在下列情形下用现在完成时.docx
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在下列情形下用现在完成时
在下列情形下用现在完成时
1、九词语
①already已经肯定句中或句尾例:
Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.=Ihavefoundmypenalready.
②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾例：
Ihavenotfinishedtheworkyet.
Haveyouboughtacomputeryet?
③ever曾经句中例：
Haveyoueverseenpandas?
④never从不句中例：
IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.
⑤just刚刚句中例：
Ihavejustdonemywork.
⑥before以前句尾例：
Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.
⑦sofar到目前为止例：
Sofarhehaslearnt200words.
⑧howlong多久例：
Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?
⑨howmanytimes多少次例：
HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing?
2、两词组
havegoneto去了某地例：
HehasgonetoBeijing（去了北京）
havebeento去过某地例：
HehasbeentoBeijing.（去过北京）
3、两结构
fortwomonths
for+一段时间
Jimhaslivedherefor2months.
sincelastyear
since+过去点时间
LucyhasbeeninBeijingsince3yearsago.
since3yearsago
since1990
sincehecamehere
since+过去时态句子
HehasbeeninChinasincehecamehere.
4、如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加"已经"，往往用现在完成时态。
例：
Haveyoulostyourlibrarybook?
你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？
5、现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型
Theyhaveplantedmanytreesinthelastfewyears.在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。
ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。
ItisthefirsttimeIhaveplayedthecomputergames.这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。
6、在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用
例：
Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.（错）
因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for3years连用,改正的办法有五种：
①Hehasboughtthebook..（去掉一段时间for3years）
②Heboughtthebook3yearsago（改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变）③It's3yearssinceheboughtthebook.=3yearshaspassedsinceheboughtthebook.
（改为固定句型Itis---since---）
④Hehasnotboughtthebookfor3years.（改为否定句）
⑤Hehashadthebookfor3years.（用延续性动词have代替buy）7、延续性动词和终止性动词
①延续性动词：
表示的动作是能延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。
如：
learn\work\stand\lie\know\walk\keep\have\wait\watch\sing\read\sleep\live②终止性动词：
也叫非延续性动词，瞬间动词，一次性动词。
表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果。
在有了某种结果后，动作就不能再继续下去。
如：
leave\start\setout\arrive\reach\getto\begin\stop\shut\turnoff\marry\put\puton\getup\wake\fall\join\meet\receive\finish\end\complete\become\come\go\die\open\close\break\give\jump\buy\borrow
8、终止性动词不能和一段时间状语连用。
Hehasdiedforthreedays.（错，终止性动词die不能和一段时间forthreedays连用）常见的相互转换形式如下
Borrow/lend---keep,buy----have,arrive/come/go/move/reach/getto---bein/at/behere/there
Begin/start---beonopen---beopen,finish/end---beover,close---beclosed,die---bedeadLeave---beaway,goout---beout,gotoschool---beinschool/beastudent,,getup,---beupFallasleep---beasleep,lose---belost,become---be,return/comeback/getback---bebackJoin---bein/beamember,jointhearmy---beinthearmy/beasolider,receive/get/aletter---Havealetter,catch/getacold---haveacold
例1：
Ihavecomeherefor3years.（错）改为：
Ihavebeenherefor3years.②leave/go→beaway
例：
Hehasleftfor3hours.（错）改为：
Hehasbeenawayfor3hours.③begin/start→beon
例：
Thefilmhasbegunfor3minutes.（错）改为：
Thefilmhasbeenonfor3minutes.
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Thanksalot.It'ssunnyagain.It_______________（rain）foralongtime.
2._____________Mr.Li_______________（live）heresince8yearsold?
3.SinceMr.Licamehere,he_______________（teach）inthisschool.
4.It'sthethirdtimethatI_______________（see）himthismonth./
5.Isyourmotherathome?
------No,she_______________（go）towork.
6.Hermother_______________（become）adoctorin1970.She_______________（work）inthehospitalsince26yearsold.
7.He_______________（teach）Englishheresincewe_______________（see）him5yearsago.
8.Howmanytimes_______________you_______________（be）toBeijing?
------Onlyonce.I_______________（go）theretwoyearsago.
9.I'velostmycat._______________youever_______________（see）itanywhere?
10.Myparentsarenotathome.They_______________（leave）forShanghai.
11.Waithere,please.Thetrain_______________（notarrive）yet.
12.Whereismydictionary?
------LiPing_______________（take）itaway.
13.I_______________（lose）mypen,andI_______________（look）foritnow.
14.I_______________（notsee）suchastrangethingbefore.
15.HejoinedthePartyin1990.He_______________（be）apartymemberfor10years.
16.Howlong______________UncleWang______________（work）inthisfactory?
------Since
1995.
17.Sofarthechildren_______________（learn）1,000Englishwords.
18._______________you_______________（mend）yourbike?
------Yes.Imendeditamomentago.
19.I'lltellhimthenewsthatourclass_______________（win）already.
20.She_______________（stay）hereforover5years.
21.Theboxisempty.Who_______________（eat）allthecakes?
22.Hehasfoundhisbike.When_______________he_______________（find）it?
23.Hersister_______________（go）toShanghai.She_______________（leave）thismorning.
24.MyfriendWangHaioften_______________（swim）intheriver.
25.Theteacher_______________（reach）Beijingtwodaysago.
每处划线中有错误，在题后改正
1.Jimhasboughtthebookforjust3days.
2.UncleWanghasdiedfor3years.
3.IhavegonetoBeijingthreetimes.
4.Jimisn'there.HehasbeentoBeijing.Hewenttherethismorning.
5.Shehaslivedtheresince8years.
6.Hashebeenateacherfor1990?
7.Ilivedheresince3monthsago.
8.Haveyoufinishedtheworkyet?
------Yes,Idid.
9.Jim'sbrothershasmademanykindsofkites.
10.Hehastakedthebooksaway.
二、用过去时或现在完成时填空：
1."_________you__________（have）lunch?
""Yes."
"When________you__________（have）it?
""I____________（have）itat12:
00."
2."_________you__________（write）alettertoyourauntyet?
"
"Yes,I___________.I________________（write）onelastweek."
3."_________he___________（finish）hishomework?
""Notyet."
4."_________theyever__________（be）abroad?
""Yes,justonce."
5.Yourfather_________just___________（finish）hiswork.
6.Yourfather_________（finish）hisworkjustnow.
7.LasttermI__________（learn）manyEnglishwords.
8.They____________（notread）theinterestingbooksyet.
9.He_____________never____________（go）tothesciencemuseum.
10.____________youever____________（drink）coke?
11."____________you_____________（buy）adictionary?
""Yes,I__________."
"Where__________you_____________（buy）it?
""I___________（buy）itinabookstore.""When___________you_____________（buy）it?
""Yesterday."
三、用since和for填空
1.______twoyears2._______twoyearsago3._______lastmonth4.______1999
5._______yesterday6._______4o'clock7.______4hours8._______anhourago
9._______wewerechildren10._____lunchtime11.______shelefthere
12.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.
13.I'veknownhim__________wewerechildren.
14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.
15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.
16.It'sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.
四、短暂性动词转换为延续性动词
1）HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.
He__________________________Beijingfor__________________.
2）ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.
I__________________________theUSAsince____________________.
3）Iwenthomeyesterday.
I________________________homefor___________________.
4）Theycameherelastweek.
They__________________heresince___________________.
1）Hecameouttwoyearsago.
He____________________________for____________________.
2）WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.
We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.
1）Ibecameateacherin2000.
I__________________ateacherfor__________________.
2）Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.
Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.
1）Theshopclosedtwohoursago.
Theshop__________________________for__________________.
2）Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.
Thedoor________________________forsixhours.
1）Igotuptwohoursago.
I________________________since________________.
2）HeleftFuzhoujustnow.
He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.
3）Mygrandpadiedin2002.
Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.
4）Themeetingfinishedatsix.
Themeeting____________________forsixhours.
5）Igottosleeptwohoursago.
I__________________________since__________________.
6）Theymarriedin1990.
They___________________________since_________.
1）Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.
I________atthisschoolsince____.
2）Thefilmbegantwominutesago.
Thefilm____________for________.
They__________________itsince____________________.
2）Iboughtapentwohoursago.
I__________________apenfor__________________.
3）Igottoknowhimlastyear.I______________himsince____________________.
4）Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.
I____________________myglassesfor__________________.
HehasgonetoBeijing.
He_____________Beijingfortwodays.
1）Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.
He_________________a__________________fortwoyears.
He________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.
He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.
2）Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.
Mybrother__________________a___________for______________________.
Mybrother_____________________in_______________________fortwoyears.
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