虚拟语气高考真题.docx
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虚拟语气高考真题
虚拟语气高考真题（总9页）
MODULE5第三课时虚拟语气讲解
一、语气的分类
语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。
英语中的语气有三种：
陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
（1）陈述语气（indicativemood）,表示所说的话是事实。
（2）祈使语气（imperativemood）,表示所说的话是请求或命令。
（3）虚拟语气（subjunctivemood）,表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。
二、虚拟语气在条件句中的应用
学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：
条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句（或称虚拟条件句）两种。
真实条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的从句与主句都用陈述语气。
例如：
Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgoforapicnic.
虚拟条件句所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的从句与主句皆须用虚拟语气。
从句
主句
与现在事实
相反的假设
If+主语+动词过去式（be的过去式用were）
主语+should/would/might/could动词原形
与过去事实
相反的假设
If+主语+had+过去分词
主语+should/would/might/could+have＋过去分词
与将来事实
相反的假设
If+主语+动词过去式（be的过
去式用were）；
should＋动词原形；
wereto＋动词原形
主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句的例句：
（1）IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.
（2）IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句的例句：
（3）IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.
（4）Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.
3.与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句的例句：
（5）Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.
（6）Ithinkwecoulddoit,ifweplanneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.
（7）Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.
三、if虚拟条件句型注意点：
（1）错综时间条件句
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为“错综时间条件句”，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。
Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.
Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeintrouble.
如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，这是应把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去进行倒装。
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.
WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.
Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.
Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.
IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.
HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.
Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?
Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?
四、虚拟语气特殊句型：
1.Wish的
宾语从句
（1）IwishIwereabird.（现在）
（2）IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.（过去）
（3）Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.（将来）
2.Wouldrather+Clause
（1）Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.
（2）Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.
（3）Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.
3.asif/though+Clause
（1）Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.
（2）Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.
（3）HelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgotothe注意：
如果表示的事情可能会发生或是事实，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
例如：
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.
4.It’s（about/high）time+that
It’shightimethatyouwent.
It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.
It’stimethatwewenttobed.
It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.
5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气
常见动词：
一个坚持，两个命令，四个建议，四个要求。
即:
insist
order,command
advise,suggest,propose,recommend
demand,require,request,desire
◆这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。
即从句中的动词要使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。
（1）WesuggestedthatTomhavearest.
（2）HeinsistedthatI（should）bepresent.
（3）Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.
（4）Theyrequestedthatwe（should）sendthemtoworkthere.
【注意】若suggest作“表明，暗示”将时不用虚拟语气；insist表示“坚持认为”讲，也不用虚拟语气。
例如：
（1）Hisexpressionsuggestedhewasangry.
（2）Heinsistedthathehadnothingtodowithit.
◆以上动词相应的名词order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。
即从句中的动词要使用（should）+动词原形。
6.用介词短语代替条件状语从句。
常用的介词有：
with、without和butfor。
（1）Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars（=ifyouhadamilliondollars）
（2）Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.（=ifIhadn’tgotyourhelp）
（3）Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.（=ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp）
7.含蓄条件句
有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。
如：
（1）Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.
（2）Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.
（3）Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.
（4）Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theywouldhaveraisedtheiroutputquickly.
7.Ifonly…要是就好了
（1）IfonlyIknewhisname!
（2）Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!
（3）IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!
8.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+thatClause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形
（1）Itisimportantthatwe（should）masteraforeignlanguage.
（2）Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.
（3）It’snecessarythatwe（should）studyhard.
六、习题
1．Ifhehadnotmissedthetrain,he______bythen.
A．mightgetB．mighthavegotC．gotD．hadgot
2．IfI______outofmyink,Iwouldhavefinishedwritingthepaper.
A．didn'trun B．shouldn'trun C．haven'trunD．hadn'trun
3．IfI______you，Iwouldn'treturnthecall．
A．be B．am C．was D．were
4．______today，hewouldgettherebyFriday．
A．Wouldheleave B．Washeleaving
C．Werehetoleave D．Ifheleaves
5．Withoutyourhelp，we______somuch．
A．willnotachieve B．didn'tachieve
C．don'tachieve D．wouldnothaveachieved
6．Ifhe______thestorekeeper'sscissors,hewouldhaveforgottentobuyapair．
A．wouldnotseen B．hadnotseenC．hadseenD．hasseen
7．Butforwater，it______impossibletoliveinthedesert．
A．is B．was C．were D．wouldn'tbe
8．______it______foryourhelp，Icouldn'thavemadeanyprogress．
A．Had；notbeen B．Should；notbeen
C．Did；notbeen D．Not；be
9．IfonlyI______mycar！
A．hadn'tlost B．wouldnotloseC．didn'tlose D．haven'tlost
10．______Ibefreetomorrow，Icouldgowithyou．
A．Could B．Should C．Might D．Must
11.Thetwostudentstalkedasifthey_____friendsforyears.
A.shouldbe B.wouldbeC.havebeen D.hadbeen
12._____thefog,weshouldhavereachedourschool.
A.Becauseof B.InspiteofC.Incaseof D.Butfor
13.Mikecantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.
A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaught D.wouldteach
14.Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer,haditbeenpossible,butI_____sobusythen.
A.hadbeen B.wereC.was D.wouldbe
15.Youlooksotiredtonight.Itistimeyou_____.
A.gotosleep B.wenttosleepC.gotobedD.wenttobed
16.HadIknownhername,_____
A.ordoessheknowmine?
B.andwheredoesshelive?
C.shewouldbebeautiful. D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.
17.Hehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe_____allaboutthat.
A.know B.knowsknown D.knew
18.Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwise,he_____tothemeeting.
A.wouldcome B.cameC.wouldhavecome D.willcome
19.Iwishthatyou_____suchabadheadachebecauseI’msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.
A.hadn’t B.didn’thavehadC.hadn’thad D.hadn’thave
20.Helencouldn’tgotoFranceafterall.That’stoobad.I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif_____.
A.she’sgone B.she’llgoC.she’dgone D.she’dgo
21．Thejobwouldrequirethat______at7o'clockeverymorning．
A．hewillbeatthefactory B．hebeatthefactory
C．hewasatthefactory D．hehasbeenatthefactory
22．Youradvicethatshe______tillnextweekisreasonable．
A．willwait B．isgoingtowait C．waits D．wait
23．Thehousemasterwasstrict．Herequestedthatwe______televisiononweeknights．
A．notwatch B．mustnottowatch
C．notbewatching D．havenotwatched
24．Itisnecessarythataworker______hisworkontime．
A．accomplishes B．canaccomplishC．accomplishD．hasaccomplished
25．Itisimportantthathe______hisdecisionbeforeFriday．
A．willmake B．makes C．make D．mustmake
26．I'dratheryou______anythingaboutitforthetimebeing．
A．do B．didn'tdo C．don't D．didn't
27．______it______foryourhelp，Icouldn'thavemadeanyprogress．
A．Had；notbeen B．Should；notbeen
C．Did；notbeen D．Not；be
28．Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting______offtillnextweek．
A．toput B．beputC．shouldput D．beputting
29．Itwasstrangethatwe______shortofwaterinthecountrywhereitwasalwaysraining.
A．are B．be C．shouldbe D．bothBandC
30．Hetriedtofindsomeexcuseforthedebt,butIinsistedthathe______itoffatonce.
A．mustpay B．oughttopay C．paid D．pay
31．Mr.Fordinsistedthathe______right,thoughtheothersdidn'tthinkso.
A．shoulddo B．shouldhavedone C．haddone D．did
32．Hispalefacesuggestedthathe______thesadnews.
A．shouldbetold B．shouldhavebeentold
C．wastold D．hadbeentold
33．Hesuggestedthatwe______hereatonce.
A．shouldleave B．mustleave C．left D．oughttoleave
34．Myorderisthateveryone______theirownworkintime.
A．mustcomplete B．completed C．completes D．complete
35．We'vemadethedecisionthatwe______attheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.
A．willgatherB．areabouttogatherC．wouldgatherD．shouldgather
MODULE5第四课时CloingandDNA（59）
主备人：
张彩虹检测人：
纪冬冬审核人：
刘俊青
Goals:
1.Masterthemainideasofthepassage.
2.Torememberthephasesandlanguagepoints.
I.【CloingandDNA】课文短语呈现
1.beidenticalto与……完全相同2.bymistake错误地
3.asequenceof一系列的4.bebeneficialto对……有益
5.relyon依靠；依赖6.thefundamentalcomponentsoflife生命的基本成分
7.anoptionaltreatment一种可选择的治疗方法
8.underunknownpsychologicalpressure处于无形的压力之下
9.becontradictoryto与……相反/相互矛盾
10.obtainasupplyofstemcells获得干细胞的供应
11.recoverfromadisease从疾病中恢复过来
12.voluntarycodeofpractice自愿的行为规范
13.restrictthebiodiversity限制生物多样性
14.atacrimescene在犯罪现场
15.thelatestresearchintoDNA对DNA的最新调查
II.Languagepoints
1.Doyouthinkcloningmaybebeneficial/helpfultohumans?
升级会员 