新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程2第五单元课后答案.docx
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新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程2第五单元课后答案
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程2第五单元课后答案
Unit5FourteenSteps
TextComprehension
I．B. II.1.F; 2.T; 3.F; 4.T; 5.F.
III.
1.thesecondhalfofhisfirstlife.
2.thedaywhenhewasunabletoclimbthosesteps,andwastolieanddie.
3.hischallengetocontinueliving,andmiseryhehadtoacceptandcopewithinordertoholdontohissanity,hiswife,hishomeandhisjob.
4.Hefirstfeltabitsorryforthem,butthenfeltrelievedbythethoughtofpaying.
5.theoldmanisblindbuthehelpedhiminthestorm;whilethewriterassumedthatadisabledmandeservedotherpeople’shelpbutneverhelpedothers.
6.heshouldalwaysbereadytohelpothers.
IV.
1.asadmanwithlittlehopeforhisfuture,andeverythingdependedonhimtoclimbthese14steps.
2.thewriterwasfilledwithgreatshameandhorrorandbecamespeechless.
Structuralanalysisofthetext
Part1:
Paragraph1,2—1stlife;
Part2:
Paragraph3,4,5—2ndlife;
Part3:
Paragraph6,7,8,9—incidentandreflection;
Part4:
Paragraph10—newlife,i.e.3rdlife.
SectionFourConsolidationActivities
Partone.Vocabulary
I.
1. aslowlyprogressivedisease=adiseasethat graduallybecaemoreandmoreserious
2.withtheaidof=withthehelpof 在……的帮助下
3.peeringat=lookingverycarefullyandhardat 凝视
4.areallset=areready 准备就绪，安排妥当
5.indifferenceto=notcaringabout 对……漠不关心
II.
1.tilted;2.ledupto;3.holdonto;4.carefor;5.isinclinedto;6.makealiving;7.follow,example;8.toadegree.
III. Wordderivation
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Youalwaysfollowyourowninclination（incline）insteadofthinkingofourfeeling.
2.Themenstoodinfrontofthebar,indifferent（indifference）totheargumentthatwasgoingonacrosstheroad.
3.Thecompanyhashadasuccessfulfirstyearathomebutpenetration（penetrate）oftheinternationalmarkethasbeenslow.
4.Wehadn’tseenherformanyyearsandwereveryshockedbyherfrailty（frail）.
5.Hedoesnotconsiderhisdeafnessanaffliction（afflict）.
6.Wewereallveryimpressedbytheexcellence（excellent）ofthedesign.
7.Herfeverisgettingprogressively（progress）worse.Ithinkweshouldcalladoctor.
8.Thehoneymoonperiodwassoonfollowedbytheusualdisillusionment（disillusion）withday-to-dayreality.
1.inclinev. 使有……倾向，易于；爱好
inclinationn. 倾向，意愿
inclineda. 有……倾向的；倾斜的
2.indifferencen. 不重视，无兴趣，漠不关心
indifferenta. 漠不关心的，冷淡的
indifferentlyad. 不在乎地，冷淡地，淡然地
3.penetratev. 穿透，渗透；看穿
penetratinga. 敏锐的，尖锐的；穿透的，透彻的
penetrationn. 渗透，侵入，突破
4.fraila. 脆弱的，虚弱的
frailtyn. 脆弱，意志薄弱；弱点
5.afflictv. 使苦恼，折磨
afflictionn. 痛苦，苦恼，苦难
6.excellenta. 极好的，杰出的
excellencen. 优秀，卓越，优点
excellentlyad. 优秀地，超群地
7.progressn. 进步，发展，前进
progressionn. 前进
progressivea. 前进的，渐进的
8.disillusionn. 觉醒，幻灭
disillusionmentn. 幻灭感
disillusioneda. 大失所望的，幻想破灭的
IV.
1.A; 2.C; 3.B; 4.D; 5.B; 6.A; 7.D; 8.B.
V.Synonym/Antonym
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.AndImanagedtokeepmyhealthandoptimism,toadegree,becauseof14steps.
Antonym:
pessimism
2.Notso.Herehobbledabitterlydisillusionedcripple,amanwhoheldontohissanityandhiswifeandhishomeandhisjobbecauseof14miserablestepsleadinguptothebackdoorfromhisgarage.
Synonym:
painfully,desperately
3.Shewentintothehouseandamomentlatercameoutbundledinraincoatandhat,followedbyamanwhocalledacheerfulgreeting.
Antonym:
cheerless,unhappy,gloomy
4.Istartedtheengineandthumpedslowlyalong,keepingwelloverontheshoulderuntilIcametothedirtroad,whereIturnedin—thankfully.
Synonym:
fortunately
5.Hewasanoldman,stoopedandfrail-lookingunderhisslicker.
Synonym:
weak,delicate,feeble
6.AsIbecameolder,Ibecamemoredisillusionedandfrustrated.
Synonym:
disappointed
7.IrealizedthatIwasfilledtooverflowingwithself-pity,selfishness,indifferencetotheneedsofothersandthoughtlessness.
Antonym:
selflessness,unselfishness
8.Therefollowedalongintervalofnoises.
Synonym:
period
VI. Compounding
Writeineachspacethemeaningofeachgivenword.
1.likewise inthesameway
2.underway inprogress
3.carefree withnoconcern
4.forthcoming comingsoon
5.stand-by somethingreadyforuse
6.user-friendly handytouse
7.soundproof preventingthepassageofsound
8.landlocked almostorentirelysurroundedbyland
PartTwo.GrammarExercises
1.Numerals
Cardinal 基数numeralsexpressinteger 整数（whole）abstractnumbers,orthenumber/amountofthedeterminednounsinliteralform.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,cardinalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:
1.adjectives
2.nouns
3.numeral“one”canalsobeapronoun
Thedifferentwaystoexpress“around”:
around,about,nearly,some,moreorless,orso,thereabouts,etc.
Ordinal 序数numeralsareusedtoexpressan/theorderinaseries.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,ordinalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:
1.adjectives
2.nouns
3.adverbs
Ordinalnumeralsallowbotharticlesahead.Again,thearticledeterminesthenounonly,notthenumeral.
Fractionalnumeralisusedtoexpresspartsofawhole.Commonly,ittakestwoforms:
1.Common 普通分数/简分数fraction
Workaccordingtotheformula:
Wholes+Numerator/Denominator
e.g.12/3=（isequaltoormeans）one（whole）and/plustwothirds
Notethe“s”addedtothedenominator:
“thirds”.
2.Decimal 小数numbers
Workaccordingtotheformula:
Wholenumbers（point）decimals
e.g.12.15=（isequaltoormeans）twelvefifteen,ortwelvepointfifteen
I．differentwaystoexpress“around”.
1.About100students; 2.moreorless40pages; 3.Thereare30orsoquestions; 4.twohoursorthereabouts; 5.somefourmiles; 6.50ish.
II.
1.anap合一会儿眼; 2.verygoodindeed百里挑一; 3.inamess乱七八糟; 4.onhandsandknees四脚爬;5.verymuchbetterthanyouare比你强十倍; 6.talkingquicklyandcontinuously; 7.veryprobably十有八九; 8.alotways千万条路子.
III.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.
1.Hewasnotdueattheofficeforanotherthree-quarter（attributive-adjective）（threequarters）ofanhour.
2.was–were.
3.ThisistheworstdisasterIcanrememberinmyplus25years（25yearsplus）asapoliceofficer.
4.secondtime–asecondtime.
5.see–haveseen.（presentperfect）
6.Ittookhimoneandahalfhourstofinishthetask.
7.Twenty-nine（beginning）
2.Determiners（both,each,eitherorneither,some,any）
Determinersareusedinfrontofnounstoindicatewhetheryouarereferringtosomethingspecificorsomethingofaparticulartype.
Bothisusedtoindicatethattheactionorstatedenotedbytheverbappliesindividuallytoeachofthetwoentities.Whenbothisusedwithandtolinkparallelelementsinasentence,thewordsorphrasesthatfollowthemshouldcorrespondgrammatically.Bothcanonlycollocatewithpluralcountnouns.
e.g.Bothherfingersarebroken.
BothMaryandTomlikereadingEnglishnovels.
Thephrasebeginningwitheachidentifiesasetofitemswhereinthewordsfollowingeachidentifytheindividualelementsbytheirsharedcharacteristics.Thephraseisgrammaticallysingularinnumber,soifthephraseisthesubjectofasentence,itsverbisconjugatedintoathird-personsingularform.Similarly,anypronounsthatrefertothenounphrasearesingular.
e.g.Eachcandidatehas49votes.
Eachvotermustdecideforherself.
Eitherandneitherareusedinsentencesconcerningapossiblechoicebetweentwoitems.Eithercanmeanoneortheother（oftwo）oreachoftwo.
e.g.I’vegotteaandcoffee,soyoucanhaveeither.（oneortheother）
Theroomhasadoorateitherend.（both）
Neithermeansnotthefirstoneandnotthesecondone.
e.g.Neitherofthestudentswerelistening.
Both,someandanyappearbeforenouns.Someandanymaybeusedwithcountableanduncountablenouns.
e.g.Heboughtsomesandwichesforlunch.
Hedidn’tseeanystarswhenhevisitedHollywood.
Heatesomecheesewithhissandwiches.
Heneverdrinksanycoffeeatnightbecausethenhecan’tsleep.
IV.
Both,both,Neither,either,neither.
both,each,either.
V. Fillineachoftheblankswithsome,anyoroneoftheircompounds.
1.somewhat
2.Therepairswillcost____something____intheregionof$500.
3.Iwasamazedthat____some_____400peoplecametothemeetingtodiscussthenewschemeforashoppingcenter.
4.somehow,anything
5.anything,something
6.Georgeoughttobeabletotellwhetherthatoldplateisvaluable.Heis___something___ofanexpertonchina.
7.Whathaveyoubeenupto?
Ihaven’tseen___anything___ofyouforages.
8.some
VI.
1.Inspiteof+noun--
2.Itseemedtomethat+clause--
PartThree.Translationexercises
I.EnglishtoChinese
1. 常言道猫有九命，我信这话。
因为我已经活第三回了，尽管我并不是猫。
2. 我只是一个一瘸一拐、幻想破灭的残疾人，一个凭着攀登车库和后门之间十四级令人痛苦的台阶而努力保持清醒的心智，伴随妻子、维持家庭和坚持工作的人。
3. 其后的几秒钟一切都好像凝滞了，那一刻的羞耻和惊诧深深的穿透了我的肺腑，我感到了一种从未有过的难受。
4. 我意识到自己极端自怜、自私，对别人的需要漠不关心，不为别人着想。
II.Chinesetoenglish
1. 这位电影演员比大多数人更愿意帮助残疾人，因为他自己十年前曾中过风。
（beinclinedto）
Thisfilmactorismoreinclinedthanmostpeopletohelpthehandicappedbecausehehimselfsufferedastroketenyearsago.
2.Theoldmanisafflictedwithrheumatism,buthestillgoesjoggingandmountain-climbingev
升级会员 