新外研版必修二Unit 6 Earth first 泛读技能初养成 学案.docx
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新外研版必修二Unit6Earthfirst泛读技能初养成学案
阅读教材P68-69中的材料,选出最佳选项
1.Whatisreallygreen?
A.Papershoppingbagsarebetterthanplasticones.
B.Removethepowerplugsupply,anditstopsusingpower.
C.Eatinglocalfoodisgoodfortheenvironment.
D.It'sbettertotakeashowerthanabath.
2.Whyarepeopleadvisedtotakeareusablebag?
A.Becauseplasticbagscauseenvironmentalproblems.
B.Becauseplasticbagsaredifficulttoproduce.
C.Becausepaperbagsareadangertowildanimals.
D.Becausetheprocessofmakingpaperbagsismorecomplicated.
3.What'sconnectedwithenergysaving?
A.Eatinglocalfood.
B.Eatingtransportfood.
C.Producingfoodbyourselves.
D.Usinglessenergyduringfoodproduction.
4.Whichwayofthefollowingissavingenergy?
A.Tospend8minutestohaveabath.
B.Totakeashowermorethan8minutes.
C.Totrytotakeabathinsteadofashower.
D.Tokeepyourshowertimeasshortaspossible.
[答案] 1-4 BADD
WordsandPhrases
devotev.致力,献身,倾注
(教材P65) Now,sheisamodelandperformanceartistdevoted/devotingtooceanconservation.
现在,她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和行为艺术家。
[例1] Heisdeterminedtodevotehislifetoscience.
他决心把毕生精力贡献给科学事业。
[例2] Iwanttobeateacherverymuchanddevotemyselftoteaching.
我很想当老师,一生致力于教学工作。
[造句] 你必须专心于工作。
Youmustdevoteyourattentiontoyourwork.
[知识拓展]
(1)devoteone'slife/time/energyto(doing)sth.
把某人的生命/时间/精力献给……
devoteoneselfto致力于;献身于;专心于
(2)devotedadj.挚爱的;忠实的
bedevotedto(doing)sth.献身于;专心致志于
(3)devotionn.奉献;忠诚
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Healwaysdevoteshisattentiontohelping(help)thehomelesschildren.
②Devoted(devote)tohisresearch,healmostforgoteverythingabouthimself.
③Weappreciatedhisdevotion(devote)totheproject.
[小片段助记]
Theoldscientistisdevotedtostudyingspace,andthespiritofdevotiondeserveslearningfrom.Hesaidhewouldgoondevotinghimselftothesciencefield.
reserven.(野生生物)保护区;贮存
v.保留;贮存;预订
(教材P65) HellofromSanjiangyuanNationalNatureReserve(SNNR).
你好,这里是三江源国家自然保护区。
[例1] Afriendcanbeareserveofhelpintimesoftrouble.
朋友可以在困难的时候提供帮助。
[例2] Theseseatsarereservedforspecialguests.
这些座位是留给贵宾的。
[造句] 为了保护野生动物,应该多建立野生动物保护区。
Toprotectwildanimals,morewildlifereservesshouldbesetup.
[知识拓展]
(1)withoutreserve 毫无保留
keepsth.inreserve保存某物以备用
(2)reservesth.forsb.为某人预留某物
reservetherighttodosth.保留做某事的权利
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Whentalkingtoafriend,weshouldbefrankwithoutreserve.
②Wealwayskeepsomemoneyinreserve,justincase.
③Adoubleroomwithabalconyhasbeenreservedforhim.
damagev.&n.破损,损害,损伤
(教材P65) Inrecentyears,wehaveseenlargeareasofwetlandthatweredamagedbyhumanactivity.
近年来,我们看到大片湿地被人类活动破坏。
[例1] Manybuildingsandcarshavebeendamagedintheexplosion.
许多大楼和汽车在这次爆炸中受损。
[例2] Thestormdidagreatdealofdamagetotheoldhouses.
暴风雨给那些旧房屋造成了很大损坏。
[造句] 吸烟会损害你的健康。
Smokingcandamageyourhealth.
[知识拓展]
sufferdamage 遭受损坏
do/causedamageto给……造成损坏
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Manybuildingsandroadsweredamaged(damage)badlywhentheheavysnowstruckthatcity.
②Theearthquakebrokeatmidnight,causinggreatdamagetothecity.
[名师点津]
damage指部分性“损坏,破坏”,一般可以修复;而destroy指彻底地“毁坏,破坏”,一般不能或很难再修复。
(教材P65) We'vealsoseendroughtsandfloodscausedbythesechanges,whichaffectthewatersupplydownstream.
我们还看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水,这些变化影响了下游的供水。
(1)floodn.洪水,水灾;大量 v.淹没;泛滥;(感觉或回忆)涌上心头
[例1] Abusinessneedsinsuranceagainstriskssuchasfireandflood.
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。
[例2] Thegroundfloorofthehousewasflooded.
房子的底层被淹了。
[造句] 水坝不太坚固,挡不住洪水。
Thedamwasnotstrongenoughtoholdbacktheflood.
[知识拓展]
(1)beinflood (河水)上涨,泛滥
afloodof大量的
(2)floodedareas水灾地区
floodin/into大量涌入
floodback(感觉或回忆)涌上心头
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Thecharityreceivedafloodofthankfultelegramsandletters.
②Largequantitiesoffoodareneededintheflooded(flood)areasnow.
③Applicationsfloodedinafterweadvertiseditonthenewspaper.
④Seeingwhatthehomelesswereexperiencing,memoriesofherchildhoodfloodedback.
(2)affectv.影响;打动;(疾病)侵袭
[例1] Anunhappyhomeenvironmentcanaffectachild'sbehaviour.
不愉快的家庭环境能影响儿童的行为。
[例2] Wewerealldeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.
她去世的消息使我们都深感悲痛。
[造句] 众所周知,吸烟影响我们的健康。
Itiswellknownthatsmokingaffectsourhealth.
[知识拓展]
(1)beaffectedby 被……侵袭;被……感动
beaffectedwithahighfever
发高烧
(2)effectn.作用;影响;结果
ineffect事实上
haveaneffecton对……有影响
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Affected(affect)bytheriseofhouseprices,peopleinbigcitiesliveundergreatpressure.
②Hedidn'tattendtheconferencebecausehewasaffectedwithahighfever.
③Favorablepoliciesareineffecttoencourageemployees'professionaldevelopment.
adoptv.采取(某种方法);收养
(教材P65) Thisincludeskeepingtheoriginalenvironmentfrombeingtouched,aswellasadoptingnew,sustainablewaysoffeedingfarmanimals.
这包括保持原始环境不被触及,以及采用新的、可持续性的方式喂养农场动物。
[例1] Ourschoolhasadoptedanewteachingmethod.
我们学校采用了一种新的教学方法。
[例2] Theyhadnochildrenoftheirown,sotheyadoptedaneighbor'sgirl.
他们自己无儿女,所以收养了一个邻居家的女孩。
[造句] 三个队采用了不同的方式来解决这个问题。
Thethreeteamsadopteddifferentwaystosolvetheproblem.
[知识拓展]
(1)adoptanidea/aplan 采纳意见/计划
adoptapositiveattitude采取积极的态度
(2)adoptedadj.领养的
adoptionn.采用;收养
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Shetreatedheradopted(adopt)sonasifhewereherownchild.
②Ifyoucannothavechildrenofyourown,whynotconsideradoption(adopt)?
③Paul'smotherhadhimadopted(adopt)becauseshecouldn'tlookafterhim.
[名师点津] adapt与adopt词形相近,但adapt意为“适应;改编”。
reducev.减少,降低
(教材P66) Reducewastebychoosingreusableproducts...
通过选择可重复使用的产品来减少浪费……
[例1] Everyoneshouldtrytoreducetheamountofsaltinourdiet.
大家都应该在饮食中减少盐的摄入量。
[例2] Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreducestressistotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.
减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊感受。
[造句] 现在有这台电脑帮忙,我们就能降低生产成本了。
Nowwecanreducetheproductioncostswiththehelpofthecomputer.
[知识拓展]
reduce...to... 把……减少到……
reduce...by...把……减少了……
bereducedto(doing)sth.沦落到……地步
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Thoughthepriceofthehousehasbeenreducedby10%,wecan'tafforditeither.
②Theywerereducedtobegging(beg)fortheirliving.
③Toimprovetheairquality,theuseofprivatecarsshouldbereduced(reduce).
permissionn.允许,许可
(教材P67) Apoliteinterruptionisusuallyframedasarequestforpermissiontointerruptsomeone,oftenstartingwithIf...,MayI...?
礼貌的打断通常被理解为请求允许打断某人,通常以If...,MayI...?
开始。
[例1] Youmustaskforpermissionbeforetakinganyphotosinsidethehall.
必须申请批准方可在大厅内拍照。
[例2] We'vegotpermissiontogoinsidetheoldbuilding.
我们已获准进入那栋老建筑物。
[造句] 他请求经理准许他请假一天。
Heaskedthemanager'spermissiontotakeadayoff.
[知识拓展]
(1)askforpermission 请求许可
withoutpermission未经许可
(2)permitv.许可,允许
n.执照;许可证
permitdoingsth.允许做某事
permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It'sillegaltoreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.
②Wedonotpermitsmoking(smoke)intheoffice.
③Passengersarepermittedtocarry(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.
breakdown分解;(机器等)出故障;(身体、精神等)垮掉;(谈判等)失败;拆除
(教材P68) Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown,butmuchlesstimeforpaper.
塑料需要几百年才能分解,而纸分解的时间则要短得多。
[例1] Youwillbreakdownsoonerorlaterifyougoonworkinglikethat.
如果你继续像那样工作的话,迟早会累垮的。
[例2] Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight.
昨晚与商业首脑的会谈失败了。
[造句] 我们的车在去公司的路上坏了。
Ourcarbrokedownonthewaytothecompany.
[知识拓展]
breakup 解散;结束;拆散
breakin强行进入;打断(谈话),插嘴
breakinto闯入,破门而入
breakout爆发,突然发生
breakthrough突破;克服,战胜
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Whenhegothome,hefoundhishousebrokeninto.
②Daddywouldoccasionallybreakinwithasuggestion.
③Scientistssaytheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.
[小片段助记]
Theircarbrokedownonthewaytothecinema,soaquarrelbrokeoutandatlasttheloversbrokeup.
amountn.数量,数额 v.总计;达到
(教材P68) However,makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.
然而,生产一个纸袋所消耗的能量是生产一个塑料袋的四倍,用水量是(生产)塑料袋的三倍。
[例1] Anyamount,greatorsmall,willbeappreciated.数量不论多少都将受到欢迎。
[例2] Thelossfromthefloodamountstotenmilliondollars.
水灾的损失共达1000万美元。
[造句] 他每天有大量的信件要回复。
Hehasalargeamountofmailstoanswereveryday.
[知识拓展]
(1)alarge/smallamountof大/少量的(跟名词作主语时,谓语动
词用单数)
large/smallamountsof大/少量的(跟名词作主语时,谓语动
词用复数)
(2)amountto达到;等于;总共;共计
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Largeamountsofmoneyarewasted(waste)onuselessthingseveryyear.
②Alargeamountofmoneyhasbeenspent(spend)buildingmorekindergartenssofarthisyear.
③You'llneveramounttoanythingifyouspendyourtimethatway!
take...intoaccount把……考虑进去
(教材P69) Insomecases,localproducemighthaveusedmoreenergyandproducedmoregreenhousegasesthanproducegrownalongwayaway—eventakingintoaccountitstransport.
在某些情况下,当地的农产品消耗的能源和产生的温室气体也可能比生长在很远的地方的农产品多——甚至考虑到它的运输。
[例1] Whenitcomestodevelopingoureconomy,wemusttakeenvironmentalprotectionintoaccount.
当谈到发展我们的经济时,我们必须要考虑环保。
[例2] Whenjudginghisperformance,don'ttakehisageintoaccount.
评价他的表演时,不要把他的年龄考虑在内。
[造句] 我衷心希望你能考虑我的建议。
Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsintoaccount.
[知识拓展]
(1)takeaccountof=take...intoaccount
把……考虑在内
giveanaccountof对……进行描述
onaccountof因为,由于
onnoaccount决不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
(2)accountfor解释,说明;(数量/比例上)占据
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Shegaveanexcitingaccountofthefootballmatch.
②Wehadtoputoffthesportsmeetonaccountofthebadweather.
③Thepoorweathermayhaveaccountedfortheincreaseinthenumberofpeoplewhocoughdayandnight.
[小片段助记]
Onnoaccountwilltheheadteachertakeaccountofyourexcusebecauseevenyoucan'taccou