Reveal the Reason of Social Corruption through Vanity Fair 通过名利场揭示社会腐败的原因.docx

Reveal the Reason of Social Corruption through Vanity Fair 通过名利场揭示社会腐败的原因.docx

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RevealtheReasonofSocialCorruptionthroughVanityFair通过名利场揭示社会腐败的原因

RevealtheReasonofSocialCorruptionthroughVanityFair

通过名利场揭示社会腐败的原因

摘要

《名利场》是19世纪著名批判现实主义家威廉·梅克皮斯·萨克雷的代表作。

小说中塑造了各式各样的人物，自私和虚伪充斥整篇小说。

通过分析人物，我们可以得出这样的结论：

19世纪的英国社会已经腐败。

本文认为社会腐败首先源于社会经济的迅速发展，巨大的财富是滋生社会腐败的物质基础。

其次在于社会主流文化的导向作用，健康向上的主流社会文化能够有效抑制负面文化的滋生。

第三是社会生活中人们的精神态度，这里的精神态度指的是人们对主流文化的主观能动作用，即人们是否推存社会主流文化。

关键词：

萨克雷社会腐化主流文化

【Abstract】

RevealtheReasonofSocialCorruptionthroughVanityFair

VanityFairisthefamouscriticalrealismmasterpieceofWilliamMakepeaceThackerayinthe19thcentury.Thackeraycreatedawidevarietyofcharactersinthenovel;mostofthepeoplewerefullofselfishandhypocrisy.Byanalyzingthecharacters,wecancometothisconclusion:

Thereasonsofthesocietycorrupted.Therearethreereasonsforsocialcorruption.Firstly,rapiddevelopmentofsocialeconomy,greatwealthisthematerialbasisforsocialcorruption.Thesecondone,thedirectionofmainstreamculture,ahealthymainstreamculturecaneffectivelyinhibitthenegativeculture.Thelastone,people’smentalstateinsociallife,mentalstateherereferstopeople’ssubjectivedynamic-roletothemainstreamculture,namelywhetherpeoplefollowthemainstreamculture.

【KeyWords】:

Thackeray;socialcorruption;mainstreamculture

TableofContents

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................4

Chapter1SOCIALCORRUPTIONSTUDYOFVANITYFAIRTHROUGHMATERIALDEVELOPMENTANDSOCIALMAINSTREAMCULTURE...................................................................................................................5

1.1TheEffectofMaterialDevelopmenttoSocialCorruption....................................................................................................................5

1.2TheEffectofSocialMainstreamCulturetoSocialCorruption....................................................................................................................5

Chapter2SOCIALCORRUPTINSTUDYOFVANTIYFAIRTHROUGHPEOPLE’SMENTALSTATE........................................................................................................................7

2.1TheMentalStatesofRulingClass..............................................................................................................................7

2.2TheMentalStatesofMiddleClass............................................................................................................................7

2.3TheMentalStatesoftheLowerClass............................................................................................................................8

CONCLUTION...........................................................................................................10

BIBLOGRAPHY.........................................................................................................10

RevealtheReasonofSocialCorruptionthroughVanityFair

INTRUDUCTION

1.TheAuthorofVanityFair

WilliamMakepeaceThackeray（1811-1863）wasbornatCalcutta.Hewasarepresentativeofcriticalrealismin19thcenturywhohasthesamereputationwithCharlesDickensinEngland.Hewasnotonlyagreatrealismwriterbutalsoahumorist.Itcancalledhewasamastermindofhumor.Inhisearlyeducation,anindependentspiritwasinfusedtosmallThackeray,sohewenthisownway,attendingvariousschoolandleavingThinitycollege,Cambridgewithouttakingadegree.HebecameanexperiencedwriterbecauseoftheenvironmentofhelivedandstudiedinIndiaandContinentalEuropeinhisearlyyears,andhisroughdestiny.Thereisnodoubtthatinhisnovel,heexposedseveralmalpracticeinthatsocialandespeciallynoblemananddarknessclimber’smask.HeusedhispentodisclosethedarknessofsocietyandtheVanityFairisavividandsatireembodimentinthattimeandsociety.Ashesaid“Theoriginalofcorruptthehumanmoralityisthewholesociety’sselfish”.VanityFairisMrThackeray’smostimportantwork,ExceptVanityFair,healsohadotherfamousworks.SuchasTheHistoryofHenryEsmond,theFull-lengthnovelsofTheHistoryofPendennis,TheVirginians,theMedium-lengthnovelsofTheluckofBarryLyndon,andtheshortstorycollectionsofTheBookofSnobs.

2.ThePlotofVanityFair

ThetitleofVanityFairwastakenfromBunyan’sPilgrim’sProgress.ItalsocalledANovelwithoutaHero.Thesceneofthestorywasthefirsthalfofthe19thcenturyinEngland.ThenovelopenswithtwogirlsfromtheirschoolonLondonSuburb,wheretheyhadstudyfor6years.OneofthemwasAmalia,thedaughterofawealthyLondonfamily,whodidn’testeemthevaluesofVanityFair.TheotherwasBecky,anorphanwhocaresofnothingelseexceptmoneyandposition.Amaliawasavirtuousandcharminggirl,whowontheloveofeverybodywhocameneartoher,sotheclassmateswerefriendlyandkindlytoher.Asauthorsaid“Herfaceblushedwithrosyhealthy,andherlipshadthefreshestofthesmiles”.Onethecontrary,BeckywassoimpolitethatshethrewoutthedictionarythatMissJemicagaveherasgift.Theyhaddifferentbackgroundoffamily,dispositionandsocialstatusthatcausedthedifferentlife.Whatagreedladywho’sfatherisadiedartist,shepassedallkindsofwaystogetmoneyandposition,andshewantedtoentrythehighersociety,butshedidn’tknowthatthenoisecanonlymakeherselflonelyanddesolated.PurelygirlAmaliafallendeepinlovewithfrivolousofficerandhadbeenabandoned.Eveniftheymarried,theofficeralsodiedinbattle.TheauthorpaintedapictureofVanityFairinrealitylifevividlyanddescribedthedeceit,betrayal,incisivelyanduglybehavior.

Chapter1SocialCorruptionStudyofVanityFairthroughMaterialDevelopmentandSocialMainstreamCulture

Asweallknow,theeconomicisacountry’sbasic,thecultureisanationality’ssoul,socountryornation’sprosperityorcorruptioncannotleavetheeconomicandculture.

1.1TheEffectofMaterialDevelopmenttoSocialCorruption

After1801,theUnitedKingdomwonthefinalwarwithFrancelastingfor14years.BritishRoyalNavycontrolledtheseas.Asweallknow,itcalledmaritimeempire,it’sgoodforinternationaltrade,andduetothegreatdevelopmentofcommercial.UnitedKingdombegantoexpandthescopeoftheBritishcolony,providedcheaprawmaterials,industrialproductsalsoprovidethemajorityofthemarket,createdafavorableenvironmentforindustrialdevelopment.Inthattime,UnitedStatealsowasinIndustrialRevolution.Withnewmachineshelped,theUnitedKingdomcontinuouslyimprovesit’sproductivitywhichisseveraltimesthespeedofdevelopment.IndustrialoutputoftheUKwasalsorisinginthemid-19century,Britishhadbecametheworld’smostadvancedcountry,noothercountrycanreadytocompetewithherinindustrialproduction.

Atthesametime,therapiddevelopmentofindustrialalsopromotethedevelopmentoftheurbanization,andsomelargecitiesappearedandgrownstrongerandstronger,especiallythelargeindustrialcitiesraisedrapidlyandalargenumberofruralpeopleswarmedintocitiestogetbetterlivelihood,theUnitedKingdomwasextremelyrapidprocessofurbanizationruralwayoflifeisgraduallyfadingoutofsight,replacedbyanewlifestyleandphilosophy.

Intheworkwecanseethatthehighlydevelopedeconomy.ItisdevelopmentofeconomythatpavesthewayforBritish,alsoitprovidedthehotbedforthecorruptionofthepeople.

Fortunately,itappearedapersonwhorecordedthechangeanddevelopmentoftheUnitedKingdom.Helivedinthattime,andheknownalotofaboutwhathappenedinthistimeandthiscountry.Hethroughanoveltoexpressthecorruptionofcountry.Inthisnovel,Amelia’sfatherandGeorge’sfatherweregoodfriendsbeforeAmelia’sfatherwentbankrupt.Becauseoftheindustrialrevolution,theybecamericherandricherandforgotwhatistherealmeaningoftherealfriendsintheirlife.Therearetwolargefamiliesinthisnovel,manyclassicalallusionsfrompopularobjectsreflectedthehistoricalbackground,lawsandregulations,socialcustomsandeventheauthor’sartisticintention.

1.2TheEffectofSocialMainstreamCulturetoSocialCorruption

Intheworkwecanseethattheprocessofindustrialization,theindustrialbourgeoisieandtheinterestsoftheworkingclassfromthepastgraduallyevolvedintoantagonisticclasses.IntheIndustrialRevolution,largeindustrialmachinerygraduallyreplacedhandicraftproduction;workershavebecametheaccessoriesofmachine.Maximizeprofitswastheobjectofcapitalists,theydoeverythingpossibletoincreaseworkinghours,increasinglaborintensitywithlowerwageevenifwomen,childrenandoldpeople.Capitalistscannotgiveworkerthenecessarysafety.Poorworkingenvironment,serioushealthhazardsthreatworker’shealthandpersonalsafety.

Marketcompetition,alsocausedalargenumberofthepoor.Tothelate19thcentury,Britainhadnearlyamillionpeopleunemployed.Thedevelopmentofcapitalismcametothefreeheyday,bourgeoisiecontemptforhumanrights,nottotheunemployedandthepoorastheythink,thatpovertyisdueto“personallaziness”,withsuchideas1834,undertheimpetusoftheindustrialbourgeoisie,thegovernmentenacteda“poorlaw”.Thislawestablishedinthecountryworkhouse,wherenosourceofincome,inneedofsocialassistanceisrequiredtoentertheworkhouse,Butthepoorwerestillforcedtodoheavymanuallaborwithextremelypoorlivingconditions.

Thischangedpeople’sidealaboutsociety,peoplebecamemoneyworship,theytrytheirbesttomakemoneyforlife.Moneybecametheonly