北斗星中考英语真题阅读 Topic 11 The World and The Environment 世界与环境.docx

北斗星中考英语真题阅读 Topic 11 The World and The Environment 世界与环境.docx

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北斗星中考英语真题阅读Topic11TheWorldandTheEnvironment世界与环境

TopicElevenTheWorldandTheEnvironment世界与环境

话说中考

本话题是谈论世界与环境问题。

世界与环境相互依存，但是近年来人们为了自身的发展，破坏了环境，环境问题日益突出。

中考阅读理解对本话题考查是通过阅读小短文理解大意，从短文中归纳、分析出环境与世界的关系，以及了解环境对世界的重要性和作用。

目的是培养学生的环境意识，提高学生对环境问题的认识。

这就要求学生在日常生活中重视环境问题，养成热爱环境、保护环境的好习惯。

走进中考（福州·2010）

CuttheCarbonFootprint

Everythingyoudoleavesa"carbonfootprint"（碳足迹）．Forexample，whenyoutravelinataxi，thecargivesoff（排放）CO2intotheair．CO2isagreenhousegas．Greenhousegasesmaketheearthbecomewarm．Toprotectourenvironment，weneedtoleavelessofa"carbonfootprint"．Howbigisyourcarbonfootprint?

Togetanidea，takealookatthefollowingnumbers．

Livingareas

★TVsetsandDVDplayersproduce723kgofCO2ayear．

★Ifyouturnthemoffwhenyou'renotusingthem，youcancutthatnumberby108kg．

Laundryroom（洗衣房）

DryingclothesinadryerproducesalotofCO2．

★Ifyouuseyourdryerfivetimesperweek，youproduce185kgofCO2peryear．

★Dryyourclothesinthesuninstead．

Bathroom

★Ifyoutakeaneight-minuteshowereveryday，youproduce616kgofCO2ayear．

★Ifyouonlyusesixminutestotakeashower，youcancutthatnumberby154kgayear．

根据短文内容，判断正误。

正确用“T”表示，错误用“F”表示。

（）1．CO2isagreenhousegasthatcanmaketheearthwarm．

（）2．WatchingTVandtravelinginataxicanproducelittleCO2．

（）3．Ifweuseadryerfivetimesperweek，weproduce154kgofCO2peryear．

（）4．Ifwespendlesstimetakingashower，wecancutthenumberofCO2．

（）5．Thelessofa"carbonfootprint"weleave，thebetterourenvironmentwillbecome．

解析

1．T根据第一段第三句和第四句话可知CO2是一种能使地球变暖的温室气体。

2．F根据“TVsetsandDVDplayersproduce723kgofCO2ayear．”和文章标题，可知看电视和开车能产生很多CO2，不是几乎不产生。

所以此句的表述是错误的。

3．F根据“Ifyouuseyourdryerfivetimesperweek，youproduce185kgofCO2peryear．”可以判断此句是错误的。

4．T根据每天洗澡8分钟和每天洗澡6分钟产生的二氧化氮的对比说明，时间越短，产生的二氧化碳就相对越少，所以此句的表述是正确的。

5．T根据“Toprotectourenvironment，weneedtoleavelessofa'carbonfootprint'"，可知此句正确。

话题专练

一

June5thisWorldEnvironmentDay．Thismakesuspaymoreattentiontoourenvironment．WhenWangBoxuan，aBeijinghighschoolboy，usesuphisexercisebooks，hedoesnotthrowthemaway．Eachoneiskeptathisschoolwithhundredsofexercisebooksthataregivenbyotherstudents．ThentheyaresoldtoaBeijingpapermakingfactory．

Thepaperisrecycledandusedagainbystudentsandteachersintheschool．Atthesametime，themoneythatismadefromthesalesgoestoschoolsinInnerMongolia（内蒙古）．Thegovernmentthereusesthemoneytoplantmoretreesandgrass．Thisplaceisoneofthesources（源头）ofthesandstorms（沙尘暴）thatoftenattackBeijingduringspringtime．

Wang'sschoolisoneoftheschoolsinthecapitalthattakepartinthe"greenpromise"environmentalprotectionactivity．Sofar，nearly210000studentshavetakenpartintheactivity，collectingmorethan87tonsofwastepaper．

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

（）1．WangBoxuanandhisschoolmates_______wasteexercisebooks．

A．throwaway

B．keepandsell

C．cutup

D．giveaway

（）2．Themoneymadefromthesalesisusedto_______．

A．buynewexercisebooks

B．helppoorstudents

C．planttreesandgrass

D．bekept

（）3．Fromthethirdparagraph，wecanknowthat_______．

A．manyyearsfromnow，studentswillhavenoexercisebookstouse

B．manyyearsfromnow，therewillbenowastepaper

C．manyyearsfromnow，thesandstormswillbelessseriousinBeijing

D．manyyearsfromnow，Beijingwillbemuchdirtier

（）4．WorldEnvironmentDayison_______．

A．六月十五号B．七月十五号C．六月五号D．七月五号

（）5．Whichofthefollowingisright?

A．Thepaperisrecycledandusedagainbystudentsandteachersintheschool．

B．Sofar，allstudentshavetakenpartintheactivity，collectingmorethan87tonsofwastepaper．

C．Atthesametime，themoneythatismadefromthesalesgoestoschoolsinBeijing．

D．Eachoneiskeptathisschoolwithfewexercisebooksthataregivenbyotherstudents．

答案：

1．B细节判断题。

根据第一段段意可知“存着卖掉”（废纸）。

2．C由第二段第三句可知这些钱用来植树、种草。

3．C根据第二段最后一句可推出“许多年以后，沙尘暴现象将会得到缓解”。

4．CJune5th为六月五号。

5．A可用排除法。

根据短文内容可知只有A正确。

二

Twomagazinesrecentlylistedthebestcitiestolivein．Herearetwoofthe

citieslistedas"theworld'sbest"．

SANJOSE，COSTARICA．Thecityhascomfortableweatherallyearround（15℃to26℃）．HousingisnotveryexpensiveinSanJose．Also，manyofthecity'solderneighborhoodsareverybeautifulandhavesmallhotelsandcafes（咖啡馆）．Beautifulmountainsarearoundthecity．YoucanvisitthemeasilyfromSanJose．Solotsofpeoplegosightseeingthereeveryyear．Butairpollutionisaprobleminthecitycenter．

HONGKONG，CHINAThislivelycity—onceasmallfishingvillage—istodayaninternationalbusinesscenter．ItisaninterestingmixofEastandWest，oldandnew．Moderntallbuildingsarenexttosmalltemples（庙宇）．Popularnightclubsareclosetotraditionalteahouses．Busypeoplefillthestreetsatallhoursoftheday．Butoutsidethecity，thereareparksforwalkingorrelaxing．HongKongisfamousforitswonderfulnativedishes．There'salsofoodfromEurope，NorthAmerica，andotherpartsofAsia．However，thissmallcityhasalargepopulation．NearlysevenmillionpeopleliveinHongKong!

That'swhyhousingisoftenveryexpensive．Trafficandairpollutionarealsoproblems．

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

（）1．WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedaboutSanJose?

A．Theweather．

B．Themountains．

C．Theair．

D．Thetraffic．

（）2．ThewriterthinkshousinginHongKongisexpensivebecause_______．

A．itwasasmallfishingvillage

B．itisamixofEastandWest

C．itisfamousforitswonderfulfood

D．therearetoomanypeopleinthecity

（）3．whatdothetwocitieshaveincommon（有共同之处）?

A．Theybothhavebeautifulmountains．

B．Theybothhavealargepopulation．

C．Airpollutionisaprobleminboth．

D．Theyarebothcrowded．

（）4．_______arearoundthecityofSANJOSE．

A．Smallhotels

B．Smallcafes

C．Beautifulmountains

D．Olderneighborhoods

（）5．Nearly_______peopleliveinHongKong!

A．70000B．700000C．7000000D．70000000

答案：

1．D纵观第二段对城市SANJOSE的介绍，只有D没有提到。

2．D根据倒数第一段倒数二、三句可知原因是人多。

3．C由于第二段和第三段最后一句都提到了airpollution，故这是它们的共同之处。

4．C根据第二段第四句Beautifulmountainsarearoundthecity．可知。

5．C由于sevenmillion为七百万，故答案为C。

三

Ican'trememberwhenIstartedcollectinglitter（垃圾）．ButitwaswhenIgottiredofseeinglitternearmyhomeandrealizedthatnooneelsewasgoingtopickitup．

IliveclosetoaforestinOhio，America．Icanwalkthereinthreeminutes!

Iusedtolovegoingtheretoplaywithmydog．ButonedaytherewassomuchlittertherethatIbecameveryunhappy．Idecidedtocleanuptheforest．Iwantedtofeelhappygoingthereagain．

Imademyfirsttriptocleantheforestthatafternoon．Itookabigblackrubbishbagwithme．Tenminutesafterstartingtopickuplitter，mybagwasfull!

Ithadcans，bottles，brokenglassandnewspapersinit．

Sincethatfirsttripthreeyearsago，I'vegonetotheforestfourtimesayeartopickuplitter．I'moftenthereforthreehours．Itmakesmefeelgreattodosomethingfortheenvironment．

Aftereachtrip，IlookatallthelitterI'vefound．Ifanyofitisrecyclable（可回收的），Ikeepit．Ican'tunderstandwhypeopledroplitter．ButIwillkeeppickingitupuntiltheystopdroppingit．

IknowIcanonlydoasmallbittohelptheearth，butIstillthinkitisimportant．

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

（）1．Whendidthewriterbegintocollectlitter?

A．Whenhewasveryyoung．

B．Afterhishomemovedtoanewplace．

C．Whenherealizednooneelsewasgoingtopickitup．

DAfterheleftschool．

（）2．Thewriterlives_______．

A．inaforest

B．nearaforest

C．farawayfromaforest

D．inaplacewithmuchlitter

（）3．Thewritercollectslitter_______．

A．inordertomakemoney

B．inordertomakefun

C．inordertogetaprize

D．inordertomaketheplaceclean

（）4．Thewritercollectslitter_______．

A．intheforest

B．inthestreet

C．inthepark

D．intheschool

（）5．Fromthepassageweinfer（推断）_______．

A．thewriterwillgooncollectinglitter

B．theenvironmentwillbemorebeautifulifeveryonetrieshisbesttoprotectit

C．thewriteralwayscollectsalotoflitter

D．thewriterthinkshedoesagreatthing

答案：

1．C根据第一段第二句可判断。

2．B由第二段开头一句“IliveclosetoaforestinOhio，America．”可知，其中close意为neat。

3．D根据第二段最后两句可知他捡拾垃圾是为了使那个地方保持干净。

4．A纵观全文可知是在森林。

5．B由于这里是问能推断出什么，选项A和D都在文中提及，故不用推断。

C项说法不符文意。

四

Thinkofallthethingsyouthrowaway：

juicebottles，sodacans，candycovers．Itaddsup．Howmuchrubbishdoyouproduce?

Americansthrowawayabout1tonofrubbishperpersoneveryyear．That's2000poundsofrubbish!

Mostoftherubbishgetscoveredinbigholesintheroundcalledlandfills（垃圾掩埋法）．

Alotofthisrubbishcanberecycled，orturnedbacktosomethinguseful．Themainthingswerecycletodayaremadefrommetal，paper．

Peoplerecycleformanyreasons．Oneofthemainreasonsistoprotectresources（资源）．Makingnewcansoutofoldonesmeanslessaluminum（铝）isneededfornewcans．

Thisleadstoasecondreasonpeoplerecycle：

itsavesenergy．Recyclingoldaluminumcanstakemuchlessenergythanmakingnewaluminum．Tomakenewaluminum，youneedtominemetalore（矿石）fromtheground，removeit，andrefineit，intoafinishedmetal．

Recyclingalsoprotectsvaluableland．Byrecycling，weproducelessrubbish．Thatmeansfewerlandfillsareneededfordroppingourrubbish．

Becausemetalsaresomewhatcostlytomake，theyaretheworld'smostrecycledmaterials．Abouttwo-thirdsofallsteel（钢）isrecycled．

Almostalldrinkcansaremadeofaluminum．Americansrecycleaboutone-thirdoftheirusedaluminumcans．Emptycansaresenttospecialfactories．There，theyarecleaned，melted，andmadeintonewpiecesofaluminu