英语专业八级考试阅读理解练习.docx

英语专业八级考试阅读理解练习.docx

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英语专业八级考试阅读理解练习

英语专业八级测验浏览懂得演习

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinotherrespectsappeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence–asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandherdertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother'sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:

itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation."Talk,talk,talk,"theadvocatesofviolencesay,"allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser."It'sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser."Possible,mylord,"thebarristerreplied,"nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed."Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:

theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

[A] AdvocatingViolence.

[B]ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

[C]ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.

[D]TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus

[A]violenceneversolvesanything. [B]nothing. [C]thebloodshedmeansnothing. [D]everything.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen

[A]can'tgetahearing. [B]arelookeddownupon. [C]arepersecuted. [D]Havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement.

4."Hewasnonethewiser"means

[A]hewasnotatallwiseinlistening.

[B]Hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore.

[C]Hegainsnothingafterlistening.

[D]Hemakesnosenseoftheargument.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis

[A]lawenforcement. [B]knowledge. [C]nonviolence. [D]Moppinguptheviolentmess.

难句译注：

1.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespairistherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.

【构造简析】whenitcomestothecrunch=when/ifthedecisivemomentcomes.当症结时刻来到时.

【参考译文】真正令人可怖的,令人掉望的是,在症结时刻,人们意识到我们一点儿也没有提高/进步.

2.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.

【构造简析】inthewakeof在…之后.

【参考译文】因为我们不克不及不清算掉落暴力之后所留下的烂摊子,我们的力气是以减弱了.

3.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.

【构造简析】none+the+比较级.固定用法,义：

notatall一点儿也不.EX:

Afterthetreatment,heisnonethebetter.治疗后,他并没有是以见好,（一点儿也不见好）.

【参考译文】听了律师的长篇解释,法官抱怨说他一无所得,其实不是以变得愚蠢些.

4.Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom.

【参考译文】常识是愚蠢的须要的先决前提.联合高低文这里意思是：

懂得情形是解决问题的先决前提.句子后面的解释：

常识是指懂得它欲以解决暴力制作的罪行.

答案详解：

1.B暴力难以清除种族成见.文章一开端就提出有些国度种族成见轻微,而暴力倒是公认的一种解决办法.白人采取暴力镇压,黑人以防火.掠抢为对抗.而两边的大人物镇静地论及暴力,似乎这是一种正当的解决筹划.作者就此指出人类的提高只在于概况――服饰等,人类的本性没有转变.全部有记载汗青的文件没有教会人类任何器械.这是真正令人恐怖的事宜.第二段论及真正有理智的懂得解决筹划地点的人宣传法制,人们不断.他们反而收到歧视.危害.作者就此提出假设,答出真正的解决筹划嗜法制,以法治理.

第三段进一步解释“交换.对话”是懂得两边问题的前提,即使暴力者不合意,但知道暴力制作它伪装要解决的罪行,是愚蠢愚蠢的须要前提.

A.宣传暴力.C.两边主要人物都把暴力作为正当的解决筹划.D.人类的赋性是嗜暴性.

2.B没有什么.第一段中就明白提出整小我类有记载汗青又长又臭的暴力文件记载,一点都没有教给我们任何器械.

A.暴力解决不了任何工作.C.屠杀（流血）没有任何意义.D.一切.

3.D在宣传法制方面有艰苦.答案在第二段,真正有理智的人宣传法制,遭到同类们的歧视.不信赖和危害.他们发明要人倾听他们的看法越来越艰苦.

A.人们不听.B.遭人歧视.C.遭人危害.这三项都包含在D项内.

4.C听后无所得.Nonethewiser一点也不比以前愚蠢（这是按字面翻译）.现实就是C项.

A.在倾听他人上他一点也不愚蠢.B.他和以前一个样.D.他听不懂论点.

5.A法制.第二段最后一句,假如我们在司法的构架中进行工作,真正的持久的解决老是能实现的.第二段第二句,他们遭到危害是因为他们宣传法制这种显然令人不克不及容忍的事.

B.常识.C.非暴力.D.处理暴力带来的凌乱.

Thetouristtradeisbooming.Withallthiscomingandgoing,you'dexpectgreaterunderstandingtodevelopbetweenthenationsoftheworld.Notabitofit！

Superbsystemsofcommunicationbyair,seaandlandmakeitpossibleforustovisiteachother'scountriesatamoderatecost.Whatwasoncethe'grandtour',reservedforonlytheveryrich,isnowwithineverybody'sgrasp？

Thepackagetourandcharteredflightsarenottobesneeredat.Moderntravelersenjoyalevelofcomfortwhichthelordsandladiesongrandtoursintheolddayscouldn'thavedreamedof.Butwhat'sthesenseofthismassexchangeofpopulationsifthenationsoftheworldremainbasicallyignorantofeachother？

　　Manytouristorganizationsaredirectlyresponsibleforthisstateofaffairs.Theydeliberatelysetouttoprotecttheirclientsfromtoomuchcontactwiththelocalpopulation.Themoderntouristleadsacosseted,shelteredlife.Helivesatinternationalhotels,whereheeatshisinternationalfoodandsipshisinternationaldrinkwhilehegazesatthenativesfromadistance.Conductedtourstoplacesofinterestarecarefullycensored.Thetouristisallowedtoseeonlywhattheorganizerswanthimtoseeandnomore.Astrictschedulemakesitimpossibleforthetouristtowanderoffonhisown;andanyway,languageisalwaysabarrier,soheisonlytoohappytobeprotectedinthisway.Atitsveryworst,thisleadstoanewandhideouskindofcolonization.Thesummerquartersoftheinhabitantsoftheciteuniversitaire：

aretemporarilyreestablishedontheislandofCorfu.BlackpoolisrecreatedatTorremolinoswherethetravelergoesnottoeatpaella,butfishandchips.

　　Thesadthingaboutthissituationisthatitleadstothepersistenceofnationalstereotypes.Wedon'tseethepeopleofothernationsastheyreallyare,butaswehavebeenbroughtuptobelievetheyare.Youcantestthisforyourself.Takefivenationalities,say,French,German,English,AmericanandItalian.Nowinyourmind,matchthemwiththesefiveadjectives：

musical,amorous,cold,pedantic,native.Farfromprovidinguswithanyinsightintothenationalcharacteristicsofthepeoplesjustmentioned,theseadjectivesactuallyactasbarriers.Sowhenyousetoutonyourtravels,theonlycharacteristicsyounoticearethosewhichconfirmyourpreconceptions.Youcomeawaywiththehighlyunoriginalandinaccurateimpressionthat,say,'Anglo-Saxonsarehypocrites'ofthat'Latinpeoplesshoutalot'.Youonlyhavetomakeafewforeignfriendstounderstandhowabsurdandharmfulnationalstereotypesare.Buthowcanyoumakeforeignfriendswhenthetouristtradedoesitsbesttopreventyou？

　　Carriedtoanextreme,stereotypescanbepositivelydangerous.Wildgeneralizationsstirupracialhatredandblindustothebasicfact〞howtriteitsounds！

每Thatallpeoplearehuman.Weareallsimilartoeachotherandatthesametimeallunique.

　　1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis

　　[A]Tourismcontributesnothingtoincreasingunderstandingbetweennations.

　　[B]Tourismistiresome.

　　[C]Conductedtourisdull.

　　[D]Tourismreallydoessomethingtoone'scountry.

　　2.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtourism？

　　[A]apprehensive.[B]negative.[C]critical.[D]appreciative.

　　3.WhichwordinthefollowingisthebesttosummarizeLatinpeopleshoutalot？

　　[A]silent.[B]noisy.[C]lively.[D]active.

　　4.Thepurposeoftheauthor'scriticismistopointout

　　[A]conductedtourisdisappointing.

　　[B]thewayoftouringshouldbechanged.

　　[C]whentraveling,younoticecharacteristicswhichconfirmpreconception.

　　[D]nationalstereotypesshouldbechanged.

　　5.Whatis'grandtour'now？

　　[A]moderatecost.

　　[B]localsight-seeingisinvestigatedbythetouristorganization.

　　[C]peopleenjoythefirst-ratecomforts.

　　[D]everybodycanenjoythe'grandtour'.

答案详解

　　1.A 旅游对促进平易近族懂得毫无建树.第二段开端点出,很多旅游组织直接负责旅游事宜,他们有意识不让旅游者接触当地居平易近,让他们过着一种关心备至又与世隔断的生涯.住的是国际饭铺,吃的是国际食物,喝的是国际饮料,在原处不雅看当地居平易近.严厉有序的筹划使旅游者难以本身一人闲逛,说话的障碍,又使他们愿意接收呵护.第三段涉及保持平易近族模式化――老一套的设法主意,所以一开端旅游,你见到的平易近族特征就只是证实了你本身假想的根本领实――所有人平易近都是人类.只有交同伙才干知道平易近族模式是何等荒诞.有害,可是观光社竭力禁止,你又怎么能交上外国同伙呢？

这一切解释A项对.

　　B.旅游很累.C.导游不雅光很单调乏味.D.旅游确切对国度有进献.

　　2.C批驳.

　　3.B吵吵闹闹的.

　　4.B旅游的方法应转变.整篇文章（除第一段外）都围绕旅游方法不睬想来进行批驳.第二段分散在导游不雅光使旅游者难以和当地人平易近接触.第三段,见到的只是证实了旅游者本身事先形成的思惟/先入之见,旅游根本达不到懂得对方的目标.第四段讲了平易近族固定模式（先入之见的模式）的恐怖效果.要使人懂得所有的人们都是人类,彼此类似,又各具特色,就得转变旅游的方法.

　　A.导游不雅光令人掉望.C.旅