开放英语II1712阶段复习.docx

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开放英语II1712阶段复习.docx

开放英语II1712阶段复习

开放英语II

(1)7-12阶段复习

英语II

(1)第二阶段学习小结

深圳电大苏曼华

一、Units7-12中主要学习的语法项目:

(重难点)

1.therefore,although和however的用法(Unit7)

*therefore意为“所以,因此”,表结果,比so更正式,在句中常和and连用。

Heworkeddayandnight,andthereforehewasabletobuyanewsportscar.

*although意为“虽然……,但是……”,不能和but连用。

Althoughtheywere75yearsold,theystillplayedtenniseveryday.

Theystillplayedtenniseverydayalthoughtheywere75yearsold.

*however意为“然而,但是”,表示转折,比but正式。

位置较灵活,在句首时,后面常用逗号。

Hewaswealthy.However,hewasverymean(吝啬).

Althoughhewaswealthy,hewasverymean.

练习:

1.Alltheteammemberstriedtheirbest.Welostthegame,___.

a.therforeb.althoughc.butd.however

2.Parliamentdidn’tthinkthePrimeMinisterdidenoughintheimprovementoffairemployment,___hewasaskedtowritetoParliamentforfurtherexplanation.

a.sob.thereforec.sinced.as

Key:

DB

2.现在完成进行时(Unit8)

时态

结构

举例(write)

现在进行时

am/is/are+V-ing(现在分词)

am/is/arewriting

过去进行时

was/were+V-ing(现在分词)

was/werewriting

*现在完成进行时

have/has+been+V-ing(现在分词)

have/hasbeenwriting

I’vebeenworkinghereforthreeyears.

Ihaven’tbeenworkinghereforverylong.

Haveyoubeenworkinghereforthreeyears?

Howmanyyearshaveyoubeenworkinghere?

Whohavebeenworkinghereforthreeyears?

现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较:

现在完成时强调动作的结果,并表示动作已经结束;现在完成进行时强调动作从过去某个时间一直持续到现在,而且还要持续下去。

例如:

Johnhaspaintedthedoor.(已漆完,动作已结束)

Johnhasbeenpaintingthedoor.(还在漆,动作还要持续下去)

We’vecleanedthehouse.Youmaycomeinnow.(强调动作的结果)

We’reverytired.We’vebeencleaningthehouse.(强调动作持续进行)

练习:

1.I’mtired.I___workingveryhard.(Unit6题)

A.haveB.havebeenC.had

2.Pleasewakehimup.He___for4hours.

A.issleepingB.wassleepingC.hadbeensleepingD.hasbeensleeping

3.He___abook,andnowheneedsaholiday.

A.hasbeenwritingB.hadbeenwritingC.willbewritingD.waswriting

Key:

BDA

3.虚拟条件句(Unit10)

真实条件句表示现在或将来可能发生的事情或存在的情况,虚拟条件句表示纯属假设的不可能发生的事情或存在的情况,它是与事实相反的愿望、假想。

真实条件句的构成:

“If+从句主语+一般现在时,主句主语+will/won’t+动词原形”

Ifwebidforthegames,wewillpromotethecountry.

虚拟条件句的构成:

“If+从句主语+动词过去式,主句主语+would(’d)+动词原形”IfIhadthetime,I’dmakesomethingbetter.

注意:

在这种与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句的if从句中,不论从句主语是什么人称,be动词都常用were。

Ifmygrandmotherwerealive,I’daskher.IfIwereyou,I’daskher.

练习:

1.IftheOlympics___here,thecity___greatlyimproved.(样题)

A.come…willbeB.come…willC.willcome…willbeD.willcome…is

2.Ifmygrandmother___alive,I___her.(样题)

A.is…wouldaskB.were…wouldaskC.was…willaskD.were…willask

3.IfI___time,I___somethingbetter.(04年7月题)

A.have…willmakeB.willhave…willmake

C.had…wouldmakeD.hadhad…wouldmake

4.IfI___you,I___studyEnglishharder.(05年1月题)

A.am…wouldB.were…wouldC.am…willD.hadbeen…would

5.IfI___timelastSunday,Iwouldhavegonetovisityou.(05年1月题)

A.hadhadB.hadC.havehadD.wouldhave

6.Ifthere___noair,there___nolivingthing.(05年7月题)

A.were…wouldbeB.was…willbeC.is…isD.is…shouldbe

7.IfyouhadwarnedJane,she___ontime,butshewaslate.(05年7月题)

A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.hadcomeD.wouldhavecome

8.IfIgetthenewjob,I___buyabettercar.(Unit18题)

A./B.willC.would

9.Ifhewerefitter,he___livelonger.(Unit12题)

A./B.willC.would

10.I’llbuyapairofshoesifthestore___soon.

A.openB.openedC.opensD.hasopened

11.IfI___you,Iwoulddoitatonce.

A.amB.wouldbeC.beD.were

12.___,Iwouldgowithhim.

A.IfhewantsB.IfhewantedC.WantedheD.Werehewant

Key:

ABCBA,ADBCC,D,B.

4.进行时的被动语态(Unit11)

被动语态

结构(be+V-ed)

举例(write)

现在进行时

am/is/are+being+V-ed(过去分词)

is/arebeingwritten

过去进行时

was/were+being+V-ed(过去分词)

was/werebeingwritten

Anewhospitalisbeingbuilthere.Isanewhospitalbeingbuilthere?

200peoplewerebeingtreatedinaGlasgowhospitallastweek.

Were200peoplebeingtreatedinaGlasgowhospitallastweek?

Wherewere200peoplebeingtreatedlastweek?

练习:

1.Theroadnearouruniversity___now.(05年1月题)

A.buildsB.isbuildingC.isbeingbuiltD.willbuild

2.Mycarwasbeing___whenitwasstolen.(Unit12题)(05年7月题)

A.repairingB.repairedC.repairD.repairs

3.Anewhotel___inthecentreoftownatthemoment.(Unit18题)

A.hasbeenbuiltB.isbuiltC.isbeingbuilt

4.Isawyourbrotherwhenhe___tohospitalaftertheaccident.

A.beingtakenB.wasbeingtakenC.hasbeentakenD.betaken

5.MayIuseyourcomputer?

Mine____.

A.isbeingrepairedB.isbeingrepairingC.hasrepairedD.arerepaired

Key:

CBCBA

5.间接引语(Unit11)

转述他人的话时,一字不改地引述,叫直接引语,用说话人自己的话转述,叫间接引语。

直接引语一般要加引号,间接引语不用引号。

直接引语变为间接引语时,注意下列变化:

(1)人称的变化:

随直接引语变间接引语后的实际情况决定。

(2)时态的变化:

当引述动词为过去时态时,谓语动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词要起变化。

(在间接引语中,主句时态和从句时态的一致性原则。

现在时态变成相应的过去时态(一般现在变成一般过去,现在进行变成过去进行,现在完成变成过去完成),一般过去变成过去完成,过去完成不变,一般将来变成过去将来。

(3)其他的变化:

时间状语,地点状语,指示代词和个别动词也根据情况作相应的变化。

直接引语

间接引语

例句

now

then

Heaskedme,“Whatishedoingnow?

”---Heaskedmewhathewasdoingthen.

today

thatday

Heasked,“Wherewillyougotoday?

”---HeaskedmewhereIwouldgothatday.

yesterday

thedaybefore

Hesaid,“Ididityesterday.”---Hesaidhehaddoneitthedaybefore.

lastweek

theweekbefore

Hesaid,“Ididitlastweek.”---Hesaidhehaddoneittheweekbefore.

threedaysago

threedaysbefore

Hesaid,“Ididittwodaysago.”---Hesaidhehaddoneittwodaysbefore.

tomorrow

thenextday

Hesaid,“I’lldoittomorrow.”---Hesaidhewolddoitthenextday.

nextweek

theweekafter/thenextweek

Hesaid,“I’lldoitnextweek.”---Hesaidhewoulddoittheweekafter.”

here

there

Hesaidtome,“Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?

”---HeaskedmehowlongIhadlivedthere.

this

that

Heaskedme,“Doyoulikethis?

”---HeaskedmeifIlikedthat.

these

those

Heaskedme,“Whatarethese?

”---Heaskedmewhatthosewere.

come

go

Tomsaid,“I’llcomewithMary.”---TomsaidthathewouldgowithMary.

bring

take

Marysaid,“Bringabottleofwinehome,Tom.”---MaryaskedTomtotakeabottleofwinehome.

练习:

1.Thedoctorsaidthathe___fortheimmigrationofficer.(样题)

A.hadtowaitB.havetowaitC.hastowaitD.wait

2.Shetoldmeshe___wellbeforetheflight.(04年7月题)

A.hadn’tsleptB.didn’tsleepC.hasn’tsleptD.doesn’tsleep

3.Mr.Greentoldmeafriendofhis___toChinanextweek.

A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.comesD.came

Key:

AAB

二、Units7-12中主要学习的语言功能:

本阶段除了学习以上重难点之外,我们还学习了以下语言功能:

1.toneeddoing和toneedtodo的用法(Unit7)

toneed+doing意思是“某物(事)需要..”表示被动意义.

Theroofneedsrepairing.Myhairneedscutting.

toneed+todo意思是“某人(主语)需要做某事”。

Weneedtorepairtheroof.WeneedtostudyEnglish.

1.Thebikeneeds___.(06年1月题)

A.repairingB.torepairC.repairD.repairedKey:

A

2.Thebedroomneeds___.(Unit12题)

A.decoratingB.todecorateC.decorateKey:

A

3.Theelectricshaver___beforeitcanbeused.

A.needsrepairingB.requirestorepair

C.shouldbeinrepairD.hastoberepairableKey:

A

4.Theroofofourhouseisbroken,soitneeds___.

a.repairedbrepairingc.beingrepairedd.torepairKey:

B

5.Atpresent,themostimportantthingisthatBritainneeds___moretoimprovetherelationshipwiththeUSA.

a.todob.doingc.tobedoned.doKey:

A

2.tohavesthdone和togetsthdone的用法(Unit7)

“tohave+宾语+过去分词”表示动作并非主语所为,而是使人或安排人做某事,尤指安排专门的人来做。

Theagenthadthewindowspaintedtwoyearsago.

Havetheyhadthebrokenwindowpanesreplacedyet?

在口语中,也常用“toget+宾语+过去分词”表达同样的意思。

Hegotthegutter(排水沟)replaced.

Haveyougotthegatemended?

1.You’dbetterhavethecolourTVset___.(05年1月题)

A.repairedB.repairsC.repairingD.repairKey:

A

2.Wehaveouroffice___everydaybyacleaner.(Unit12题)

A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleanedKey:

C

3.ThereissomtthingwrongwithmyTVset.Imusthaveit___.

A.checkingb.checkc.tocheckd.checkedKey:

D

4.They’llhaveyou___ifyoudon’tpayyourtaxes.

A.tobearrestedb.arrestc.arrestedd.beingarrestedKey:

C

5.Theygotthework___beforetherainyseasonsetin.

A.todob.donec.doingd.didKey:

B

3.描述做某事的感觉(Unit7)

句子结构是:

It’s+形容词+doing…

It’sgood/better/convenient/easy/easier/nice/nicer/safe/safer+doing

Itwasn’tveryeasygettingthetube.Itwasconvenientlivingclosetowork.

1.It’sgreatfun___aboat.(06年1月题)

A.sailB.sailedC.tobesailedD.sailingKey:

D

2.It’sveryconvenient___here.(样题)

A.welivedB.weliveC.liveD.livingKey:

D

4.描述人物的外貌、外观(Unit7)

句子结构是:

主语+look+形容词

Thathouselooksold.Thearealooksdirtyandabitdangerous.

5.表示抱怨和道歉(Unit7)

I’mangry/concerned/unhappy/worriedabout…

I’mappalled/surprised/upsetby…

I’mdisappointed/dissatisfiedwith…

I’msorryabout…Imustapologiseabout…

I’mnotatallhappyaboutthewindows.I’mverysorryaboutthewindows.

I’mnotsatisfiedwiththepainting.Imustapologiseaboutthepainting.

6.spendtimedoing表示业余活动时间安排(Unit8)

Jackspendsunderathirdofhisfreetimedoinghousework.

Jackspendsalargeproportionofhistimesleeping.

1.Jackspendstwohours___housework.(04年7月题)

A.doB.todoC.doneD.doingKey:

D

2.Shelikestospendtime___withhergrandchildren.(Unit12题)

a.playb.toplayc.playingKey:

C

3.Ihavespentalotoftime___workingonthisproblem.(Unit12题)

a.atb./c.onKey:

B

4.Stanspenthalfayear___materialforhisnewbook.

A.tocollectb.collectc.collectingd.collectedKey:

C

7.用祈使句,should,虚拟语气表达指令和忠告(Unit10)

用祈使句表达指令,口气较生硬。

Openthedoor,please,coul

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