高考英语天津专版二轮复习文档专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组3 含答案.docx

高考英语天津专版二轮复习文档专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组3 含答案.docx

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高考英语天津专版二轮复习文档专题三阅读理解第三节题组3含答案

A

（2017·河西区二模）

Airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreseriousinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthatpublicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen，openspaces.And，inthesesurroundings，theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.Itisraretoseepeoplebeingatoddsorevenfightinginagarden.Itseemstobeprovedthatifhumanbeingscanfreelybreatheandshareair，thereisnoprimaryreasonforthemtostrugglewithoneanother.

Butdoweonlysensewhatlifecouldbewhenweenjoygreenspaces?

Theplantworldsilentlyshowsuswhatareflectionoflifetruthfullyis.Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning，urgingustocareforourbreath.Wemust，inturn，careforit，opposinganysortofpollutionthatdestroysbothourworldandthatofplants.Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentioniswhatexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld.Oftendescribedas“thelungsoftheplanet”，thewoodsthatcovertheearthofferusthegiftofbreathableairbyreleasingoxygen.Buttheircapacitytorenewtheairpollutedbyindustryhaslongreacheditslimit.Ifwecontinuetopollutetheairbyfillingitwithchemicalsanddestroytheabilityofplantstorestoreitwewillsoonpullourworldintoanunavoidabledisaster.

Humansmustlearntosharelife，bothwitheachotherandwithplants.Thistaskcanbecarriedoutonlywheneachtakesituponher-orhimselfandonlywhenallworktogether.Thelessontaughtbyplantsisthathumanlifecanonlyexistwithnature.Wemustcometoviewtheair，theplantsandourselvesasthecontributorstotheprotectionoflifeandgrowth，ratherthanproductiveobjectswecanuseandthrowawayfreely.Perhapsthenwewouldfinallybegintolive，ratherthanmerelysurvive.

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“beingatodds”mean?

A．Relaxing.B．Exercising.

C．Hurrying.D．Conflicting.

答案　D

解析　词义猜测题。

根据上一句中的“...theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.”可知，他们是和平的，因此很少看到有人争吵或打架等，因此猜测“beingatodds”的意思为“起冲突”，故选D。

2．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatdoestheauthorsupposemightbetheprimaryreasonthatpeoplewouldstrugglewitheachother?

A．Togettheirshareofcleanair.

B．Topursueacomfortablelife.

C．Togainahighersocialstatus.

D．Toseekeconomicbenefits.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Itseemstobeprovedthatifhumanbeingscanfreelybreatheandshareair，thereisnoprimaryreasonforthemtostrugglewithoneanother.”可知，如果人们能自由地呼吸到新鲜空气，就没理由跟别人争斗，故选A。

3．Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawourclosestattentionto?

A．Themassiveburningoffossilfuels.

B．Ourrelationshiptotheplantworld.

C．Thecapacityofplantstorenewpollutedair.

D．Large-scaledeforestationacrosstheworld.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据第三段第四句“Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentioniswhatexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld.”可知，作者最想让我们关注的是我们和植物世界的关系，故选B。

4．Howcanhumanbeingsachievethegoalofprotectingtheplanet，accordingtotheauthor?

A．Byshowingrespectforplants.B．Bypreservingallformsoflife.

C．Byconsumingallnaturalresources.D．Byallmakingtheireffortstogether.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据最后一段第二句“Thistaskcanbecarriedoutonlywheneachtakesituponher-orhimselfandonlywhenallworktogether.”可知，人类想实现保护星球这个目标就要团结一致共同努力，故选D。

5．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinordernottojustsurvive，butlivebetter?

A．Expandtherangeofliving.

B．Developnature’spotentials.

C．Sharelifewithnature.

D．Explorenewresources.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据最后一段内容尤其是其第一句“Humansmustlearntosharelife，bothwitheachotherandwithplants.”可知，为了活得更好，我们应与自然分享生活。

故选C。

B

（2017·南开区二模）

Thetemperatureissharplyrisingwitheachpassingday.People，includingmanyexperts，finditdifficulttoslowdowntheprocess.However，leavingcoalandmajorfossilfuelsinthegroundcouldhelptolimitclimatechangeinthefuture，accordingtoanewstudy.Thatistosay，athirdofoilreservesontheearth，halfofgasreservesandover80percentofcurrentcoalreservesshouldnotbeusedbeforetheyear2050.Ifwearetopreventglobaltemperaturesfromrisingabove2degreesCelsiusinthenearfuture，weoughttocarryoutsomemeasurestoseverelycontroltheemissionsfromfactories，vehiclesandevenourdaily-lifecooking.However，itisagoalthatseemstobeimpossibleinoureyes.

“Policymakersindifferentcountriesmustrealizethattheirattempttocompletelyusethefossilfuelswithintheircountriesiswhollyincompatible（矛盾的）withtheirhopetoreachthe2-degreegoal，”DrChristopheMcGladeatUniversityCollegeLondon’sEnergyInstitutesaidinastatement.“Iftheygoaheadwithdevelopingtheirownresources，”headded，“theymustbeaskedwhichreserveselsewhereshouldremainunburnedinorderforthecarbonbudgetnottogobeyondthelimit.”

It’snotsurprisingtoseehowtappingintotheseunusedreserveswouldbeattractive.Energy-relatedindustryisabigbusinessallovertheworld.TherearemanycoalreservesinChina，RussiaandtheUnitedStates，alongwithover260thousandmillionbarrelsofoilreservesintheMiddleEast.NottomentionthatoiliscurrentlybeingdevelopedintheArctic.Companiesspentover

670billionlastyearintheexpansionoffossilfuels，butaccordingtothenewmodelusedinthislateststudy，developersmayneedtorethinktheirplanstodeveloptheseundergroundresourcessoastomakesomecontributionstocontroltheworldtemperaturefromrisinghighinthefuture.

“We’venowgotpracticalfiguresofthequantitiesandlocationsoffossilfuelsthatshouldremainunusedintryingtokeepwithinthe2-degreetemperaturelimit，”addedMcGlade.Worldleadersandpolicymakersshouldtaketheadvicetoheart，becausearecentIPCCreportwarnedthatifimmediateandgreatactionsarenottakensoon，climatechangewillcauseirreversible（不可逆转的）impactsonenvironmentsworldwide，leavingtheworldanunsafeplaceforustolivein.

语篇解读　本文为议论文。

论述了全球气候变化与化石燃料的关系。

6．AccordingtoParagraph1，ourgoalisto.

A．discovermorefossilfuelsforthefuturegeneration

B．slowdowntheclimatechange

C．refusetousereservesontheearth

D．keepthetemperaturerisebelow2degreesCelsius

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

由首段中的“Ifwearetopreventglobaltemperaturesfromrisingabove2degreesCelsiusinthenearfuture，weoughtto...”及“However，itisagoalthat...”可知答案为D。

7．Theunderlinedword“emissions”inParagraph1refersto“”．

A．thingsthataresentoutintotheair

B．productsthataremadefromfossilfuels

C．factorsthatcausetheclimatechange

D．changesthathappenaftertemperaturerise

答案　A

解析　词义猜测题。

由前后语境可推知，画线词指的是“排放到空气中的物质”，故选A。

8．AccordingtowhatMcGladesaidinParagraph2，allcountriesshould.

A．makefulluseoftheirfossilfuels

B．worktogethertowardsthe2-degreegoal

C．findbetterwaystodigoutthecoal

D．increasetheglobalcarbonbudget

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。

通读第二段可推断出答案为B。

9．WecaninferfromParagraph3thatgreateffortshavebeenmadein.

A．diggingouttheoilintheMiddleEastB．gettingpeopletorethinktheirfuelplans

C．developingfossilfuelsaroundtheworldD．developingenergy-relatedindustryworldwide

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。

由第三段中的“tappingintotheseunusedreserves”，“intheexpansionoffossilfuels”及“developersmayneedtorethinktheirplanstodeveloptheseundergroundresources”可推断出答案为C。

10．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureoftemperaturecontrol?

A．Confident.B．Negative.

C．Satisfied.D．Unclear.

答案　B

解析　观点态度题。

由第一段首句和尾句及最后一段尾句可推测出作者对未来大气温度的控制持消极的态度。

C

（2017·天津一中3月考）

Styrofoam，orpolystyrene，isalight-weightmaterial，about95percentair，withverygoodinsulation（隔热）properties，accordingtoEarthsourceorg.Itisusedinproductsfromcupsthatkeepyourdrinkshotorcoldtopackagingmaterialthatprotectsitemsduringshipping.

Withtheabovegoodfeatures，Styrofoamstillenjoysabadreputation.Itcannotberecycledwithoutreleasingdangerouspollutionintotheair.TheU．S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencysaysitisthefifth-largestcreatorofharmfulwaste.

Butnowthecommonwormswhichareusuallydisgustingcancometotherescue，specifically，mealworms.ScientistsfromtheU．S.andChinahavediscoveredthatmealwormscandigestplastic.Onemealwormcandigestapill-sizedamountofplasticaday.Studyco-authorWei-MinWusaysthatin24hours，theplasticisturnedintocarbondioxide.

SinceStyrofoamhasnonutritionatall，arethewormshurtbyeatingplastic?

Muchtothescientists’surprise，thestudyfoundthatwormseatingStyrofoamwereashealthyaswormseatingbran（谷糠）．

Theresearcherswillstudytheworm’seatinghabitsanddigestingsystem，lookingtocopytheplasticbreakdownbutonalargerscale.Oncethewaycanbeputintopractice，itwillmakearevolutionarydifferencetothedisposalofplastic.

“Solvingtheissueofplasticpollutionisimportant，”saysWu，aStanfordUniversityenvironmentalengineeringinstructor.Afterall，ourearthissmallandlandfillspaceisbecominglimitedwithtoomuchgarbagewaitingtobedealtwith，hesays.

About33milliontonsofplasticarethrownawayintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Plasticplates，cupsandcontainerstakeup25percentto30percentofspaceinAmerica’slandfills.OneStyrofoamcuptakesmorethan1millionyearstorecycleinalandfill，accordingtoClevelandStateUniversity.

语篇解读　文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫，研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题。

11．WhatdoweknowaboutStyrofoam?

A．Itcanbeusedtocooldrinks.

B．Itisaweightlessmaterial.

C．Itisharmfulwhenrecycled.

D．Itisusuallyusedonships.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

第二段第二句“Itcannotberecycledwithoutreleasingdangerouspollutionintotheair.”为双重否定，表达的是肯定的意思，即“它被回收时会向空气中释放危险的污染物”，故选C。

12．Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?

A．Mealwormshaveamazingdigestingpower.

B．Mealwormsarenotbadintheirnature.

C．Mealwormscanrescuepeople’slives.

D．Peoplemisunderstoodmealwormsinthepast.

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。

根据第三段中“ScientistsfromtheU．S.andChinahavediscoveredthatmealwormscandigestplastic.Onemealwormcandigestapill-sizedamountofplasticaday.”可知，黄粉虫幼虫有令人惊奇的消化能力，故选A。

13．Whywillresearchersstudytheworm’seatinghabitsanddigestingsystem?

A．Tofindwaystohelpmealwormsgrowlarger.

B．Toimitatetheirwaysofbreakingdownplastic.

C．Tohelpdeveloptheirdigestingability.

D．Tomakesureoftheirsafetyaftereatingplastic.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。

根据第五段中“lookingtocopytheplasticbreakdownbutonalargerscale（期望模仿塑料的分解但是在更大的规模上）”推断研究者是为了模仿这些虫子分解塑料的方式，故选B。

14．Inthefuture，plasticmayberecycled.

A．byraisingamountsofmealworms

B．byenvironmentalengineeringinstructors

C．usingamethodinspiredbyeatingmealworms

D．withoutsendingoutdangerouspollution

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。

文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫，研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题，故推断一旦模仿成功，塑料的回收利用就不会危害环境，故选D。

15．What’sthemainideaofthispassage?

A．Styrofoamiswidelyusedindailylife.

B．Mealwormsaregeniusateatingplastic.

C．Plasticrecyclingmaybenomoreaproblem.

D．Plasticcanbeturnedintocarbondioxide.

答案　C

解析　主旨大意题。

文章中作者首先提出了问题——塑料的回收利用对环境造成污染；其次介绍了一种能消化分解塑料的虫子，并说明研究者期望通过理解和模仿从而最终解决塑料的回收利用对环境造成污染的问题；故说明也许塑料的回收利用不再是问题，故选C。

D

（2017·河东区二模）

InthedryNamibDesertonthewestcoastofAfrica，onetypeofbeetlehasfoundaspecialwayofsurviving.Whenthemorn