A Glossary of Journalism Terms.docx

A Glossary of Journalism Terms.docx

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AGlossaryofJournalismTerms

AGlossaryofJournalismTerms

A

ABC-AuditBureauofCirculations;anorganisationthatauditsnewspapercirculationfigures.

Add-Copytobeaddedtoastoryalreadywritten.

AdobeInDesign-Desktoppublishingprogram,nowbeingusedmorewidelyinplaceofQuarkXPress.

Adimpression-Termusedtodescribethenumberoftimesanadvertisseen.Advertisersusuallysellspacebasedontheexposureperthousandimpressions.ThisiscalledCostperimpression（CPM）.Alternatively,theymightsellonapay-per-click（CPC）basis（alsoknownascost-per-click-CPC）

ADSL-AsymmetricDigitalSubscriberLine;highbandwidthwebconnectionoftenjustcalledbroadband.

Advance-Astoryoutliningafutureevent.Alsomeanstoraisethepriorityofastoryoranupfrontpaymentforwrittenwork,particularlylongarticlesortext.

AllCaps-Awordorsentencewritteninallcapitalletters.

Advertorial-Anadvertintheformofacomplementaryeditorialpiece,usuallylabelledasanadvert.

Analoguetelevision-TVtransmittedinradiowavesasopposedtodigitalTV.

Angle-Theapproachorfocusofastory.Thisissometimesknownasthepeg.

AP-theabbreviationfortheAssociatedPress.

Assignment-Ajobgiventoajournalistbyaneditor.

Astroturfing-Atermusedtodescribefakegrassrootssupportonwebsitesandinblogcomments.Amethodmostusuallyemployedbythepublicrelationsandadvertisingindustryandpoliticalgroups.

Attribute-toquotetheoriginalsourceofmaterial,whetheritbeaquoteofcopyrightedwork.

Audit-Anindependentassessmentofthevalidityofstatisticsusedinadverts,newspapersetc.

AOP-Formedin2002,theAssociationofOnlinePublishersisanindustrybodyforUKwebpublishers.TheAOPrepresentstheinterestsof160publishingcompanies.

Averageissuereadership-Numberofpeoplewhohavereadthenewspaperormagazineintheperiodthatitwasissued,alsoknownasAIR.

B

B2B-Businesstobusiness;describesabusinesswhoseprimarycustomersareotherbusinesses.

B2C-Businesstocustomer;describesabusinesswhoseprimarycustomersareindividuals.

Background-Informationgiventoareportertoexplainmoreaboutthesituationanddetailsofastory.SometimesshortenedtoBG.

Backbench-Seniorjournalistsonanewspaper.

Bandwidth-Theamountofdatathatcanbetransferredthroughaninternetconnection.

Banner–Aheadlineinlargetypeoccupyingthefullwidthofthepage.

Bannerad-Webadvert,normallyfoundatthetopofapage.Typicallyaround468by60pixelsinsize.Sometimescalledawebbanner.

BARB-BroadcastingAudienceResearchBoard,measuresTVaudiencenumbers.

BBC-BritishBroadcastingCorporation.

Beat-Theareaorsubjectthatareporterregularlycovers.

Bestboy-Broadcastingtermforsecond-in-commandofalightingteam.

Blawg-Weblogdealingwithaspectsoflaw.

Bliki-Combinationofablogandawiki;ablogthatcanbeeditedbyreadersoranapprovedgroupofusers.

Blindinterview-Aninterviewwithanunnamedsource.

Blog-Anonlinecommentaryordiaryoftenwrittenbyindividualsabouthobbiesorareasofspecialistinterest.Blogscommonlyallowcommentsbelowentriesandarepublishedinreversechronologicalorder.Alsoknownasaweblog.

Blogger-Apersonwhowritesablog.

Blogosphere/Blogdom/Blogiverse/Blogmos/Blogostan-Allthingsrelatingtoblogsandblogcommunities.

Blurb-Briefintroductiontothewriter,usuallyfollowingtheheadline.

BRAD-BritishRateandData;acompanythatlogseveryperiodicalthathastodowithadvertisinginBritain.

Break-Whenastoryisfirstpublished.Sometimescalledbreakingnews.

Broadcast-communicatingusingradioand/orTV.

Broadsheet-Thelargeconventionalsizeofnewspapers,usuallycarrying10to11columnstothepage.TraditionalformforQualityDailiessuchasTheDailyTelegraph,TheFinancialTimes,TheGuardian,TheIndependentorTheTimes.

Browser-Apieceofsoftwarethatallowsuserstoviewinternetpages.PopularbrowsersincludeFirefox,InternetExplorerandSafari.

Bulks-Copiesdistributedfree,normallyforpromotion.

Bump-Tomovethepositionortimingofastory.

Button-Asmallwebadvertisement,usuallyaround165by90pixelsinsizeandcommonlyfoundintherightorlefthandcolumnsofawebsite.

Byline-Ajournalist’snameatthebeginningofastory.

C

Cabletelevision-TVdeliveredintothehomethroughanundergroundcable.

Campaign-Thevariousstagesofanadvertisingprojectfrombeginningtoend.

Cap-Uppercase.

Caption-Textprintedbelowapictureusedtodescribeitandwhotookit.Sometimescalledacutline.

Cascadingstylesheets（CSS）-Techniqueusedfordesigningwebpages.Onefilethatdefinesthestyleforawholesite.

Chatrooms-Aninteractivepartofawebsitewherevisitorscanwritemessagestoeachotherinrealtime.Alsoknownasforumsandmessageboards.

Churnalism-Badjournalism;journaliststhatchurnoutrewritesofpressreleases.

Centreofvisualinterest（CVI）-Theprominentitemonapageusuallyaheadline,pictureorgraphic.

CIOJ-theCharteredInstituteofJournalists.

Circulation-Numberofcopiessoldbynewspapersormagazines.IntheUKthesefiguresaremonitoredbyABC-TheAuditBureauofCirculations.

Citizenjournalism-Termusedtodescribethereportingofnewseventsbymembersofthepublicmostcommonlyonblogsandsocialnetworkingwebsites.Othertermsincludeparticipatoryjournalismandnetworkedjournalism.

Classifiedadvertising-Advertisingplacedbyindividualsinnewspapersunderaspecialclassification.Sometimescalledsmallads.

Clickthrough-Whenareaderclicksonanadvertandisredirectedtoanewpage.AdvertiserssometimesbuyadvertsbasedonarateperclickcalledaClick-throughrateorCTR.

Closedquestion-Asimpleyes/noquestionthatdoeslittletoencourageanintervieweetoopenup.

Column-Aregularfeatureoftenonaspecifictopic,writtenbythesamepersonwhoisknownasacolumnist.

CompactQualityDaily-

Contemptofcourt-Thecriminaloffenceofignoringcourtrules.

Convergence-Thetermusedtodescribemultimedianewsroomsproducingnewsfordifferentpublishingplatforms.

Cookie-Smalltextfilethatisdownloadedtoyourcomputerwhenyouvisitasite.Thenexttimeyouvisit,thesitecanusethefiletorememberdetailssuchasyourlogininformation.

Copy-Maintextofastory.

Copyapproval-Asourceorintervieweraskingtoseethetextofanarticlepriortopublication.（Alwaysdiscouraged!

）

Copywriting-Creatingthetextforanadvertisement.

Coverline-Captionsonamagazinecover.

Coverstory-Leadingstoryusedonfrontcover.

CPM-costperthousandimpressions.Thisisthecostanadvertiserpaysfor1,000pageviews.TheMinCPMistheRomannumeralfor1,000.

CrossheadorCrossHeading-Afewwordsusedtobreakuplargeamountsoftext,normallytakenfromthemaintext.Typicallyusedininterviews.

Cub-Atraineereporter.Alsoknownasarookieorjuniorreporter.

Cut-Toremovetext.

Cuttings-Ajournalist’scollectionofpublishedprintwork.Alsoknownasclipsandsometimespresentedasaportfolio.

Cuttingsjob-Anarticlewhichhasbeenputtogetherusingresearchculledfromanumberofotherarticlesornewsitems.

Cyber-journalist-Ajournalistthatworksontheinternet.Anonlinejournalist.

D

Dateline-Alineatthebeginningofastorystatingthedateandthelocation.

Deadline-Thetimeatwhichaneditorrequestsajournaliststofinishanassignment.

Death-knock-Callingatthehouseofabereavedrelativeorfriendwhenreportingonthedeath.Alsoknownasdoor-stepping.

Deck-Partoftheheadlinewhichsummarisesthestory.Alsoknownasdeckcopyorbank.

Defamation-Informationthatiswrittenbyonepersonwhichdamagesanotherperson’sreputation.

Digg-Acommunitypoweredinternetlinkrecommendationsystem.Furloffersasimilarservice.

Directquote-Theexactreproductionofaverbatimquoteinquotemarksandcorrectlyattributed.

DHTML-DynamicHTML.Allowsexcitingthingstohappenwhenyoumoveyourmouseoverwords.

Digitaltelevision-TVtransmittedinbinaryformat,producinggoodpicturequality.

Directmarketing-Sendingadvertisingmaterialdirectlytopotentialcustomerseitherbypost,fax,emailorinformationbytelephone.

Dogblogging-Whentheupkeepofaweblogbecomesahassle.

Dowdification-Deliberateomissionofatermortermstochangethemeaningofaquote.ReferstojournalistMaureenDowd.

Download-Copyingafilefromawebsitetoyourowncomputer.

Draft-Thefirstversionofanarticlebeforeeditingandsubmissiontotheeditor.

Dropdownmenus-Namegiventowebsitemenusthatallowuserstoselectfromalistofoptionsthatdropdowninaverticalmenu.

DPS-Double-pagespread;canalsobereferredtoasaspread.

E

e-Oftenusedtoindicateanelectronicversionofsomething,forexampleeNews,foranelectronicnewsletter,oreGovernment,todescribeelectronicgovernmentoreZinetodescribeanelectronicmagazine.

Editor-Someonewhopreparesmaterialforprintorbroadcast.

Editorialise-Towriteinanopinionatedway.

Encryption-TVsignalsencodedsoonlypayingsubscriberscanwatch.

Endnote-Textwrittenattheendofanarticlestatingtheauthorscredentials.

eTail-Onlineor‘electronic’retail.

Exclusivity-Whenanadvertappearsexclusivelyonapage,ratherthanbeinginrotationwithotherads.

eZine-Specializedonlinemagazines.

F

Feature-Alonger,morein-deptharticle.

Fisk-Detailedword-by-wordanalysisandcritiqueof