历年全国职称英语考试A级考试真题及参考答案.docx

历年全国职称英语考试A级考试真题及参考答案.docx

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历年全国职称英语考试A级考试真题及参考答案

2002年全国职称英语考试理工类（A级）考试试题及参考答案

　　第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　1Thepriceofvegetablesf1uctuatesaccordingtotheweather.

　　AjumpsBrises

　　CfallsDchanges

　　2Didyoudothattoirritateher?

　　AteaseBattract

　　CannoyDprotect

　　3Marylookedpaleandweary．

　　AillBtired

　　CworriedDpeaceful

　　4Thewaterinthispartoftheriverhasbeencontaminatedbysewage（污水）.

　　ApollutedBdowngraded

　　CmixedDblackened

　　5Hertreatmentofthesubjectisexhaustive.

　　AveryboringBverythorough

　　CveryinterestingDverytouching

　　6Aliceisafascinatinggirl.

　　AabeautifulBapretty

　　CanattractiveDapleasant

　　7Hermoodcanbegaugedbyherreactiontothemosttrivialofincidents.

　　AdisplayedBshown

　　CprovedDassessed

　　8TheoldladyletherflattoanEnglishcouple.

　　AofferedBrented

　　CprovidedDsold

　　9Shestoodthere，cryingandtremblingwithfear．

　　AshakingBstaggering

　　CstrugglingDmurmuring

　　10Theystrolledaroundthelakeforanhourorso.

　　AranBrolled

　　CwalkedDraced

　　11Theconclusioncanbededucedfromthepremises．

　　AarguedBderived

　　CpermittedDcome

　　12Icannolongertoleratehisactions．

　　AputupwithBaccept

　　CtakeDsufferfrom

　　13Ourplanistoallocateonememberofstafftohandleappointments.

　　AaskBpersuade

　　CassignDorder

　　14Shehasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage.

　　AextensiveBnegative

　　CresponsiveDexplosive

　　15Iexpectthatshewillbeabletocaterforyourparticularneeds.

　　AsupplyBreach

　　CprovideDmeet

　　第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该旬提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

　　EruptionsofMountSaintHelens

　　OnMarch27，theUSGovemmentscientistsmadeadecisionaftertheypredictedtheemptionofMountSaintHelens．Theytelephonedallstateandlocalofficialsintheareaandtoldthemthataseriouseruptionwaspossibleatanytime,Roadswereclosedtoeveryoneexceptscientistsandforestkeepersstruggledtokeepcuriousvisitorsawayfromthemountain.

　　ShortlyafternoononMarch27，MountSaintHelenseruptedforthefirsttimein123years．Peoplelivingnorthofthemountainheardaloudboomthatshooktheirwindows，andairlinepilotsflyingnearthevolcanosoonafterwardsdescribedathickblackcolunmofashandsteamshootingmorethan2，100metersintothesky．

　　Later,scientistsfoundthattheexplosionhadmadeanewcrater（大坑）inthetopofthemountain．notfarfromtheoldcrater．Thenorthsideofthepeaknowhadahugebulge（凸出部分）whererockandicehadbeenpushedoutbytheeruption．

　　AseconderuptionshookthemountainonMarch28．It，too，sentupacolumnofblackashhighintothesky．ByMarch29，scientistsflyingoverthemountainsawthatasecondcrater

　　formedabout9metersfromthefirstone．Strangeblueflamesflickered（闪烁）insidethecraterandsometimesjumpedfromonecratertotheother．

　　ByAprilthemountainhaderuptedseveralmoretimesandthesnowonthenorthslopeofthepeakwasblackwithash．Ashcarriedbythewindhadfallenontownsasfaras240kilometers

　　awayfromMountSaintHelens．

　　DuringthefirstweekofApril，MountSaintHelensgavescientistssomethingnewtoworryabout：

harmonictremors（震动）recordedbyscientistsshowedabigeruptionwouldhappen．AllduringAprilandintoMayMountSaintHelenscontinuedtoshudder（震动）andshootoutash．By.April8,twocratershadmergedtofromavastholenearlyahalfofakilometerwideand250metersdeep．

　　Scientists'mainworryduringthistimewasthegrowingbulgeofrockandiceon．thenorthfaceofthemountain．ByMay7scientistsfearedtheworst．TheirwarningsledWashingtonGovernortosetupsafetyzonesaroundthemounmin．Theinner"red"zonewasopentoscientistsonly．Theouter"blue"zonewasopenonlytopeoplewhogotspecialpermits．Butinspiteof

　　thesewarnings，somepeoplegotpasttheroadbarriersandriskedtheirlivestryingtogetclosetothevolcano．

　　16AmericanscientistspredictedthatMountSaintHelenswastoeruptsoon.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　17Pilotsflyingattheheightofmorethan2，100meterssawathickblackcolumnofashandsteamshootingupintotheairfromthecrater．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　18Anewcrater,whichwastothesouthoftheoldone，wasformedaftertheSeconderuption.

　　ARight．BWrongCNotmentioned

　　19ThequakesrecordedduringthefirstweekofAprilintheareaofMountSaintHelenswarnedscientistsofaneweruption．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　20TwoscientistslosttheirlivesduringtheseconderuptionofMountSaintHelens.

　　A．RightBWrongCNotmentioned．

　　21MostofthedreadfuleruptionsofMountSaintHelenstookplaceinearlyMay．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　22TheeruptionofMountSaintHelensattractedalargenumberofforeigntourists．

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第3～6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　ElectromagneticEnergy

　　1．Whitelightseemstobeacombinationofallcolors．Theenergythatcomesfromasourceoflightisnotlimitedtothekindofenergyyoucansee．Heatisgivenoffbyaflameoranelectriclight．Onacloudydayitispossibletogetasunbameventhoughyoufeelcoo1．Visiblelightandthekindsofenergythatproducewarmthandsunburnareexamplesofelectromagneticenergy．

　　2．Thesunis93millionmilesfromtheearth．Yetwecanuseenergyfromthesunbecauseelectromagneticenergytravelsthroughspace．

　　3．ManyOtherkindsofenergyarealsotypesofelectromagneticenergy．Radio，television，andradarsignalstravelfromtransmitterstoreceiversaslow-energyelectromagneticwaveslInfrared（红外线的）radiationisanelectromagneticwave．Whenitisabsorbedbymatter．heatisproduced.Wavesofinfraredandvisiblelighthavemoreenergythanwavesofradio，television，orradar.Ultravioletrays（紫外线）andX-raysareelectromagneticwaveswithevengreateramountsofenergy．Infraredradiationisusedincookingfoodandheatingbuildings．Sunlightandelectriclightsarepartofourrequirementsfornormalliving．Ultravioletradiationisusefulinkillilagcertaindiseaseorganisms．X-raysandgammarayshavesomuchenergythattheytravelrightthroughsolidobieets．Theycanbeusedtodetectandtreatcancer．X-raysareusedinindustrytofindhiddencracksinmetal．andinmedicinetorevealbrokenbones．

　　4．Usuallyweuseelectricityto．generateelectromagneticenergy．Thesourceofmostofourenergyisthesun．Heatfromthesuncauseswatertoevadorate．Whenthewaterfallstotheearthasrain．someofitistrappedbehinddamsandthenusedtooperateelectricgenerators．Othergeneratorsarepoweredbycoal，buttheenergystoredincoalcamefromthesun，too．

　　5．Untilrecently,thesourceofthetremendousamountofenergygivenoffbythesunwasapuzzle．Ifthesundependedonchemicalreactions．itwouldhaveusedupallitsenergylongago．Experimentswithelectromagneticradiationledtothetheorythatmasscanbeconvertedintoenergy．Aboutfortyyearsafterthetheorywasproposed，nuclearenergywashamessed（利用）byman.Chemicalenergycomesfromelectron（电子）rearrangement．Nuclearenergycomesfromachangeinthenucleusofanatom．Comparedwithchemicalreactions，nuclearreactionsreleasemillionsoftimesmoreenergyperpoundoffuel．Wenowbelievethatthesun'senergycomesfromthenuclearreactionsinwhichhydrogenischangedintohelium（氦）．

　　6．Nuclearenergyisbeginningtocompetewithcoalasaneconomicalsourceofpowertogenerateelectricity．Itisalsobeingusedtooperateenginesinlargeships．Scientistscontinuetoseeknewandbettermethodsofobtainingandusingenergy.

　　23Paragraph3

　　24Paragraph4

　　25Paragraph5

　　26Paragraph6

　　ANuclearReactionsastheLastingSourceoftheSun'sEnergy

　　BTheMostlmportantSourceofEnergy

　　CTypesofElectromagneticEnergy

　　DTheMachinesUsedforEnergyGeneration

　　ESeekingNewSourcesofEnergy

　　FTheUseofUltravioletRadiationinMedicine

　　27Onecangetasunburneven.

　　28Infraredradiationcanproduceheat.

　　29X-raysandgammarayscanbeusedtodetectand

　　treatcancer.

　　30Chemicalenergyisgenerated.

　　Awhenitisabsorbedbymatter

　　Bwhenitiscloudy

　　Cbecausetheycanpassthroughsolidobjects

　　Dwhenthesunraysarefierce

　　Ewhenachangeinthenucleusofanatomtakesplace

　　Fwhenelectronrearrangementtakesplace

　　第4部分：

阅读理解（第3~45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　第一篇ValuingChildhood

　　Thevalueofchildhoodiseasilyblurred（变得模糊不清）intoday'sworld．Considersomerecentdevelopments：

Thechild．murderersintheJonesboro,Ark．schoolyardshootingcasewereconvictedandsentenced．Twoboys，7and8,werechargedinthemurderofan11-year-oldgirlinChicago．

　　Childrenwhocommithorriblecrimesappeartoactoftheirownwill．Yet，aslegalproceedingsinJonesboroshowed，theoneboywhowasabletoaddressthecourtcouldn'tbegintoexplainhisacts．thoughhetriedtoapologize．Theremayhavebeenamotive-youthfuljealousy（妒忌）andresentment．Butadeeperquestionremains：

Whydidtheseboysandothersinsimilartroubleapparentlylackanyinner,moralrestraint?

　　ThatquestionechoesfortheaccusedinChicago．youngastheyare．Theywantedthegirl'sbicycle,aselfishimpulsecommonenoughamongkids．

　　Redemption（拯救）isapracticalnecessity．Howcanvalueberestoredtoyounglivesdistortedbyactsofviolence?

TheboysinJonesboro