河南省鹤壁市届高三下学期模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx

河南省鹤壁市届高三下学期模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx

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河南省鹤壁市届高三下学期模拟考试英语试题Word版含答案

2021届高三年级模拟考试

英语

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Dallas-FortWorthispackedwithsportingevents,holidayhappenings,andautumnalfestivalsduringthemonthofNovember.

TheAAATexas500:

ThisNASCARCupSeriesheldattheTexasMotorSpeedwayhasbeenwonbyfamouspeople.IttypicallytakesplaceinNovember,butin2021,itwillbeheldonOctober26.Ticketsrangeinpricefrom$49to$400.

DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday:

A“12DaysofChristmas”－inspiredlightdisplay,thistwo-monthshowiscomposedof“25-foot-tallbeautifullydecoratedVictorian-stylegazebos（凉亭）”，theorganizerssay,andmorethanamillionlightsarehungaroundthegardens,onhistorichomes,andsoforth.HolidayattheArboretumwilltakeplacefromNovember7toDecember31,2021.

SundanceSquareParadeofLights:

HeldeachyearindowntownFortWorth,theSundanceSquareParadeofLightsfeaturesmorethan100lights,marchingbands,antiquecars,anappearancebySantaClaus,andperformers.Streetseatsareavailableforafeebuttherearealsoplentyoffreeviewingareasalongtheroute.Theparadebeginsat7p.m.onNovember22,2021,atthecrossroadofWeatherfordStreetandHoustonStreet.

YMCATurkeyTrot:

Morethan25,000peopleparticipateinthisThanksgivingDay5Krun/walk.GuestsareaskedtodresslikeaturkeyandbeginthecharityracefromDallasCityHallat9a.m.In2021,theracewilltakeplacefromNovember20to29.

1.HowwilltheAAATexas500bedifferentin2021?

A.Itwillattractwell-knownracers.

B.Itwilllastalongerperiodoftime.

C.Itspriceswillbegreatlyincreased.

D.Itsdatewillbeadvanced.

2.WhatcanyouseeattheArboretumfromNov.7toDec.31?

A.Historicpictures.

B.Antiquecars.

C.Victorian-stylebuildings.

D.SantaClaus.

3.Whicheventhasrequirementsfortheparticipants'clothes?

A.TheAAATexas500.

B.YMCATurkeyTrot.

C.DallasBotanicalGarden'sHoliday.

D.SundanceSquareParadeofLights.

B

Today,westudyliteraturefromayoungage—learningaboutourhistories,farawayworldsandinfluentialpeople.Whetherwenoticeornot,thesestories—bothfictionandnon-fiction—guideusthroughoutourlives.Theyallowustoseetheworldthroughanother’seyes,openupourworldandteachusabouteverysubjectknowntoman.

Despitetheirimportance,manypeoplethrowouttheiroldbooks—layingwastethewisdomthatliesoneachpage.Inanefforttosavethisknowledgeandshareitwiththoselessfortunate,agarbagemanin,Bogota,Colombiahasbeensavingthrown-awaybooksfor20yearsandsharingthemwiththoseinneed.

“Ihatedtoseeallthebooksinthedustbinsofwealthierneighborhoods.SoIstartedtorescuethem,’’saidGutierrez.ThefirstbookhefoundwasacopyoftheclassicnovelAnnaKarenina.TheTolstoybookwaslaterjoinedbyTheLittlePrince,Sophie'sWorld,TheIliadandanumberofnovels.Today,hehascollectedaround25,000books.

Hisgrowingcollectiondidn’tgounnoticed.Gutierrez’sneighborsweresoonborrowingthebookstohelpwiththeirchildren’shomework.“Therewasalackoftheminourneighborhood,sowestartedtohelp,”saidGutierrez.

ThegroundfloorofGutierrez’shomeisnowfilledwithbooks,fromfloortoceiling.Overspillingwithbooks,heopeneditupasafreelibrary,withthehelpofhiswifeLuzGutierrezandtheirthreechildren.

WordeventuallyspreadaroundaboutGutierrezandhisbooks.Mostofthebooksnowcomefromdonations.Henowtravelsaroundthecountry,deliveringfreebookstopoorandremotedistricts.Thelibrary,named“TheStrengthofWords",hasdonatedbookstosome235schools,institutionsandcommunitylibrariesacrossColombia.

4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?

A.Bystatingsomefacts.

B.Bycontradictingatheory.

C.Bydescribingascene.

D.Byreferringtodocuments.

5.WhatdidtheTolstoybookmeantoGutierrez?

A.Aheavyfinancialburden.

B.Acompanionindifficulttimes.

C.Thebeginningofhischaritycampaign.

D.Oneofhisgreatestachievementsinlife.

6.WhichsayingdoesGutierrez'sstoryleadustobelieve?

A.Agoodbookisalighttothesoul.

B.Abadbeginningmakesabadending.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Oneman'sgarbageisanotherman'streasure.

7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Tolstoybooksrecoveredfromdustbins.

B.Literaturenowappealstogarbagecollectors.

C.Freelibrariespopularwithneighborhoodkids.

D.Garbagemanbuildsalibraryfromrescuedbooks.

C

They'renottheworld'stallestorlongestbridges,butastringofrivercrossingsmadefromtreerootsareengineeringwondersthatcontainlessonsformodemarchitects.

ThetownofCherrapunjiintheKhasiHillsiscreditedwiththeworldrecordforannualrainfallofover75feet!

Andinthisrainy,wetclimate,therubberfigtreegrowswithabandon.Thetreehasasecondaryrootsystemthatgrowsupabovethegroundfloorandletsthetreeeasilygrowontopofbigstonesandevenoutinthemiddleofstreams.Longago,theKhasis,atribeinMeghalayaregion,realizedtheycouldmakeuseoftheserootstotheirownadvantage.Bycontrollinganddirectingthesecondaryroots,theyhavecreatedstronglivingbridgeswithwhichtocrossstreamsandriversbythemselves.

Tomakeatreegrowinacertaindirection,thetribespeopleusethetrunksofabetelnuttreewhosemiddleisgotridof,asaguidancesystem.Thethin,tenderrootsoftherubbertreeareplacedsotheygrowinthedirectionofthetreetrunkratherthanfanningout.Eventually,therootsreachtheothersideoftheriverandgrowintothesoil.Thisprocesscantakewelloveradecadebeforethebridgeisfullyfunctionalandthenovertimethebridgegrowsandstrengthens.Rocksareplacedalongthebridge'ssidestoimprovethefootpaths.

Someofthesebridgesareover100feetlongandcanevensupporttheweightoffiftyor-morepeopleatatime.ThesebridgesareuseddailybythepeopleofthevillagesaroundCherrapunjiandafewarethoughttobemorethan500yearsold.Thereisevenadoubledeckerbridge,knownasthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge",whichfeaturestwobridgesgrownrightontopofeachother.Itisthoughttobetheonlybridgeofitskind.

8.WhatdoweknowaboutthebridgesinMeghalaya?

A.Theyresemblethefigtreeroots.

B.They'reworksofmodernarchitects.

C.Theytakeaveryshorttimetobuild.

D.They'reconstructedbythevillagers.

9.Howisabetelnuttreeusedinbuildingthebridges?

A.Itplaystheroleofaguide.

B.Itbearstheweightofthebridge.

C.Itprotectsthesurfaceofthebridge.

D.Itdeliversmaterialsacrosstheriver.

10.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlydescribe?

A.Acomplexsystem.

B.Aconstructionprocess.

C.Ascientifictheory.

D.Anaturallandscape.

11.Whatmakesthe“UmshiangDouble-DeckerRootBridge”unusual?

A.Itshistory.

B.Itsmaterial.

C.Itsshape.

D.Itslength.

D

Tolookinsideanantnestistomeetwithanaliencivilization.Theboilingmassofworkerantsbeneathanupturnedstoneisbothstrangelyreminiscentof（联想到）humansocietyandstrikinglydifferent.Thereisanorganizationthatfascinatesusandalonglineofmyrmecophiles（orantlovers）leadsbackallthewaytoKingSolomon,whoinfactadvisedpeopleto“gototheant,considerherwaysandbewise”.ThiswasexactlytheinspirationbehindPlanetAnt,aTVprogramshowcasingwhatweknowaboutthekingdomofants,andwhatantscanteachusaboutthehumanworld.

Likeus,antsbuildstructures,findfood,defendtheirsocietiesandmanagewaste,and-alsolikeus-theymustbewellorganized.Forexample,theleaf-cuttingantsofPlanetAnthavespecialwastedisposalareasforstoringharmfulwasteandateamof“waste-disposalants”dedicatedtokeepingthenestclean.Butantsachievethisfamiliarfinalresultinaverydifferentwaytohumans.Humansocietieshavecentralizedcontrol.Inotherwords,someonetellsuswhattodo.Ants,ontheotherhand,havedecentralizedcontrolandneitherthequeennoranyotherantdirectswork.Antworkersarethefinalself-starters,followingspecific,butpotentiallyflexible,rulesincertainsituations.

Chemicaltrailsunderpinmuchofthisself-organization.Foragers（觅食者）layamixofchemicalsknownastrailpheromone（信息素）behindthemastheywalk.Otherantsfollowthetrailandiftheyfindfoodtheyreinforceit,layingmorepheromoneastheyreturntothenest.Strongertrailsaremorelikelytobefollowed,sotrailsleadingtofoodbecomeprogressivelyreinforced,whiletrailswithnofoodattheendfadeaway.

Thiscombinationofpositivefeedbackandevaporation（蒸发）producesaneffectiveforagingsystemthatisverygoodatfindingthequickestroutestofood.Thissimpleguidingprinciple,andotherslikeit,haveprovidedsomeusefulsolutionstothecomplexproblemsfacedbyengineers,computerscientistsandbusinesses.

12.WhydoestheauthormentionKingSolomoninthefirstparagraph?

A.Toprovideabackground.B.Toshowadmirationforhim.

C.Tostressthewisdomofants.D.Toexplainanabstracttheory.

13.Howdoantsbehavewhileperformingtasks?

A.Theygetordersfromtheirpartners.B.Theychoosetodoonlyroutinetasks.

C.Theystrictlyfollowthequeen’sorders.D.Theyfollowtheirownsensesandcertainrules.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underpin”inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Decide.B.Support.C.Develop.D.Calculate.

15.Whatinformationcanwegetabouttrailpheromonefromthetext?

A.Itcomesfromthefoodresources.B.Itappearsbeforeants’self-organization.

C.Itleadsthefollowingantstofood.D.