北京市海淀区学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含答案.docx

北京市海淀区学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含答案.docx

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北京市海淀区学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含答案

北京市海淀区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

英语

2021.04

学校____________班级_____________姓名_____________成绩_____________

考生须知

1．本试卷共8页，共三大部分，45道小题，满分75分，考试时间QO分钟。

2．在答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名。

3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上．在试卷上作答无效。

4．考试结束．请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。

第一部分:

知识运用（共三节，28分）

第一节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1分，共10分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Koshibahadalegendarylife.Whenhewasakid,hedreamedofbeingasoldierormusician,buthisdreamwasbrokenwhenhisrighthandwasdamagedbypolio（小儿麻痹症）.Whileinthehospital,hereadAdlbertEinstein’sbooksand__1__（become）interestedinphysics.Henevermadeittothetopofhisphysicsclassinhighschool,butwentontostudyattheUniversityofTokyo,thentheUniversityofRochester,__2__heearnedhisPhD.“Therearethingsintheworldyoucanachievedespitepooracademicrecords.”Koshibasaid.”What__3__（count）mostisadoptinganactiveattitudetowardstudying.

B

Zoosplayanimportantroleintheworldforconservationandeducation.Theyare__4__（particular）importantforendangeredspecies.Manyanimalsarecritically__5__dangerandmaygoextinctinthewild,butinzoos,theyaregoingwrong.Manyothersarealreadyextinctinthewildandonlyanimals__6__arekeptinzoossurvive.Eventhosecriticsofzoosoftenrecognizethatitisbettertohavespeciespreservedsomewherethanlosethemaltogether,asanimalsheldinzoos__7__（protect）fromseriousthreat.

C

（8）__________（wear）differentcolorscanaffecthowyoufeelandhowothersreacttoyou,soitisimportanttoconsiderthiswhendeciding（9）__________towearinthemorning.Ifyouwantpeopletotakeyouseriously,putonnavyblueorblack.Bluewouldalsobehelpfulforaninterviewororalexaminationbecauseitrelaxesyouandmakesyoufeelcalm.Redgetsyounoticedbyeveryoneandmakeyoufeelenergetic,（10）___becareful,asitcanraiseyourheartrateandnoteveryonewantthiseffect.Sothinkcarefullybeforeyouleaveyourhouse.

第二节选词填空（共6小题;每小题1分，共6分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从方框中选择适当的词填空，其中有两项为多余选项。

conductcreateddespitediscoveredgainedinfluentialpromisingthough

TuYouyouisthefirstChinesefemalescientistwhowasawardedaNobelPrize.

Shestudiedmedicineand__11__adeepknowledgeabouttraditionalpractices,whichenabledhertobechosentoestablishateamtofindacureformalariain1969.WiththeideathatChineseherbsmightholdthesecret,TuYouyouandherteamstudiedsomerelatedliteratureand__12__alotofresearcheswithlimitedresources.TheyusedmodernresearchmethodstostudytheseChineseherbsonebyone.

Afterhundredsoffailedexperiments,theyeventuallycameacrossa__l3__chemical.TuYouyoubravelyvolunteeredtobethefirsthumansubjectinthetestonhumans.Thechemicalthey__14__artemisinin,hasnowbecometheworld’smosteffectivedrugforfightingmalaria.

Asoneofthemost__l5__figuresofscienceinthe20thCentury,sheisnotinterestedinfameandshecontinuestodoresearchtoday__16__herage.Whatshedidnotonlysavedmillionsoflives,butalsobridgedtheEasternandWesternworlds.

第三节完形填空（共12小题;每小题1分，共12分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

“IwasattackedbyatigersharkinOctober1997.ItwasnearmyhomeontheislandofKanai.Thewaveswerereallygood,sonothingwasstoppingus.”ThatwasuntillargesharkcamerightupunderMikeand__17__histeethintoMike’slowerleg.There’dbeennosplashing,nonoise,andMikefeltnopain,onlyintensepressureonhis__18__body.

Ashetriedtogethimselffree,thesharkbitdownharder,shakingitsheadbackandforthandtossingMikearoundlikeadoll.Mikehitthesharkhardintheface,againandagainuntiltheshark__19__him.AsMikeswambackintoshore,hefelthislowerrightlegspamming（痉挛）;whenhelookeddown,herealizeditwas__20__.Thesharkhadbithislowerlegoff.Mike’sfriendscametohisaidimmediately,andtriedtocontrolseverebleedingandrushedhimtothehospital.

WhenMikeopenedhiseyes,herealizedhewasinthehospital.

Duringthenextfewweeks,Mikeresearchedprosthetics（假肢）andconsideredthe__21__.

AssoonasMikewasgiventheOKbyhisdoctors,hedidwhatmanyofusmightconsider__22__:

hestartedridingthewavesagain.Infact,hisfirsttimebackwasnearthesiteofhisattack.ButMikewasunshaken.Instead,hewascurious-whywasheattacked?

Mike__23__thatthewaterhadafishysmellthemorningoftheattack.Wasthatwhatattractedtheshark?

Hiscuriosityledhimtoresearchsharks,andwhilehenever__24__whyhebecameatarget,Mikedidlearnsomethingthatwouldchangehislife:

Humansarefarmore__25__tosharksthantheotherwayaround,MiketellsReader‘sDigest.”IwatchedadocumentarycalledSharkwater,andIlearnedaboutthe__26__forsharkfinsoupandthefactthat70millionsharksayeararekilledfortheirfinsalone.”

Hisuniquesituationasasharksurvivorempoweredhimtogivesharksa__27__,Mikesays.HebeganworkingwiththeHawaiistatelegislature（立法机关）tohelppassa__28__onshark-relatedproducts.”Ipartneredwithotherlike-mindedsharkattacksurvivorsandmarinebiologists,andweheadedtoWashingtontourgethegovernmenttocreateanationwidebillprotectingsharks.”

17.A.cutB.bitC.sankD.dropped

18.A.upperB.lowerC.innerD.heavier

19.A.releasedB.defeatedC.spottedD.replaced

20.A.caughtB.stolenC.leftD.gone

21.A.injuryB.futureC.careerD.event

22.A.unimportantB.incorrectC.unthinkableD.immature

23.A.provedB.stressedC.recalledD.regretted

24.A.puzzledoverB.figuredoutC.caredaboutD.lookinto

25.A.sensitiveB.friendlyC.riskyD.dangerous

26.A.demandB.anxietyC.benefitD.value

27.A.voiceB.challengeC.rightD.chance

28.A.planB.testC.decisionD.ban

第二部分:

阅读理解（共两节，32分）

第一节阅读选择（共12小题;每题2分，共24分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

WomenWhoChangedScienceForever

ThisInternationalWomen’sDay,we’recelebratingthreewomenwhochangedthefaceofscienceforever.

EllenOchoa

EllenOchoaisanAmericanengineerandretiredastronaut.ShewasthefirstLatinawomantoflyinspaceaspartofthecrewoftheshuttleDiscoveryin1993.OchoaattendedSanDiegoStateUniversityandthencontinuedhereducationatStanford.Ochoaregardshermother,whosepassionforlearningkeptherinpart-timecollegecoursesallthroughOchoa’schildhood,asanimportantinfluenceonhercareer.

Attheendofherflyingcareer,Ochoahadtravelednearly1,000hoursinspace.From2012to2018,OchoaservedasthedirectorofJohnsonSpaceCenterinHouston,Texas,onlythesecondwomantoheadupNASA’shumanspaceflightheadquarters.

MamiePhippsClark

MamiePhippsClarkwasanAmericansocialpsychologist（心理学家），whospecializedinchilddevelopmentinblackchildren.BorninArkansas,Clarkdrewonherearlyexperiencesasablackchildinthesegregated（种族隔离的）AmericanSouthtohelpchildrengrowingupwiththesameiniquities.

ClarkstatedatHowardUniversityin1934,andwentontocompleteaPhDinpsychology.SheandKenneth,nowherhusband,werethefirsttwoblackpeopletoearnPhDsatColumbia.Withtheirfunding,shestartedthefamousDollTest,whichshowedthenegativeeffectsofschoolsegregationonblackchildren.

AnandibaiGopalraoJoshee

AnandibaiJpsheewastobecomeIndia’sfirstwomanphysicianwithamedicaldegree.Whenshewasyoung,herfatherstrayed（偏离）fromthetraditionalHindubeliefthatwomenshouldnotreceiveeducationandencouragedhertogotoschool.Whenshewasfifteen,shewasdeterminedtostudymedicine,achoicelikelyinfluencedbythelossofaninfantsonandsurvivingaseriousillnessherself.AttheWoman’sMedicalCollege,Josheestudieddevotedly,hopingtoreturntoIndiatoserveotherIndianwomen.

ShediedinFebruary1887attheyoungageoftwenty-one.Despitehershortlife,Joshee’saccomplishmentswereremarkableforanIndianwoman,andherachievementswereenoughtoopenthedoorforotherIndianwomentoquicklyfollow.

29.InOchoa’sidea,whatinfluenceshermostinhercareer?

A.Herpart-timejobinacollege.

B.Herfirstflightinspacein1993.

C.Hermother’sdesireforknowledge.

D.HerexperienceinNASAheadquarters.

30.WhatisPhippsClarkfamousfor?

A.HavingaPhDinpsychology.

B.Fightingagainstracialdiscrimination.

C.Startingthetestonthegrowthofchildren.

D.Devotingherselftothefoundingofequalities.

31.Whatdothethreegreatwomenhaveincommon?

A.Theyspecializedinsimilarresearchfields.

B.Theyallexperiencedinequalityineducation.

C.Theywerepioneerschangingourbeliefinwomen.

D.Theywerescientistsinfluencingourwayoflearning

32.Whichofthefollowingwordbestdescribesthethreewomen?

A.Dedicated.B.ModestC.CreativeD.Caring.

B

ECyclingreferstotherecyclingofelectronicitems,whicharebecomingacommonprobleminAmericanhomeandthroughouttheworld.TheEPA,orEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,hasactuallystartedaprogramtohelpandmotivatetherecyclingofelectronics.

Togettheprogramtotheregionalandneighborhoodlevels,theEPAdirectedPlug-IntoeCyelingPartners.”Thesepartnershipssupportelectronicreusingprogramsinindividualcommunities.Theyprovidelocalgovernments,retailersandmanufacturerswithopportunitiestoreuseandrecycletheiritems.Thosewhomakeandofferelectronicdevicesthenpromoteprogramsandopportunitiesforconsumerstoreusetheirsecond-handelectronicproducts.OneoftheEPA’sgoalsistoenlightencustomersaboutwhytherecyclingofelectronicsissoimportant.TheylikewisewishtomakeeCyclingchanceseasilyaccessibletospec