届甘肃省张掖市高三第三次诊断考试英语试题及答案.docx
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届甘肃省张掖市高三第三次诊断考试英语试题及答案
甘肃省张掖市2018届高三第三次诊断考试
英语试题
注意事项:
1.本卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷两部分,答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置。
2.本卷满分120分。
考试用时100分钟。
3.答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相应的位置,试卷上答题无效。
第一卷
第一部分:
阅读理解
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Allpeopleneedtosleep.Sleepisanecessaryprocessthatpromotesproperbodyfunctioningandcanimprovethequalityofyourlife.Notonlyisthequantityofsleepimportant,butalsothequalityofsleep.
Yourbedroomshouldbeshapedtoyourtasteandallowyoutosleepinapeacefulenvironment.Oneofthebiggestmistakespeoplemakeintheirsleepistousetheirbedroomforactivitiesotherthansleep.Ifyourbedroomalsofunctionsasacommandstationforyourlifeandwork,thelikelihoodofyoursleepingbeingpoorisratherhigh.Bedroomsshouldbedesigned,decoratedandusedforsleepmainly.TVs,computersandotherthingsshouldnotbeinyourbedroomifatallpossible.
Establishingregularsleepingandwakingtimescanhelpimprovethequalityofyoursleepespeciallyforthosesufferingfromsleeplessness.Avoidhotfood,caffeine,sugarandalcoholatleast4to6hoursbeforeyoursleeptime.Developaregularexerciseprogram.Properexerciseandnutritionwillhelpimprovesleepingpatterns.However,avoidexercising2hoursbeforesleeping,sincethismaystimulateyourbodyandmakesleepingmoredifficult.
Establishapre-bedtimerulethatwillhelpyoufocusonsleep.Youcantrydeepthought,readingordeepbreathingandrelaxation.Yourbedtimeruleshouldbeyours.Donotworryaboutitfittingintoaspecificcategory.Dowhatisbestforyou.
Thingssuchasroomtemperature,noiseandlightlevelsandevenyourbedmattress(床垫)canhavealotofeffectonthequalityofsleepthatyouexperience.Blockoutdistractingnoisesandlights.Youareinyourbedroomtosleepandnotbedistractedbyenvironmentalinterferences.
1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.HowtoDealwithSleepProblems
B.WhatistheProcessofSleep
C.WhereShouldWeSleep
D.HowtoimproveSleepQuality
2.Accordingtotheauthor,
A.Thebedroomhasmanyfunctionsthanexpected
B.Computerscanmakepeoplesleepfast
C.Thebedroomisbetterusedonlyforsleep
D.Amusementsareforbiddeninthebedroombylaw.
3.Ifyouhavesleepproblems,
A.Awell-decoratedbedroomisimportanttoyou
B.You’dbetterhavesteadysleepingandwakingtime
C.Coldfoodandsugararegoodforyou
D.Youneedproperexercisejustbeforesleep
4.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis
A.agoodsleepenvironmentcontributestogoodsleep
B.blindinglightscanmakeforagoodsleep
C.bedmattressplaysakeypartinsleep
D.distractedpeoplearesleepless
B
InEnglishthespellingofwordsdoesnotalwaysrepresentthesound.Sopeoplesay/rait/butspellitrightorwrite,orevenrite.Combinationsoflettersmaybepronouncedinmanyways.Andsomewordsjustseemtohavetoomanyletters.
ForAmericansthingsarealittlebiteasier,thankstotheworkofNoahWebster,ateacherwhograduatedfromYaleUniversityin1778.Asayoungman,hehadfoughtagainsttheBritishintheAmericanWarofIndependence,andhefeltthatwrittenEnglishinthenewlyindependentUnitedStatesshouldhaveadistinctiveAmericanlook.
SohebeganhisworkonAmericanEnglish.Hisfirstbook,TheElementarySpellingBook,suggestedsimplifyingthespellingofEnglishwords.Thebookwasextremelypopular.Bythe1850s,itwassellingonemillioncopiesayear,makingitoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.
Manyofthesuggestionswerequicklyadopted.Centerinsteadofcentre,programinsteadofprogramme,andflavorinsteadofflavour.Others,however,suchasremovingsilentletterslikesinislandorthefinaleinexamine,werenot.
WebsterisbestknownforhisAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishlanguage,whichfirstappearedin1828.ItintroducedlotsofnewAmericanwords,withinformationabouttheirpronunciationanduse,and,ofcourse,thenewspelling.TheBritishcriticizedthedictionary,butitquicklybecameastandardreferencebookintheStates.Today,Webster'sdictionaryisstillthenumberonedictionaryforAmericanstudents.
5.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Websterandhisbestsellers.
B.BritishandAmericanEnglish.
C.ThehistoryofAmericanEnglish.
D.Themanwhomadespellingsimple.
6.Whichistherightorderaccordingtothetext?
①WebstergraduatedfromYaleUniversity.
②AmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishlanguagecameout.
③Webster'sbookwassellingonemillioncopiesayear.
④WebstertookpartintheAmericanWarofIndependence.
A.②①③④B.③①②④C.④①③②D.①②③④
7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Allthespellingofwordsdoesnotrepresentthesound.
B.TheElementarySpellingBookwaspublishedinthe1850s.
C.Webster'ssuggestionswereacceptedcompletely.
D.Webster'sdictionaryisthebestallovertheworld.
8.WhatattitudedotheBritishhavetowardsWebster'sdictionary?
A.Theythoughthighlyofit.
B.Theyfoundfaultwithit.
C.Theyarguedbitterlyaboutit.
D.Theyfollowedtheexamplesofit.
C
TheCouchSurfingnetworkisanonlinecommunitystretchingacrosstheglobewithoveroneandahalfmillionmembers.Thebasicconceptistoprovideaplatformfortravelerstocontactpeoplewhoarewillingtoputthemupfreeofcharge.Travelersconnectwithpotentialhostsonlineand,iftheylikeeachother,exchangedetailstomakefartherarrangements.
BasilisonetravelerfromSwitzerlandwhoiscurrentlycouchsurfingwithaChinesehostinBeijing."IthoughtstayinginhostelisnicebutyoumostlymeetforeignersandspeakEnglish.IfyouuseCouchSurfingyouhavechancetomeetpeoplelivinghereandreallygetachancetoknowthelifeoftheplaceyouvisit."BasilwasspeakingduringaregularmeetingofBeijingnetworkofCouchSurfingwithamembershipofalmost2,000.
Althoughsomepeoplemayhaveconcernsaboutmeetingcompletestrangersandgivingthemfullaccesstoyourhouse,BeijinggroupmemberFredSharpfromCaliforniasaysthattheCouchSurfingcommunityisonethatgenerallyattractstrustworthypeople.
"Ihaveneverhadaproblemwithguests.I'dsaythatthisCouchSurfingcommunityworldwideisafairlytrustworthycommunitylikeIsay,alwaysbecautious,makesurethatyoureadeveryone'sprofilethatyou'reconsideringhosting,andifitdoesn'tfeelrightjustsay'no',it'sOK."
OriginallylaunchedintheUSasanon-profitorganizationin2004,CouchSurfingisgrowingfastacrosstheworld.Chinaisnoexceptionwitharound30,000membersandhundredsmoresigningupeachweek.OneofthemisBeijingresidentHaiYanwhojoinedinNovember2009.Shesaysthefirsttimeshehostedaguestwasaverypositiveexperience."MyfirstguestwasfromItaly.Hewasverykindandhelpful.HeboughtmeapresentfromItaly,ahandbag.It'safamousbrand!
"
Astheorganizationgrowsfromstrengthtostrength,hotelownersacrosstheworldwillbewatchingverycloselyandpossiblythinkingtwiceaboutraisingtheirpricestoohigh.
9.TheCouchSurfingnetworkisintendedto__________.
A.offertravelersconveniencetofindsuitablehostsforfreeaccommodations
B.providepeoplewithaplatformtocontacteachother
C.findpotentialhostswhowanttosupplytravelerswithcouches
D.givereliableinformationabouthotels
10.AccordingtoFredSharp,______________.
A.couchsurferscanfullyrelyonCouchSurfingcommunity
B.CouchSurfingcommunityenablesyoutomeetdifferentpeople
C.CouchSurfingcommunityistrustedbyallcouchsurfers
D.Hostsmayformajudgmentoncouchsurfersandmakeafinaldecision
11.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________________.
A.CouchSurfinghasalonghistory
B.HaiYanissatisfiedwithherhost
C.CouchSurfingisgettingpopularinChina
D.BasilworksattheBeijingNetwork
12.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhathotelswill___________.
A.bereplacedbytheorganizationB.probablynotchargetoomuch
C.notconsiderraisingtheirpricesD.shownoconcernabouttheorganization
D
WikipediaTheOnlineKnow-It-All
Ifyouwanttofindoutapieceofinformationaboutanything,thebestplacetosearchforitisWikipedia.Thename“Wikipedia”isfromtheHawaiianwordwiki,meaning“quick”.Thisonlineencyclopedia(百科全书)iswrittenbythousandsofpeoplearoundtheworld.AnyonewithInternetaccesscanwrite,addormakechangestoWikipediaarticlesifheorshefindsitincorrectornotwellwritten.Inthisway,peoplewhoknowalotaboutacertainsubjectcanwriteaboutiteveniftheyarenotuniversityprofessors.ButcontributionscannotdamageWikipediabecausemanyexperiencededitorsarewatchingpagesandtechies(技术专家)canwriteeditingprogramstokeeptrackoforcorrectbadedits.Wheretherearedisagreementsonhowtopresentfacts,editorsworktogethertoarriveatanarticlethatfairlyrepresentscurrentexpertopiniononthesubject.
Wikipediaisquitedifferentfrompaper-basedreferencesourcesinimportantways.Unlikeprintedencyclopedias,itiscontinuallycreatedandupdated,witharticlesonhistoriceventsappearingwithinminutes,ratherthanmonthsoryears.
What’smore,Wikipediaincludesarticleswritteninabout285languages.ThisfactmakesitoneofthefewwebsitesontheInternetthataretrulyinternational.Itwasstartedin2001byLarrySangerandJimmyWales,asafreeonlineEnglish-languageencyclopediaproject.Sinceitscreation,ithasgrownrapidlyintooneofthelargestreferencewebsites,attractingnearly500 millionuniquevisitorsmonthly.Therearemorethan77,000 a