黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题.docx

黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题.docx

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黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

哈尔滨市第六中学2018-2019学年度上学期期末考试高二英语试题

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Onemorningmorethanthirtyyearsago,IenteredtheTrackKitchen,arestaurantwhereeveryonefromthehumblest（卑微的）tothemostpowerfulcameforbreakfast.Inoticedanemptychairnexttoanelderly,unshavenman,wholookedsomewhatdisheveled.Hewaswearingaworn-outhatandwasalone.IaskedifImightjoinhim.HeagreedquietlyandIsatdowntohavemybreakfast.

Wecautiouslybeganaconversationandspokeaboutawiderangeofthings.Weneverintroducedourselves.Iwasconcernedthathemighthavenomoneyandnotbeabletoaffordsomethingtoeat.SoasIrosetogobacktothecounterandbuyasecondcupofcoffee,Iasked,

“MayIgetyousomething?

”

“Acoffeewouldbenice.”

ThenIboughthimacupofcoffee,Wetalkedmore,andheacceptedanothercupofcoffee,Finally,Irosetoleave,wishedhimwell,andheadedfortheexit.AtthedoorImetoneofmyfriends.Heasked,

“HowdidyougettoknowMr.Galbreath?

”

“Who?

”

“Themanyouweresittingwith.HeischairmanoftheBoardofChurchillDowns.”

Icouldhardlybelieveit.Iwasbuying,offeringafreebreakfast,andfeelingpityforoneoftheworld’srichestandmostpowerfulmen!

MyfewminuteswithMr.Galbreathchangedmylife.NowItrytotreateveryonewithrespect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare,andnomatteranotherhumanbeingwithkindnessandsincerity.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disheveled”mean?

A.Unfriendly.        B.Untidy.        C.Gentle.        D.Kind.

2.Theauthorboughtcoffeefortheoldmanbecause____________.    

A.hethoughttheoldmanwaspoor

B.hewantedtostartaconversation

C.heintendedtoshowhispoliteness

D.hewouldliketothanktheoldman

3.Whatisthemessagemainlyexpressedinthestory?

A.Weshouldlearntobegenerous.

B.Itishonorabletohelpthoseinneed.

C.Peopleinhighpositionsarenotlikewhatweexpect.

D.Weshouldavoidjudgingpeoplebytheirappearances.

B

Whenmostofuslookatourhands,wemightnoticethatweneedtoclean,orstopbitingourfingernails,andthat’saboutit.Butifyouaskadoctor,hecanseeawholelotmore.Everythingfrompoordietandstresstoseriouskidney（肾）problemscanberevealedbyaglanceatyourfingernails.

Thereareabout30differentnailsignsthatcanbeassociatedwithmedicalissues,thoughmayindicatemorethanoneproblem,accordingtoDr.AmyDerick,aclinicalinstructorofdermatologyatNorthwesternUniversity.

Herearefiveofthethingsadoctorcantellaboutyourhealthbasedonyourfingernails.

1.Peoplewhoaren’teatingwellandlackvitaminordietarymayhavethinnerthannormalnails,whicharemorelikelytobreak.

2.Horizontallinesareassociatedwithseriousphysicalstress.Theyfrequentlyoccurinpeoplewhohavegonethroughchemotherapy（化疗）.Theycanalsooccuraftersomeillnesses,injuries,orwithseveremalnourishment（营养不良）.Interestingly,theremaybeanaltitudeconnectiontoo.They’vealsobeenfoundinpeoplewhodove1,000feetandotherswhoparticipatedinanEverestexploration.

3.Verticallines,however,aregenerallynotsuchabigdeal.Somepeoplearemoregeneticallypronetothemthanothers,butthey’recommonlyassociatedwithaging.

4.Whenpeoplelackiron,theirnailscanturnspoon-like.Insteadofcurvingdownandcoveringthefingernormally,they’llstarttoriseuponthesidesandfront,likethepartofaspoonthatholdsliquid.

5.Kidneyandliverproblemscancreate“half-and-halfnails”,whereonepartofthenailiswhiteandtheotherpartdarkorpink,accordingtoDerick.

Doctorsnotethatbecausediseasediagnosisiscomplexandsomesymptomscanbeassociatedwithdifferentdiseases,youshouldalwaysseeamedicalprofessionalifyouareconcernedaboutsomethingyounotice.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Doctorscantellussomethingaboutourhealthbylookingatournails.

B.Weshouldseeadoctorifwefindnailsinbadcondition.

C.AfamousdoctorintheUSAconductedaninterestingresearch.

D.Ifwedon’twanttogetill,weneedtocleanandstopbitingourfingernails.

5.Ifwedon’teatwellorregularly,ourfingernailsmay________.

A.becomeharderthannormalnails.

B.becomethinnerthannormalnails.

C.become“half-and-half”nails.

D.havehorizontalandverticallines.

6.Whowillhavehorizontallinesonthenails?

A.Acancerpatientwhohasreceivednormaltreatment.

B.HungryAfricanchildrensufferingfromseveremalnourishment.

C.AnexplorerwhohadreachedZhangjiajieinHunanProvince.

D.Apatientwithseriousillness,likekidneyandliverproblems.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthenailsthatshowpeoplelackiron?

A.Thenailsarethinnerandmorelikelytobreak.

B.Thenailswillcurvedownandcoverthefingers.

C.Thenailswillstarttoriseuponthesidesandfront.

D.Thenailswillchangetheircoloursonthesurface.

C

JaneAusten,afamousEnglishwriter,wasbornatSteventon,Hampshire,onDecember16,1775,anddiedonJuly18,1817.Shebeganwritingearlyinlife,althoughtheprejudicesofhertimesforcedhertohaveherbookspublishedanonymously（匿名）.

ButJaneAustenisperhapsthebestknownandbestlovedofBath'smanyfamouslocalpeopleandvisitors.Shepaidtwolongvisitshereduringthelastfiveyearsoftheeighteenthcenturyandfrom1801to1806,Bathwasherhome.Herdeepknowledgeofthecityisfullyseenintwoofhernovels,NorthangerAbbeyandPersuasion,whicharelargelysetinBath.ThecityisstillverymuchasJaneAustenknewit,keepinginitsstreetsandpublicbuildingsthewell-orderedworldthatshedescribedsowellinhernovels.NowthepleasureoflearningJaneAusten'sBathcanbeenhanced（增强）byvisitingtheJaneAustenCentreinGayStreet.Here,inaGeorgiantownhouseintheheartofthecity,youcanfindoutmoreaboutBathinJaneAusten'stimeandtheimportanceofBathinherlifeandwork.

TheCentrehasbeensetupwiththehelpandguidanceofmembersoftheJaneAustenSociety.AfteryourvisittotheCentre,youcanlookroundtheattractiveshop,whichoffersahugecollectionofJaneAustenrelatedbooks,cardsandmanyspeciallydesignedgifts.JaneAustenquizzesareofferedtokeepthechildrenbusy.

YoucanalsohavewalkingtoursofJaneAusten'sBath,whichisagreatwaytofindoutmoreaboutJaneAustenanddiscoverthewonderfulGeorgiancityofBath.Thetourlastsaboutoneandahalfhours.TheexperiencedguideswilltakeyoutotheplaceswhereJanelived,walkedandshopped.

8.JaneAustenpaidtwolongvisitstoBath________.

A.inherearlytwentiesB.inherearlyteens

C.inherlatetwentiesD.inherlateteens

9.WhatcanwelearnaboutBathfromthepassage?

A.BathhasgreatlychangedsinceJaneAusten'sdeath.

B.ThecityhaschangedasmuchasJaneAustenknewit.

C.BathremainsalmostthesameasinJaneAusten'stime.

D.NochangeshavetakenplaceinBathsinceJaneAusten'stime.

10.Theauthorwritesthispassageinorderto________.

A.attractreaderstovisitthecityofBath

B.askreaderstobuyAusten'sbooks

C.tellreadersaboutJaneAusten'sexperience

D.giveabriefintroductiontotheJaneAustenSociety

11.Ittakesyouaboutoneandahalfhours________.

A.togettotheJaneAustenCentreinGayStreet

B.tobuyJaneAustenrelatedbooks,cardsandgifts

C.tofindaguidetotakeyoutotheCentre

D.tolookaroundthecityofBathonfoot

D

Womenarefriendly.Butmenaremorecompetitive.Why?

Researchershavefoundit'salldowntothehormoneoxytocin（荷尔蒙催生素）.Althoughknownasthelovehormone,itaffectsthesexesdifferently.

"Womentendtobesocialintheirbehavior.Theyoftensharewithothers.Butmentendtobecompetitive.Theyaretryingtoimprovetheirsocialstatus,"saidProfessorRyan.

Generally,peoplebelievethatthehormoneoxytocinisletoutinourbodyinvarioussocialsituationsandourbodycreatesalargeamountofitduringpositivesocialinteractionssuchasfallinginloveorgivingbirth.

ButinapreviousexperimentProfessorRyanfoundthatthehormoneisalsoletoutinourbodyduringnegativesocialinteractionssuchasenvy.

Furtherresearchesshowedthatinmenthehormoneoxytocinimprovestheabilitytorecognizecompetitiverelationships,butinwomenitraisestheabilitytorecognizefriendship.

ProfessorRyan'srecentexperimentused62menandwomenaged20to37.Halfoftheparticipantsreceivedoxytocin.Theotherhalfreceivedplacebo（安慰剂）.

Afteraweek,thetwogroupsswitchedwithparticipants.Theywentthroughthesameprocedurewiththeothermaterial.

Followingeachtreatment,theywereshownsomevideopictureswithdifferentsocialinteractions.Thentheywereaskedtoanalyzetherelationshipsbyansweringsomequestions.Thequestionswereabouttellingfriendshipfromcompetition.Andtheiranswersshouldbebasedongestures,bodylanguageandfacialexpressions.

Theresultsindicatedthat,aftertreatmentwithoxytocin,men'sabilitytocorrectlyrecognizecompetitiverelationshipsimproved,butinwomenitwastheabilitytocorrectlyrecognizefriendshipthatgotbetter.

ProfessorRyanthusconcluded:

"Ourexperimentprovesthatthehormoneoxytocincanraisepeople'sabilitiestobetterdistinguishdifferentsocialinteractions.Andthebehaviordifferencesbetweenmenandwomenarecausedbybiologicalfactors（因素）thataremainlyhormonal."

12.Whatcausesmenandwomentobehavedifferentlyaccordingtothetext?

A.Placebo.B.Oxytocin.C.Thegesture.D.Thesocialstatus.

13.