—ADrivingForceinWorldPeace

C

Kepler22b,aplanetmorelikeEarththananyyetdiscovered,hasbeenidentifiedasapotentialfuturehomeformankind.

Kepler22bcontainsbothlandandwaterandhastemperatureswhichaveragearound22℃.Italsocontainstherightatmospheretopotentiallysupportlife.

Itis,however,600lightyearsfromEarth.Theplanet,whereayearlasts290days,wasfirstspottedtwoyearsago.

However,NASAscientistsusingtheagency‟sKeplerspacetelescopehavenowconcludedthatitoffersthebesthopeyetforfuturehumanhabitationoutsidetheSolarSystem.

Oneofthekeystandardsforaplanettobehabitableisthatitremainsroughlytherightdistancefromitsmainstartobeneithertoocoldnortoohot.

Thisrangeofidealtemperaturesisknowntoscientistsasthe“Goldilocks”zone,asthetemperatureis“justright”forlife.

BillBorucki,KeplerprincipalinvestigatoratNASAAmesResearchCentre,said:

“WehavenowgotgoodplanetconfirmationwithKepler22b.Wearecertainthatitisinthehabitablezoneandifithasasurfaceitoughttohaveanicetemperature.”

Therearenowthreeplanetsoutsidethesystem,knownasexoplanets,whichexpertsbelievecouldpotentiallybecolonised（建殖民地）byfuturegenerations.

InMay,FrenchastronomersidentifiedGliese581d,whichisfarcloserataround20lightyearsaway.Itisaboutsixtimesthemass（质量）ofEarthandisoneofafamilyofatleastsixplanets.

InAugust,ateamfromSwitzerlandreportedthatanotherplanetcalledHD85512band36lightyearsawayseemedtobehabitable.

TheplanetisintheconstellationofVela,measuringaround3.6timestheEarth‟smass.

Accordingtoanonlinecataloguethatindexesbodiesoutsideoursolarsystem,atotalof47exoplanetsandexomoonsarepotentialhabitablecandidatesbutnotenoughresearchhasbeendonetobesure.

62.Whetheraplanetissuitableformankindtoliveondoesn’tdependon________.

A.whetheritiscloseenoughtoEarthB.whethertherearepropertemperatures

C.whetherthereisatmospherearounditD.whetherthereislandandwateronit

63.InwhatwayisKepler22blikeEarth?

A.Itsmass.B.Itssize.C.Itsshape.D.Itsconditions.

64.Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat________.

A.Kepler22bisclosertoEarththanGliese581dB.Kepler22b’smassisgreaterthanHD85512b’s

C.Kepler22b’syearlastslongerthantheearth’sD.Kepler22bismostlikelytobehabitableofall

65.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.

A.thefartheraplanetisawayfromtheearth,themorelikelyitistobehabitable

B.thelongerayearofaplanetlasts,thefartheritisawayfromtheSolarSystem

C.themorepotentialhabitableexoplanetsarefound,themoreresearchweshoulddo

D.thesmallermassaplanethasthantheearth,thelesspossiblythereiswateronit

D

Gamblers（赌徒）atMonteCarloarepursuingmoney,andmostofthemloseitinstead,butthereareotherwaysofpursuing（追求）money,whichoftensucceed.Soitiswithhappiness.Epicurus,aGreekphilosopher,pursueditbylivingonlyinpleasantsocietyandeatingonlydrybreadforthesakeofhispoorhealth,withalittlecheeseonfeastdays.Hismethodprovedsuccessfulinhiscase,butsom