大学英语六级真题第3套4.docx

大学英语六级真题第3套4.docx

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大学英语六级真题第3套4

2019年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying“Respectothers,andyouwillberespected”.Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourviews.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

PartIIListeningComprehension（30minutes）

卷三听力部分与卷二相同

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ManyEuropeancountrieshavebeenmakingtheshifttoelectricvehiclesandGermanyhasjuststatedthattheyplantobanthesalesofvehiclesusinggasolineanddieselasfuelby2030.Thecountryisalsoplanningtoreduceitscarbonfootprintby80-95%by2050,___26___ashifttogreenenergyinthecountry.Effectively,thebanwillincludetheregistrationofnewcarsinthecountryastheywillnotallowanygasoline___27___vehicletoberegisteredafter2030.

Partofthereasonthisbanisbeingdiscussedand___28___isbecauseenergyofficialsseethattheywillnotreachtheiremissionsgoalsby2050iftheydonot___29___alargeportionofvehicleemissions.Thecountryisstill___30___thatitwillmeetitsemissionsgoals,likereducingemissionsby40%by2020,butthe___31___ofelectriccarsinthecountryhasnotoccurredasfastasexpected.

Othereffortstoincreasetheuseofelectricvehiclesincludeplanstobuildover1millionhybridandelectriccarbatterychargingstationsacrossthecountry.By2030,Germanyplansonhavingover6millionchargingstations___32___.AccordingtotheInternationalBusinessTimes,electriccarsalesareexpectedtoincreaseasVolkswagenisstillrecoveringfromitsemissionsscandal.

Thereare___33___around155,000registeredhybridandelectricvehiclesonGermanroads,dwarfedbythe45milliongasolineanddieselcarsdrivingtherenow.Ascountriescontinuesettinggoalsofreducingemissions,greaterstepsneedtobetakentohavea___34___effectonthesurroundingenvironment.Whiletheeffortsarecertainlynot___35___,theresultsofsuchbanswilllikelyonlystarttobeseenbygenerationsdowntheline,betteringtheworldforthefuture.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A）acceptanceI）incidentally

B）currentlyJ）installed

C）disruptingK）noticeable

D）eliminateL）powered

E）exhaustM）restoration

F）futileN）skeptical

G）hopefulO）sparking

H）implemented

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Apple’sStanceHighlightsaMoreConfrontationalTeachIndustry

[A]ThebattlebetweenAppleandlawenforcementofficialsoverunlockingaterrorist’ssmartphoneistheculminationofaslowturningofthetablesbetweenthetechnologyindustryandtheUnitedStatesgovernment.

[B]AfterrevelationsbytheformerNationalSecurityAgencycontractorEdwardJ.Snowdenin2019thatthegovernmentbothcoziedupto（讨好）certaintechcompaniesandhackedintootherstogainaccesstoprivatedataonanenormousscale,techgiantsbegantorecognizetheUnitedStatesgovernmentasahostileactor.Butiftheconfrontationhascrystallizedinthislatestbattle,itmayalreadybeheadingtowardapredictableconclusion:

Inthelongrun,thetechcompaniesaredestinedtoemergevictorious.

[C]Itmaynotseemthatwayatthemoment.Ontheoneside,youhavetheUnitedStatesgovernment’smightylegalandsecurityapparatusfightingfordataofthemostsympatheticsort:

thesecretsburiedinadeadmassmurderer’sphone.TheactionstemsfromafederalcourtorderissuedonTuesdayrequiringAppletohelptheFederalBureauofInvestigation（FBI）tounlockaniPhoneusedbyoneofthetwoattackerswhokilled14peopleinSanBernardino,California,inDecember.

[D]Intheothercorneristheworld’smostvaluablecompany,whosechiefexecutive,TimothyCook,hassaidhewillappealthecourt’sorder.Applearguesthatitisfightingtopreserveaprinciplethatmostofuswhoareaddictedtooursmartphonescandefend:

WeakenasingleiPhonesothatitscontentscanbeviewedbytheAmericangovernmentandyouriskweakeningalliPhonesforanygovernmentintruder,anywhere.

[E]Therewillprobablybemonthsoflegalconfrontation,anditisnotatallclearwhichsidewillprevailincourt,norinthebattleforpublicopinionandlegislativefavor.Yetunderlyingallofthisisasimpledynamic:

Apple,Google,Facebookandothercompaniesholdmostofthecardsinthisconfrontation.Theyhaveourdata,andtheirbusinessesdependontheglobalpublic’scollectivebeliefthattheywilldoeverythingtheycantoprotectthatdata.

[F]Anycrackinthatfrontcouldbefatalfortechcompaniesthatmustoperateworldwide.IfAppleisforcedtoopenupaniPhoneforanAmericanlawenforcementinvestigation,whatistopreventitfromdoingsoforarequestfromtheRussiansortheIranians?

IfAppleisforcedtowritecodethatletstheFBIgetintothePhone5cusedbySyedRizwanFarook,themaleattackerintheSanBernardinoattack,whowouldberesponsibleifsomehackergotholdofthatcodeandbrokeintoitsotherdevices?

[G]Apple’sstanceontheseissuesemergedpost-Snowden,whenthecompanystartedputtinginplaceaseriesoftechnologiesthat,bydefault,makeuseofencryption（加密）tolimitaccesstopeople’sdata.Morethanthat,Apple,and,indifferentways,othertechcompanies,includingGoogle,Facebook,TwitterandMicrosoft,havemadetheiroppositiontothegovernment’sclaimsapointofcorporatepride.

[H]Apple’semergingglobalbrandisprivacy;ithasstakeditscorporatereputation,nottomentiontheinvestmentofconsiderabletechnicalandfinancialresources,onlimitingthesortofmasssurveillancethatwasuncoveredbyMr.Snowden.Sonow,formanycasesinvolvinggovernmentalintrusionsintodata,once-lonelyprivacyadvocatesfindthemselvesfightingalongsidethemostpowerfulcompanyintheworld.

[I]“Acomparisonpointisinthe1990sbattlesoverencryption,”saidKurtOpsahl,generalcounseloftheElectronicFrontierFoundation,aprivacywatchdoggroup.“Thenyouhadafewcompaniesinvolved,butnotoneofthelargestcompaniesintheworldcomingoutwithalengthyandimpassionedpost,likewesawyesterdayfromTimothyCook.Itsprofilehasreallybeenraised.”

[J]Appleandothertechcompaniesholdanotherace:

thetechnicalmeanstokeepmakingtheirdevicesmoreandmoreinaccessible.NotethatApple’spublicoppositiontothegovernment’srequestisitselfahindrancetomassgovernmentintrusion.AndtogetatthecontentsofasingleiPhone,thegovernmentsaysitneedsacourtorderandApple’shelptowritenewcode;inearlierversionsoftheiPhone,onesthatwerecreatedbeforeApplefoundreligionon（热衷于）privacy,theFBImayhavebeenabletobreakintothedevicebyitself.

[K]Youcanexpectthatnoose（束缚）tocontinuetotighten.ExpertssaidthatwhetherornotApplelosesthisspecificcase,measuresthatitcouldputintoplaceinthefuturewillalmostcertainlybeabletofurtherlimitthegovernment’sreach.

[L]That’snottosaythattheoutcomeoftheSanBernardinocaseisinsignificant.AsAppleandseveralsecurityexpertshaveargued,anordercompellingAppletowritesoftwarethatgivestheFBIaccesstotheiPhoneinquestionwouldestablishanunsettlingprecedent.TheorderessentiallyasksAppletohackitsowndevices,andonceitisinplace,theprecedentcouldbeusedtojustifylawenforcementeffortstogetaroundencryptiontechnologiesinotherinvestigationsfarremovedfromnationalsecuritythreats.

[M]OncearmedwithamethodforgainingaccesstoiPhones,thegovernmentcouldasktouseitproactively（先发制人地）,beforeasuspectedterroristattack—leavingAppleinabindastowhethertocomplyorriskanattackandsufferapublic-relationsnightmare.“Thisisabrand-newmoveinthewaragainstencryption,”Mr.Opsahlsaid.“We’vehadplentyofdebatesinCongressandthemediaoverwhetherthegovernmentshouldhaveabackdoor,andthisisanendrun（迂回战术）aroundthat—heretheycomewithanordertocreatethatbackdoor.”

[N]Yetit’sworthnotingthatevenifAppleultimatelylosesthiscase,ithasplentyoftechnicalmeanstocloseabackdoorovertime.“Ifthey’reanywherenearworththeirsaltasengineers,Ibetthey’rerethinkingtheirthreatmodelaswespeak,”saidJonathanZdziarski,adigitalexpertwhostudiestheiPhoneanditsvulnerabilities.

[O]Onerelativelysimplefix,Mr.Zdziarskisaid,wouldbeforAppletomodifyfutureversionsoftheiPhonetorequireausertoenterapasscodebeforethephonewillacceptthesortofmodifiedoperatingsystemthattheFBIwantsAppletocreate.Thatway,ApplecouldnotunilaterallyintroduceacodethatweakenstheiPhone—auserwouldhavetoconsenttoit.

[P]“Nothingis100percenthacker-proof,”Mr.Zdziarskisaid,buthepointedoutthatthejudge’sorderinthiscaserequiredAppletoprovide“reasonablesecurityassistanc