必修一Unit4Earthquakes单词语言点语法项目及练习.docx

必修一Unit4Earthquakes单词语言点语法项目及练习.docx

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必修一Unit4Earthquakes单词语言点语法项目及练习

必修一Unit4Earthquakes

Wordusage

1.shake1）v.（shook,shaken）

to（causeto）moveupanddownorfromsidetosidewithquickshortmovements.2）n.[Cusuallysing.]anactofshaking

Thehouseshookwhentheearthquakestarted.

Shakethebottlebeforetakingthemedicine.

Hecameforwardandshookmebythehand.=Hecameforwardandshookhandswithme.

Hewasshakingwithanger.

Sheanswered“no”withashakeofthehead.

2.rise1）vi.（rose,risen）tomovefromalowertoahigherlevelorposition;goup2）n.[C（in）]anincreaseinquantity,price,demandetc.

Thesunhasnotyetrisen.

Thepopulationofthecityhasrisentofivemillion.

Heroseandlefttheroom.

Therewillbeariseinunemploymentnextyear.

There’sbeenasharpriseinthecostofliving.

2.pondn.anareaofstillwatersmallerthanalake,especiallyonethathasbeenartificiallymade

Somecattleweredrinkingatthepond.

Therearesomefishlivinginthepond.

Whenanearthquakeiscoming,fishwilljumpoutofponds.

3.burst1）v.to（causeto）breakopenorbreakapartsuddenlyandviolently,usuallyasaresultofpressurefromwithinandoftencausethecontentstobecomewidelyscattered.

2）n.anactofresultofbursting;（of）asuddenshortperiodofgreatactivity,loudnoise,strongfeeling;outbreak

Theballoonburst.

Aftertendaysofraintheriverburstitsbanks.

Aburstofhand-clappingfollowedtheendingofthesong.

4.canaln.anartificialstretchofwaterduginthegroundtoallowshipsorboatstotravelalong

it,ortobringwatertoorremovewaterfromanarea

Coalusedtobesentherebycanal.

Canalshavebeenbuilttoirrigatethedesert.

ThePanamaCanaljoinstwooceans.

5.steamn.[U]1）waterinthestategasproducedbyboiling

2）poweroreffortproducedbysteamunderpressure,andusedformakingthingsworkormove

Whoinventedthesteamengine?

Steamwasusedtobethepowerofatrain.

Thereissteamburstingfromthathole.

6.ruin1.n.a）[U]thecauseorstateofdestructionanddecay

b）[C]abuildingthathasbeenbadlydamagedordestroyed

2.vt.a）tospoilorcompletelydestroyapersonorthing

b）tocausesomeonetolossalltheirmoney

Thetemplehasfallenintoruin.

Wevisitedtheruinsofthetemple.

Theheavyrainruinedourholiday.

Thehurricaneruinedallthehouseshere.

Thefloodruinedthecrops.

IfIlosemylawsuit（官司）,thecostwillruinme.

7.injurevt.tocausephysicalharmto（apersonoranimal）,especiallyinanaccident;hurtseriously;todamage

IhopeIdidn'tinjureherfeelings.

Hisbackwasinjured.

Twopeoplewerekilledandsevenwereinjured.

Hisreputationwillbebadlyinjuredbytheviciousrumour.

8.destroyvt.todamagesthsoseverelythatitcannotberepaired;putanendtotheexistenceof;ruin

Afiredestroyedthehouse.

Whathesaiddestroyedourlasthope.

Allhopesofpeacefulsettlementweredestroyedbyhisspeech.

9.brickn.[C,U]1）ahardpieceofbakedclayusedforbuilding

2）sth.intheshapeofabrick

Theyusedyellowbrickstobuildthehouse.

Thetowerismadeofbricks.

Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.

10.uselessadj.notofanyuse

Thisknifeissoblunt.It’suseless.

Irealizeditwasuselesstoreasonwithhim.

Iwasuselessatmaths.=Mymathsisverypoor.

11.shock1）n.a）[C,U]aviolentforcefromsthsuchasexplosion,acrashorahardblow

b）[C,U]thefeelingyougetaftersthunexpectedandusuallyveryunpleasanthassuddenlyhappened,oryouhavereceivedanunexpectedpieceofnews

c）thepoormedicalconditionofsomeonewhohasanaccidentandwhoseheartandlungsarenotworkingproperly

2）v.tomakesomeonefeelveryupset,angry,orunpleasant

EarthquakeshocksareoftenfeltinJapan.

Thenewsofhisdeathwasashocktous.

Thetrafficaccidentsenthimintoastateofshock.

Theywereshockedbyherrudeness.

Wewereshockedbyhissuddendeath.

12.rescuev.tosavesomeoneorsthfromharmordanger

Herescuedthreechildrenfromtheburningbuilding.

Thelifeboatwassentouttorescuethesailorsfromthesinkingship.

Theboywasrescuedafterhoursatsea.

13.disastern.[C,U]asuddeneventcausesgreatlossorharm

Wewereallshockedbythedisaster.

Theearthquakeisoneoftheworstnaturaldisastersthecountryhaseversuffered.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.

14.organizev.toplanandarrangeanevent;toarrangethingsinasensibleorder

We'llorganizeanoralEnglishcontest.

Thestoryisverywellorganized.

Theyorganizedthetruckersintoaunion.

15.shelter1）n.a）[U]protection,especiallyfrombadweatherordangerb）abuildingthatprotectsyoufromweatherordanger.

2）vt.toprotectsomeoneorsthfrombadweatherordanger;

vi.tostayinaplaceinordertobeprotectedfrombadweatherordanger

Theumbrellaisapoorshelterfromheavyrain.

Theirimmediateneedisforfood,clothingandshelter.

Thewallshelteredusfromthewind.

Shewasaccusedofshelteringamurderer.

ShewadshelteredbytheUSA.

Intherainpeoplewereshelteringinthedoorwaysofshops.

16.freshadj.1）newanddifferent（onlybeforeanoun）;2）recentlypicked,caught,producedandthereforeingoodcondition（usedoffood）;3）clean,coolandpleasant

Theybuyfreshmeat.

Thiskindoffishlivesinfreshwater.

Sheisfreshfromuniversity.

Sheisquitefreshtoofficework.

17.percentn.partsforeach100

Thebankhasincreaseditsinterestratebyonepercent.

Overninetypercentoftheislandershereareilliterate.

Hespendsalargepercentofhisincomeonfoodanddrink.

18.speechn.1）[C]aformaltalktoagroupoflisteners

2）[U]theabilitytospeakortheactofspeaking

3）[U]wayofspeaking

Thechairmanmadeanopeningspeech.

Sheisresearchingspeechdevelopmentinchildren.

Weexpressourthoughtsbyspeech.

ByyourspeechIcantellyou'refromHongKong.

19.judge1）vi.&vt.todecidewhoorwhatisthewinnerinacompetition

2）[vt.+that]toformorgiveanopinionaboutsomeoneorsthaftercarefulthought

judgingfrom,judgingby…

3）n.apublicofficialwhohasthepowertodecidequestionsbroughtbeforeacourtoflaw;apersonwhohastheknowledgeandexperiencetogiveanopinionaboutthevalueofsth

Youcan'tjudgeabookbyitscover.

Heisgoingtojudgethefirstrace.

Wemustjudgewhetherheisguilty.

Theprisonerwastakenbeforethejudge.

Hewasoneofthejudgesatthehorserace.

20.honour1）n.a）[U]greatrespectandadmiration

b）[sing]sththatbringsgreatrespectandpride

2）v.toshowrespecttosb.ortopraisesb.publicly

Wefightforthehonorofourcountry.

Heisanhonortoourschool.

Childrenshouldbetaughttoshowhonortotheirelders.

Hehonorshisteachers.

20.prepare1）vt.tomakesth.readyforafutureeventoraction

2）vi.togetreadytodosth.

Theypreparedthemselvesfortheworst.

Whenwearrivedhome,motherhadalreadyprepareddinnerforus.

IwaspreparingforbedwhenIheardaknockatthedoor.

Usefulexpressions

1.rightaway

atonce;innotime;immediately

Iwillreturnthebookrightaway.

Iamgettingintouchwithhimrightaway.

Weareabouttostartrightaway.

2.end

1）atanend

finish;over

Itseemsthattheworldwasatenend.

2）bring…toanend＝putanendto…

　IwonderhowIcanbringthedisputetoanend.

　　＝IwonderhowIcanputanendtothedispute.

3）cometoanend

Themeetingcametoanendatmidnight.

4）attheendof…

　　Attheendoftheroadthereisashop.

5）bytheendof…

HowmanyEnglishwordshaveyoulearnedbytheendoflastterm?

6）intheend=atlast;finally

Hewillbeascientistintheend.

3.digout

1）togetsthoutofaplace,usingaspadeoryourhands

2）tofindsthyouhavenotseenforalongtime,orthatisnoteasytofind

Let’sdigouttheroots.

Whydidyoudigoutallthoseoldmagazines?

Wemustdigthetruthoutofhim.

4.a（good\great\large）numberof+n.（pl.）

many;alargequantityof;alotof

Agoodnumberofstudentsarenotinterestedinmodernart.

I’veseenthefilmanumberoftimes.

TheGreatWallattractsagreatnumberofforeigntouristseveryday.

thenumberof…

Thenumberofprivatecollegeshasincreased.

=Privatecollegeshaveincreasedinnumber.

５.　giveout

1）togivesthtoanumberofdifferentpeople,especiallytogiveinformationtopeople

2）toproducelight,heat,asound,agas,smelletc

Youhavenorighttogivemytelephonenumberout.

Studentsweregivingoutleaflets（传单）toeveryoneonthestreet.

Theteachergaveouttheexaminationpapers.

Theradiator（散热器）isgivingoutalotofheat.

与give有关的常用短语还有：

giveaway送掉，捐赠

　　givein让步，屈服

　　giveoff发出（气味、光、热、声音等），此时相当于giveout

giveup　放弃

　　giveback归还

６.　thousandsof

基数词＋s，并不表示确切的具体数字，可以单独使用，也可以先接介词of再接复数名词。

　　　TherearethousandsofpeopleintheparkonMayDay.

Thousandsofpeoplediedofhunger.

Mr.Smithgavethousandsofbookstotheschool.

注意：

tensofthousandsof数以百万计的

hundredsofhundredsof　成百上千的

hundredsofthousandsof　数十万的

millionsof数百万的

一、单词拼写

1.Olderstudentswerehavingdifficultyinstudyingando_________themselves.

2.Thatplaceisdirtyands_________.

3.Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandb________.

4.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthed_________wouldlast.

5.F_________waterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.

6.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasd__________.

7.Therailwaytrackswerenowu_______piecesofsteel.

8.Without_________（电），modernlifewouldbeverydifficult.

9._____