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IForceofNature

Glossary

elm/elm/n.anyofvariousdeciduoustrees落叶树ofthegenusUlmus,characteristicallyhavingarchingorcurvingbranchesandserratedleaveswithasymmetricalbases.Elmsarewidelyplantedasshadetrees榆树

radioactivity//n.spontaneousemissionofradiation,eitherdirectlyfromunstableatomicnucleiorasaconsequenceofanuclearreaction

single-minded//adj.characterizedbyhavingonlyoneaimorpurposeandbeingdeterminedtoachieveit

made-up//adj.（ofstories）thatisinvented,ratherthanreallyexistingorbeingtrue,fictional

exotic//adj.intriguinglyunusualordifferent,asiffromanotherpartoftheworld由外国引进的，非本地的

encircle//v.tocirclearound

grave//adj.fraught充满不愉快的事情withdangerorharm;serious

idolize//v.toworshipsb.orsth.asanobjectofadoration将（某人）当作偶像崇拜

fantasy//n.thecreativeimagination;unrestrainedfancy想象，幻想

shred//n.asmallamount（of）

obsessively//adv.inawaythatonecannotstopdoingaparticularthingorbehavinginaparticularway萦绕于心；有执着想法

revolutionize//v.tobringaboutaradicalchangein使彻底变革

atomic//adj.oforrelatingtoanatomoratomsanatomicbomb/anatomicsubmarine/atomicpower/atomicwarfare/atomicenergynuclear

pitiful//adj.inspiringordeservingpity

passion//n.strongemotion

tuberculosis//n.aseriousinfectiousdiseasethatattacksmanypartsofthebody,esp.thelungs结核病；（由指）肺结核

governess//n.awomanemployedtoeducateandtrainthechildrenofaprivatehousehold女家教

winduptoendup;finishup;beinasituationattheendofaseriesofevents,adventures,experiences,eventhoughitisnottheoriginalintention使结束

disinherit//v.toexcludefrominheritanceortherighttoinherit剥夺继承权

nursemaid//n.awomanemployedtotakecareofchildren育婴女佣

dragby（oftime）topassinatediousandprolongedway

meager//adj.scanty;smallandnotenough（数量或大小）不足的

enrol//v.toenterone'sownorsb.'snameonanofficialregisterorlistofmembers入学，加入

vat//n.alargevessel,suchasatub,cistern,orbarrel,usedtoholdorstoreliquids大桶，大盆

glisten//v.toshinebyreflectionwithasparklingluster闪亮

luminous//adj.emittinglight,especiallyemittingself-generatedlight发光的，发亮的

stain//n.adiscolouredspotorsmudge

congeal//v.tocausetosolidifyorcoagulateortoundergoaprocesslikenedtosolidificationorcoagulation使…凝结

radium//n.（化）镭：

一种稀有的、有白色光泽、发光、高度放射性的金属元素，极少量地存在于沥青矿中

gritty//adj.showingresolutionandfortitude;plucky刚强的，刚毅的

shabby//adj.dilapidatedordeterioratedincondition,esp.throughneglect;seedy因照管不善而破旧，变坏；破烂的，肮脏的

dank//adj.disagreeablydamporhumid阴湿的，阴冷的

prominent//adj.well-known;eminent知名的，受人尊敬的

stable//n.abuildingfortheshelterandfeedingofdomesticanimals,especiallyhorsesandcattle

toast//n.apersonreceivingmuchattentionoracclaim极出名的人

Ladiesandgentlemen,I’dliketoproposeatoasttothebrideandgroom.

TheydrankatoasttotheQueen.

AfterthesuccessofhershowshewasthetoastofBroadway.

fete//v.topayhonorto向…致敬

Afteritwonthecup,thelocalfootballteamwasfetedeverywhereitwent.

acolyte//n.adevotedfollower助手

homage//n.specialhonororrespectshownorexpressedpublicly崇敬，致敬

exposure//n.anactofsubjectingoraninstanceofbeingsubjectedtoanactionoraninfluence

fierce//adj.extremelyintense

sore//n.anopenskinlesion,wound,orulcer痛处，伤处

draft//adj.（英）draughtsuitedfororusedfordrawingheavyloads

adraughthorse

Iaskedfordraughtbeer,notbottledbeer.

defining//adj.givingadistinctivecharactertosth.,orencapsulatingitscharacter

inconsolable//adj.impossibleordifficulttoconsole无法安慰的；极为伤心的

metamorphosis//n.amarkedchangeinappearance,character,condition,orfunction改变

cape//n.（a）cape-likestate（of）

secrecy//n.thequalityorconditionofbeingsecretorhidden;concealment

polonium//n.[化]钋

onset//n.beginning

X-ray//n.X光；X射线

fleet//n.agroupofvesselsorvehicles,ownedoroperatedasaunit舰队；船队；车队；机群

aplastic//adj.unabletoformorregeneratetissues

pernicious//adj.tendingtocausedeathorseriousinjury;deadly恶性的；很有害的

anemia//n.apathologicaldeficiencyintheoxygen-carryingcomponentoftheblood,measuredinunitvolumeconcentrationsofhemoglobin,redbloodcellvolume,orredbloodcellnumber贫血症

icon//n.onewhoistheobjectofgreatattentionanddevotion;anidol偶像

obstacle//n.sth.thatopposes,standsinthewayof,orholdsupprogress

TEXTEXPLANATIONS

Thisnarrativearticleischaracterizedbyanobjectiveandsomewhatdescriptivestyle.Itmaybedividedintothreeparts.Thefirstpart,whichconsistsofthefirstthreeparagraphs,providesuswiththebackgroundknowledge,informinguswhythewriteridolizedMarieCurie,brieflyintroducestheheroineandpresentsthewriter'sevaluationoftheheroine.Thesecondpart,whichcomprisesparagraphs4-13,isthebodyofthenarrativestory.Thismajorpartprovidesuswithtrue,descriptive,andimpressiveaccountsoftheheroine,focusingonherexperiencesinlifeandherresearchwork,andvividlytellingusthemajoreventsthathappenedtoher.Thelastparagraph,thelastpartorthesummarizingparagraphofthestory,conciselypointsoutthewriter'sunderstandingorassessmentofMarieCurie'slife—trulygloriousandtragic.

Thequestionsbelowaretobediscussed.

（1）Whydidtheauthor,whenstillateenager,idolizeMadameCurie?

SheidolizedMadameCuriebecauseinhermindCuriewasthestrongestandmostcapablewomanintheworld;shewasbothalovingmotherandanoutstandingscientist.

（2）WhyisMarieCuriesofamousintheworld?

Firstly,sheandherhusbandwonaNobelPrizeinphysicsin1903forthediscoveryofradioactivity.Secondly,afterPierredied,sheproceededwiththeresearchwork,andwonasecondNobelPrizeinchemistryforisolatingtheelementsradiumandpolonium.Thirdly,inherlateryears,shewentbacktotheRadiumInstitutesheestablished,teaching,travelingandlecturinguntilherdeath,atage66,onJuly4,1934.Herprofessionaldevotiontouchesourheartsandinspiresustopersevereinourlives.

Analysis

Thesethreeparagraphs,thefirstpartofthenarrativearticle,tellusthereasonwhythewriteradmiredMarieCurieandoffersherassessmentoftheheroine.

Thefollowingtwoquestionsmaybeputforwardfordiscussion.

（1）WhydidthewriteridolizeMarieCurie?

Becauseinthewriter'smindMarieCurieseemedsoexotic;shebecamethestrongestandmostcapablewomanintheworld,andshewasasuper-competentmulti-tasker.

（2）WhatdidthewriterthinkofMarieCurieandherdiscovery?

ThewriterthoughtthatamongallwomenintheworldMarieCuriehadthestrongestwillandpossessedthegreatestcapability,thatshewasworthbeingcalledasuper-competentmulti-tasker,andthatherdiscoverywasmostbrilliant.

Languagework

1.bulletinboard:

notice-board,boardfornoticestobepinnedon

bulletinn.ashortofficialstatementofnews;aprintednewsletterproducedbyanassociation,agroup,orasociety

Bulletinsarefoundeverywhereinthissmalltown.

TheChinaAssociationforComparativeStudiesofEnglishandChineseprintsandcirculatesbulletinsamongitsmembersannually.

2.elmtree:

anytreeofthegenusUlmus,withroughserratedleaves;itproduceshardheavywood

Thereisanelmforestnearthevillage.

Thebenchismadeofelm.

3.basicsn.essentialorimportantmatters

Let'sstopchattingandgetdowntobasics.

ThesestudentshaveacquiredagoodknowledgeofthebasicsofEnglish.

4.radioactivityn.thespontaneousdisintegrationofatomicnuclei,withtheemissionofusu.penetratingradiationorparticles;radioactivesubstances,ortheradiationtheyemit

5.Shewasbrilliant,single-minded,alegend.+Shewasveryintelligent,focused,famous.

single-mindedadj.havingorconcentratingononeaim,purpose,etc.

Theyweretoosingle-mindedtobedistractedbyfailures.

Thesemenarehardworkingandsingle-minded,sotheyarealwayssuccessful.

legendn.afamousperson,apersonwhohasachievedgreatfame;afamousevent

ThethreeastronautsinChinahavebecomelegends.

Herdaringworkbehindtheenemylineshasnowbecomealegend.

6.Iwasjustagirlwithlittledirection,moredrawntowordsandmade-upstoriesthantoformulasandlabexperiments.+Iwasonlyagirlwithalmostnoguidance.Iwasmoreattractedtowordsandmade-upstoriesthantoformulasandlabexperiments.

7.encirclevt.（oft.passive）surround,formacircleround

TheWestLakeisencircledbytrees.

Theenemytroopswereencirclingthetown.

8.recoverv.returntoanormalstateofhealth,mind,prosperity,etc.;getbacktheuseofone'shealth,faculties,etc.

Hehasnowfullyrecoveredfromhisstroke.

Oureconomyfinallyrecoveredfromthefinancialdepression.

Hehasrecoveredhissightandhearing.

9.idolizevt.treatsb.asanidol;loveandadmiresb.verymuch

Theleaderwasidolizedbymanypeopleatthattime.

TheBeatleswereidolizedinthe1960s.

10.fantasyn.thefacultyofinventingimages,esp.extravagantorvisionaryones;afancifulmentalimage,adaydream;awhimsicalspeculation

Thegirllivesinaworldoffantasy.

Themanindulgesinfantasy.

Someoftheoldfantasiesaboutthespaceagearecomingtrue.

11.MarieCurie'sowndaughtersgrewintoaccomplishedwomenintheirownright,thoughtheirmotherwasobsessivelyengagedinherresearchbeforetheywereborn.+MarieCurie'sowndaughtersgrewupintointelligent