太阳能光伏系统蓄电池充电中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

太阳能光伏系统蓄电池充电中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

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太阳能光伏系统蓄电池充电中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译

DesignofaLead-AcidBatteryChargingandProtectingICinPhotovoltaicSystem

1.Introduction

Solarenergyasaninexhaustible,inexhaustiblesourceofenergymoreandmoreattention.Solarpowerhasbecomepopularinmanycountriesandregions,solarlightinghasalsobeenputintouseinmanycitiesinChina.Asakeypartofthesolarlighting,batterychargingandprotectionisparticularlyimportant.Sealedmaintenance-freelead-acidbatteryhasasealed,leak-free,pollution-free,maintenance-free,low-cost,reliablepowersupplyduringtheentirelifeofthebatteryvoltageisstableandnomaintenance,theneedforuninterruptedforthevarioustypesofhaswideapplicationinpowerelectronicequipment,andportableinstrumentation.Appropriatefloatvoltage,innormaluse（topreventover-discharge,overcharge,over-current）,maintenance-freelead-acidbatteryfloatlifeofupto12~16yearsfloatvoltagedeviationof5%shortenthelifeof1/2.Thus,thechargehasamajorimpactonthistypeofbatterylife.Photovoltaic,batterydoesnotneedregularmaintenance,thecorrectchargeandreasonableprotection,caneffectivelyextendbatterylife.ChargingandprotectionICistheseparationoftheoccupiedareaandtheperipheralcircuitcomplexity.Currently,themarkethasnotyetreal,chargedwiththeprotectionfunctionisintegratedonasinglechip.Forthisproblem,designasetofbatterychargingandprotectionfunctionsinoneICisverynecessary.

2.Systemdesignandconsiderations

Thesystemmainlyincludestwoparts:

thebatterychargermoduleandtheprotectionmodule.Ofgreatsignificanceforthebatteryasstandbypoweruseoftheoccasion,Itcanensurethattheexternalpowersupplytothebattery-powered,butalsointhebatteryovercharge,over-currentandanexternalpowersupplyisdisconnectedthebatteryistoputthestatetoprovideprotection,thechargeandprotectionrolledintoonetomakethecircuittosimplifyandreducevaluableproductwasteofresources.Figure1isaspecificapplicationofthisIcinthephotovoltaicpowergenerationsystem,butalsothesourceofthisdesign.

accumulator

DCload

controller

Discharge

controller

Charge

controller

solarbattery

array

Figure1Photovoltaiccircuitsystemblockdiagram

Maintenance-freelead-acidbatterylifeisusuallythecyclelifeandfloatlifefactorsaffectingthelifeofthebatterychargerate,dischargerate,andfloatvoltage.Somemanufacturerssaidthatiftheoverchargeprotectioncircuit,thechargingratecanbeachievedevenmorethan2C（Cistheratedcapacityofthebattery）,batterymanufacturersrecommendchargingrateofC/20~C/3.Batteryvoltageandtemperature,thetemperatureisincreasedby1°C,singlecellbatteryvoltagedrops4mV,negativetemperaturecoefficientof-4mV/°Cmeansthatthebatteryfloatvoltage.Ordinarychargerforthebestworkingconditionat25°C;chargelessthantheambienttemperatureof0°C;at45°Cmayshortenthebatterylifeduetosevereovercharge.Tomakethebatterytoextendtheworkinglife,haveacertainunderstandingandanalysisoftheworkingstatusofthebattery,inordertoachievethepurposeofprotectionofthebattery.Battery,therearefourstates:

normalstate,over-currentstateoverthestateofcharge,overdischargestate.However,duetotheimpactofthedifferentdischargecurrentover-capacityandlifetimeofthebatteryisnotthesame,sothebatteryoverdischargecurrentdetectionshouldbetreatedseparately.Whenthebatteryischargingthestatealongtime,wouldseverelyreducethecapacityofthebatteryandshortenbatterylife.Whenthebatteryisthetimeofdischargestatusexceedstheallottedtime,thebattery,thebatteryvoltageistoolowmaynotbeabletorecharge,makingthebatterylifeislower.

Basedontheabove,thechargeonthelifeofmaintenance-freelead-acidbatterieshaveasignificantimpact,whilethebatteryisalwaysingoodworkingcondition,batteryprotectioncircuitmustbeabletodetectthenormalworkingconditionofthebatteryandmaketheactionthebatterycannevernormalworkingstatebacktonormaloperation,inordertoachievetheprotectionofthebattery.

3.Unitsmodulardesign

3.1Thechargingmodule

Chip,chargingmoduleblockdiagramshowninFigure2.Thecircuitryincludescurrentlimiting,currentsensingcomparator,referencevoltagesource,under-voltagedetectioncircuit,voltagesamplingcircuitandlogiccontrolcircuit.

Voltagesamplingcomparator

Undervoltagedetectioncircuit

R-power

Voltageamplifier

Powerindicator

Limitingamplifier

Currentsampling

comparator

Logicalmodule

Chargingindicator

Statelevelcontrol

Startamplifier

driver

Figure2Chargingmoduleblockdiagram

Themodulecontainsastand-alonelimitingamplifierandvoltagecontrolcircuit,itcancontroloff-chipdrive,20~30mA,providedbythedriveoutputcurrentcandirectlydriveanexternalseriesofadjustmenttube,soastoadjustthechargeroutputvoltageandcurrent.Voltageandcurrentdetectioncomparatordetectsthebatterychargestatus,andcontrolthestateoftheinputsignalofthelogiccircuit.Whenthebatteryvoltageorcurrentistoolow,thechargetostartthecomparatorcontrolthecharging.Appliancesintothetricklechargestatewhenthecut-offofthedrive,thecomparatorcanoutputabout20mAintothetricklechargecurrent.Thus,whenthebatteryshort-circuitorreverse,thechargercanonlychargeasmallcurrent,toavoiddamagetothebatterychargingcurrentistoolarge.Thismoduleconstitutesachargingcircuitchargingprocessisdividedintotwochargingstatus:

high-currentconstant-currentchargestate,high-voltagechargestatusandlow-voltageconstantvoltagefloatingstate.Thechargingprocessfromtheconstantcurrentchargingstatus,theconstantchargingcurrentofthechargeroutputinthisstate.Andthechargercontinuouslymonitorsthevoltageacrossthebatterypack,thebatterypowerhasbeenrestoredto70%to90%ofthereleasedcapacitywhenthebatteryvoltagereachestheswitchingvoltagetochargeconversionvoltageVsamchargermovestothestateofcharge.Inthisstate,thechargeroutputvoltageisincreasedtooverchargepressureVocisduetothechargeroutputvoltageremainsconstant,sothechargingcurrentisacontinuousdecline.CurrentdowntochargeandsuspendthecurrentIoct,thebatterycapacityhasreached100%ofratedcapacity,thechargeroutputvoltagedropstoalowerfloatvoltageVF.

3.2ProtectionModule

ChipblockdiagramoftheinternalprotectioncircuitshowninFigure3.Thecircuitincludescontrollogiccircuit,samplingcircuit,overchargedetectioncircuit,over-dischargedetectioncomparator,overcurrentdetectioncomparator,loadshort-circuitdetectioncircuit,level-shiftingcircuitandreferencecircuit（BGR）.

Over-current

detectioncomparator2

Loadshortdetectioncircuit

Over-current

detectioncircuit

Over-current

detectioncomparator1

Overchargedetectioncomparator

Levelconversion

circuit

Controllogiccircuit

Overdischarge

detectioncomparator

Samplingcircuit

Figure3Blockdiagramofbatteryprotection

ThismoduleconstitutesaprotectioncircuitshowninFigure4.Underthechipsupplyvoltagewithinthenormalscopeofwork,andtheVMpinvoltageattheovercurrentdetectionvoltage,thebatteryisinnormaloperation,thechargeanddischargecontrolofthechiphighpowerendoftheCOandDOarelevel,whenthechipisinnormalworkingmode.LargerwhenthebatterydischargecurrentwillcausevoltageriseoftheVMpinattheVMpinvoltageatabovethecurrentdetectionvoltageViov,thenthebatteryisthecurrentstatus,ifthisstatetomaintainthetiovovercurrentdelaytime,thechipbanonbatterydischarge,thenthechargetocontroltheendofCOishigh,thedischargecontrolsideDOislow,thechipisinthecurrentmode,generalinordertoplayonthebatterysaferandmorereasonableprotection,thechipwillbatteryover-dischargecurrenttotakeoverthedischargecurrentdelaytimeprotection.Thegeneralruleisthattheover-dischargecurrentislarger,overtheshorterthedischargecurrentdelaytime.AboveOverchargedetectionvoltage,thechipsupplyvoltage（Vdd>Vcu）,thebatteryisinoverchargestate,thisstateistomaintainthecorrespondingoverchargedelaytimetcuchipwillbeprohibitedfromchargingthebattery,thendischargecontrolendDOishigh,andchargingcontrolterminalCOislow,thechipisinchargingmode.Whenthesupplyvoltageofthechipundertheoverdischargedetectionvoltage（Vdd

Protection

module

Figure4Protectioncircuitapplicationschematicdiagram

4.CircuitDesign

Twochargeprotectionmodulestructurediagram,thecircuitcanbedividedintofourparts:

thepowerdetectioncircuit（under-voltagedetectioncircuit）,partofthebiascircuit（samplingcircuit,thereferencecircuitandbiascircuit）,thecomparator（includingtheoverchargedetection/overdischargedetectioncomparator,over-currentdetectionandloadshort-circuitdetectioncircuit）andthelogiccontrolpart.

Thispaperdescribestheunder-voltagedetectioncircuit（Figure5）,andgivesthebandgapreferencecircuit（Figure6）.

Outputcircuit

difference

amplifier

Bleeder

circuit

Reference

circuit

Biasingcircuit

Figure5Under-voltagedetectioncircuit

Amplifier

Amplifier

Figure6Areferencepowersupplycircuitdia