开放英语II1712阶段复习.docx
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开放英语II1712阶段复习
开放英语II
(1)7-12阶段复习
英语II
(1)第二阶段学习小结
深圳电大苏曼华
一、Units7-12中主要学习的语法项目:
(重难点)
1.therefore,although和however的用法(Unit7)
*therefore意为“所以,因此”,表结果,比so更正式,在句中常和and连用。
Heworkeddayandnight,andthereforehewasabletobuyanewsportscar.
*although意为“虽然……,但是……”,不能和but连用。
Althoughtheywere75yearsold,theystillplayedtenniseveryday.
Theystillplayedtenniseverydayalthoughtheywere75yearsold.
*however意为“然而,但是”,表示转折,比but正式。
位置较灵活,在句首时,后面常用逗号。
Hewaswealthy.However,hewasverymean(吝啬).
Althoughhewaswealthy,hewasverymean.
练习:
1.Alltheteammemberstriedtheirbest.Welostthegame,___.
a.therforeb.althoughc.butd.however
2.Parliamentdidn’tthinkthePrimeMinisterdidenoughintheimprovementoffairemployment,___hewasaskedtowritetoParliamentforfurtherexplanation.
a.sob.thereforec.sinced.as
Key:
DB
2.现在完成进行时(Unit8)
时态
结构
举例(write)
现在进行时
am/is/are+V-ing(现在分词)
am/is/arewriting
过去进行时
was/were+V-ing(现在分词)
was/werewriting
*现在完成进行时
have/has+been+V-ing(现在分词)
have/hasbeenwriting
I’vebeenworkinghereforthreeyears.
Ihaven’tbeenworkinghereforverylong.
Haveyoubeenworkinghereforthreeyears?
Howmanyyearshaveyoubeenworkinghere?
Whohavebeenworkinghereforthreeyears?
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较:
现在完成时强调动作的结果,并表示动作已经结束;现在完成进行时强调动作从过去某个时间一直持续到现在,而且还要持续下去。
例如:
Johnhaspaintedthedoor.(已漆完,动作已结束)
Johnhasbeenpaintingthedoor.(还在漆,动作还要持续下去)
We’vecleanedthehouse.Youmaycomeinnow.(强调动作的结果)
We’reverytired.We’vebeencleaningthehouse.(强调动作持续进行)
练习:
1.I’mtired.I___workingveryhard.(Unit6题)
A.haveB.havebeenC.had
2.Pleasewakehimup.He___for4hours.
A.issleepingB.wassleepingC.hadbeensleepingD.hasbeensleeping
3.He___abook,andnowheneedsaholiday.
A.hasbeenwritingB.hadbeenwritingC.willbewritingD.waswriting
Key:
BDA
3.虚拟条件句(Unit10)
真实条件句表示现在或将来可能发生的事情或存在的情况,虚拟条件句表示纯属假设的不可能发生的事情或存在的情况,它是与事实相反的愿望、假想。
真实条件句的构成:
“If+从句主语+一般现在时,主句主语+will/won’t+动词原形”
Ifwebidforthegames,wewillpromotethecountry.
虚拟条件句的构成:
“If+从句主语+动词过去式,主句主语+would(’d)+动词原形”IfIhadthetime,I’dmakesomethingbetter.
注意:
在这种与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句的if从句中,不论从句主语是什么人称,be动词都常用were。
Ifmygrandmotherwerealive,I’daskher.IfIwereyou,I’daskher.
练习:
1.IftheOlympics___here,thecity___greatlyimproved.(样题)
A.come…willbeB.come…willC.willcome…willbeD.willcome…is
2.Ifmygrandmother___alive,I___her.(样题)
A.is…wouldaskB.were…wouldaskC.was…willaskD.were…willask
3.IfI___time,I___somethingbetter.(04年7月题)
A.have…willmakeB.willhave…willmake
C.had…wouldmakeD.hadhad…wouldmake
4.IfI___you,I___studyEnglishharder.(05年1月题)
A.am…wouldB.were…wouldC.am…willD.hadbeen…would
5.IfI___timelastSunday,Iwouldhavegonetovisityou.(05年1月题)
A.hadhadB.hadC.havehadD.wouldhave
6.Ifthere___noair,there___nolivingthing.(05年7月题)
A.were…wouldbeB.was…willbeC.is…isD.is…shouldbe
7.IfyouhadwarnedJane,she___ontime,butshewaslate.(05年7月题)
A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.hadcomeD.wouldhavecome
8.IfIgetthenewjob,I___buyabettercar.(Unit18题)
A./B.willC.would
9.Ifhewerefitter,he___livelonger.(Unit12题)
A./B.willC.would
10.I’llbuyapairofshoesifthestore___soon.
A.openB.openedC.opensD.hasopened
11.IfI___you,Iwoulddoitatonce.
A.amB.wouldbeC.beD.were
12.___,Iwouldgowithhim.
A.IfhewantsB.IfhewantedC.WantedheD.Werehewant
Key:
ABCBA,ADBCC,D,B.
4.进行时的被动语态(Unit11)
被动语态
结构(be+V-ed)
举例(write)
现在进行时
am/is/are+being+V-ed(过去分词)
is/arebeingwritten
过去进行时
was/were+being+V-ed(过去分词)
was/werebeingwritten
Anewhospitalisbeingbuilthere.Isanewhospitalbeingbuilthere?
200peoplewerebeingtreatedinaGlasgowhospitallastweek.
Were200peoplebeingtreatedinaGlasgowhospitallastweek?
Wherewere200peoplebeingtreatedlastweek?
练习:
1.Theroadnearouruniversity___now.(05年1月题)
A.buildsB.isbuildingC.isbeingbuiltD.willbuild
2.Mycarwasbeing___whenitwasstolen.(Unit12题)(05年7月题)
A.repairingB.repairedC.repairD.repairs
3.Anewhotel___inthecentreoftownatthemoment.(Unit18题)
A.hasbeenbuiltB.isbuiltC.isbeingbuilt
4.Isawyourbrotherwhenhe___tohospitalaftertheaccident.
A.beingtakenB.wasbeingtakenC.hasbeentakenD.betaken
5.MayIuseyourcomputer?
Mine____.
A.isbeingrepairedB.isbeingrepairingC.hasrepairedD.arerepaired
Key:
CBCBA
5.间接引语(Unit11)
转述他人的话时,一字不改地引述,叫直接引语,用说话人自己的话转述,叫间接引语。
直接引语一般要加引号,间接引语不用引号。
直接引语变为间接引语时,注意下列变化:
(1)人称的变化:
随直接引语变间接引语后的实际情况决定。
(2)时态的变化:
当引述动词为过去时态时,谓语动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词要起变化。
(在间接引语中,主句时态和从句时态的一致性原则。
)
现在时态变成相应的过去时态(一般现在变成一般过去,现在进行变成过去进行,现在完成变成过去完成),一般过去变成过去完成,过去完成不变,一般将来变成过去将来。
(3)其他的变化:
时间状语,地点状语,指示代词和个别动词也根据情况作相应的变化。
直接引语
间接引语
例句
now
then
Heaskedme,“Whatishedoingnow?
”---Heaskedmewhathewasdoingthen.
today
thatday
Heasked,“Wherewillyougotoday?
”---HeaskedmewhereIwouldgothatday.
yesterday
thedaybefore
Hesaid,“Ididityesterday.”---Hesaidhehaddoneitthedaybefore.
lastweek
theweekbefore
Hesaid,“Ididitlastweek.”---Hesaidhehaddoneittheweekbefore.
threedaysago
threedaysbefore
Hesaid,“Ididittwodaysago.”---Hesaidhehaddoneittwodaysbefore.
tomorrow
thenextday
Hesaid,“I’lldoittomorrow.”---Hesaidhewolddoitthenextday.
nextweek
theweekafter/thenextweek
Hesaid,“I’lldoitnextweek.”---Hesaidhewoulddoittheweekafter.”
here
there
Hesaidtome,“Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?
”---HeaskedmehowlongIhadlivedthere.
this
that
Heaskedme,“Doyoulikethis?
”---HeaskedmeifIlikedthat.
these
those
Heaskedme,“Whatarethese?
”---Heaskedmewhatthosewere.
come
go
Tomsaid,“I’llcomewithMary.”---TomsaidthathewouldgowithMary.
bring
take
Marysaid,“Bringabottleofwinehome,Tom.”---MaryaskedTomtotakeabottleofwinehome.
练习:
1.Thedoctorsaidthathe___fortheimmigrationofficer.(样题)
A.hadtowaitB.havetowaitC.hastowaitD.wait
2.Shetoldmeshe___wellbeforetheflight.(04年7月题)
A.hadn’tsleptB.didn’tsleepC.hasn’tsleptD.doesn’tsleep
3.Mr.Greentoldmeafriendofhis___toChinanextweek.
A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.comesD.came
Key:
AAB
二、Units7-12中主要学习的语言功能:
本阶段除了学习以上重难点之外,我们还学习了以下语言功能:
1.toneeddoing和toneedtodo的用法(Unit7)
toneed+doing意思是“某物(事)需要..”表示被动意义.
Theroofneedsrepairing.Myhairneedscutting.
toneed+todo意思是“某人(主语)需要做某事”。
Weneedtorepairtheroof.WeneedtostudyEnglish.
1.Thebikeneeds___.(06年1月题)
A.repairingB.torepairC.repairD.repairedKey:
A
2.Thebedroomneeds___.(Unit12题)
A.decoratingB.todecorateC.decorateKey:
A
3.Theelectricshaver___beforeitcanbeused.
A.needsrepairingB.requirestorepair
C.shouldbeinrepairD.hastoberepairableKey:
A
4.Theroofofourhouseisbroken,soitneeds___.
a.repairedbrepairingc.beingrepairedd.torepairKey:
B
5.Atpresent,themostimportantthingisthatBritainneeds___moretoimprovetherelationshipwiththeUSA.
a.todob.doingc.tobedoned.doKey:
A
2.tohavesthdone和togetsthdone的用法(Unit7)
“tohave+宾语+过去分词”表示动作并非主语所为,而是使人或安排人做某事,尤指安排专门的人来做。
Theagenthadthewindowspaintedtwoyearsago.
Havetheyhadthebrokenwindowpanesreplacedyet?
在口语中,也常用“toget+宾语+过去分词”表达同样的意思。
Hegotthegutter(排水沟)replaced.
Haveyougotthegatemended?
1.You’dbetterhavethecolourTVset___.(05年1月题)
A.repairedB.repairsC.repairingD.repairKey:
A
2.Wehaveouroffice___everydaybyacleaner.(Unit12题)
A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleanedKey:
C
3.ThereissomtthingwrongwithmyTVset.Imusthaveit___.
A.checkingb.checkc.tocheckd.checkedKey:
D
4.They’llhaveyou___ifyoudon’tpayyourtaxes.
A.tobearrestedb.arrestc.arrestedd.beingarrestedKey:
C
5.Theygotthework___beforetherainyseasonsetin.
A.todob.donec.doingd.didKey:
B
3.描述做某事的感觉(Unit7)
句子结构是:
It’s+形容词+doing…
It’sgood/better/convenient/easy/easier/nice/nicer/safe/safer+doing
Itwasn’tveryeasygettingthetube.Itwasconvenientlivingclosetowork.
1.It’sgreatfun___aboat.(06年1月题)
A.sailB.sailedC.tobesailedD.sailingKey:
D
2.It’sveryconvenient___here.(样题)
A.welivedB.weliveC.liveD.livingKey:
D
4.描述人物的外貌、外观(Unit7)
句子结构是:
主语+look+形容词
Thathouselooksold.Thearealooksdirtyandabitdangerous.
5.表示抱怨和道歉(Unit7)
I’mangry/concerned/unhappy/worriedabout…
I’mappalled/surprised/upsetby…
I’mdisappointed/dissatisfiedwith…
I’msorryabout…Imustapologiseabout…
I’mnotatallhappyaboutthewindows.I’mverysorryaboutthewindows.
I’mnotsatisfiedwiththepainting.Imustapologiseaboutthepainting.
6.spendtimedoing表示业余活动时间安排(Unit8)
Jackspendsunderathirdofhisfreetimedoinghousework.
Jackspendsalargeproportionofhistimesleeping.
1.Jackspendstwohours___housework.(04年7月题)
A.doB.todoC.doneD.doingKey:
D
2.Shelikestospendtime___withhergrandchildren.(Unit12题)
a.playb.toplayc.playingKey:
C
3.Ihavespentalotoftime___workingonthisproblem.(Unit12题)
a.atb./c.onKey:
B
4.Stanspenthalfayear___materialforhisnewbook.
A.tocollectb.collectc.collectingd.collectedKey:
C
7.用祈使句,should,虚拟语气表达指令和忠告(Unit10)
用祈使句表达指令,口气较生硬。
Openthedoor,please,coul