四六级历年改错真题.docx

四六级历年改错真题.docx

《四六级历年改错真题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《四六级历年改错真题.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

四六级历年改错真题

改错:

历年全真试题及参考答案theverylatestmomentofhisexistence,man

hasbeenboundtotheplanetonwhichheoriginatedand

developed.Nowhehadthecapabilitytoleavethatplanet

andmoveoutintotheuniversetothoseworldswhichhe

hasknownpreviouslyonlydirectly.Menhaveexplored

partsofthemoon,putspaceshipsinorbitaroundanother

planetandpossiblywithinthedecadewilllandintoanother

planetandexploreit.Canwebetooboldasto

suggestthatwemaybeabletocolonizeotherplanet

withinthenot-too-distantfuture?

Somehaveadvocated

suchaprocedureasasolutiontothepopulation

problem:

shiptheexcesspeopleofftothemoon.But

wemustkeepinheadthebillionsofdollarswemight

spendincarryingouttheproject.Tomaintainthe

earth'spopulationatitspresentlevel,wewouldhave

toblastoffintospace7,500peopleeveryhourof

everydayoftheyear.

Whyarewespendingsolittlemoneyonspace

exploration?

Considerthegreatneedforimproving

manyaspectsoftheglobalenvironment,oneissurely

justifiedinhisconcernforthemoneyandresources

thattheyarepouredintothespaceexplorationefforts.

Butperhapsweshouldlookatbothsidesofthe

coinbeforearrivinghastyconclusions.

Whenyoustarttalkingaboutgoodandbadmanners

youimmediatelystartmeetingdifficulties.Many

peoplejustcannotagreewhattheymean.Weaskeda

lady,whorepliedthatshethoughtyoucouldtella

well-manneredpersononthewaytheyoccupiedthe

spacearoundthem—forexample,whensuchaperson

walksdownastreetheorsheisconstantlyunawareof

others.Suchpeopleneverbumpintootherpeople.

However,asecondpersonthoughtthatthiswas

moreaquestionofcivilizedbehaviorasgoodmanners.

Instead,thisotherpersontoldusastory,ithe

saidwasquitewellknown,aboutanAmericanwho

hadbeeninvitedtoanArabmealatoneofthecountries

oftheMiddleEast.TheAmericanhasn'tbeen

toldverymuchaboutthekindoffoodhemight

expect.IfhehadknownaboutAmericanfood,he

mighthavebehavedbetter.

Immediatelybeforehimwasaveryflatpieceof

breadthatlooked,tohim,verymuchasanapkin（餐巾）.

Pickingitup,heputitintohiscollar,sothatit

fallsacrosshisshirt.HisArabhost,whohadbeen

watching,saidofnothing,butimmediatelycopied

theactionofhisguest.

Andthat,saidthissecondperson,wasafine

exampleofgoodmanners.

Morepeopledieoftuberculosis（结核病）thanofany  

otherdiseasecausedbyasingleagent.Thishasprobably  

beenthecaseinquiteawhile.Duringtheearlystagesof  S1.________

theindustrialrevolution,perhapsoneineveryseventh S2.________

deathsinEurope'scrowdedcitieswerecausedbythe  S3.________

disease.Fromnowon,though,westerneyes,missingthe  S4.________

globalpicture,sawthetroublegoingintodecline.With  

occasionalbreaksforwar,theratesofdeathand  

infectionintheEuropeandAmericadroppedsteadily  S5.________

throughthe19thand20thcenturies.Inthe1950s,the  

introductionofantibiotics（抗菌素）strengthenedthe  

trendinrichcountries,andtheantibioticswereallowed  

tobeimportedtopoorcountries.Medicalresearchers S6.________

declaredvictoryandwithdrew.  

Theyarewrong.Inthemid-1980sthefrequencyof  S7.________

infectionsanddeathsstartedtopickupagainaroundthe  

world.Wheretuberculosisvanished,itcameback;in  S8.________

manyplaceswhereithadneverbeenaway,itgrewbetter.  S9.________

TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat  

billionpeople（athirdoftheearth'spopulation）suffer  

fromtuberculosis.Evenwhentheinfectionratewas  

falling,populationgrowthkeptthenumberofclinical  

casesmoreorlessconstantlyat8millionayear.Around  S10.________

3millionofthosepeopledied,nearlyalloftheminpoor  

countries.  

Sportingactivitiesareessentiallymodifiedformsofhunting

behavior.Viewingbiologically,themodernfootballerisrevealedasa

memberofadisguisedhuntingpack.Hiskillingweaponhasturnedinto

aharmlessfootballandhispreyintoagoal-mouth.Ifhisaimisinaccurate

andhescoresagoal,enjoysthehunter'striumphofkillinghisprey.

Tounderstandhowthistransformationhastakenplacewe

mustbrieflylookupatourancientancestors.Theyspentovera

millionyearevolvingasco-operativehunters.Theirverysurvival

dependedonsuccessinthehunting-field.Underthispressuretheirwhole

wayoflife,eveniftheirbodies,becameradicallychanged.Theybecame

chasers,runners,jumpers,aimers,throwersandprey-killers.

Theyco-operateasskillfulmale-groupattackers.

Then,abouttenthousandyearsago,whenthisimmenselylong

formativeperiodofhuntingforfood,theybecamefarmers.Their

improvedintelligence,sovitaltotheiroldhuntinglife,wereputtoanew

use-thatofpenning（把……关在圈中）,controllinganddomesticating

theirprey.Thefoodwasthereonthefarms,awaitingtheirneeds.The

risksanduncertaintiesoffarmingwerenolongeressentialforsurvival.

Agreatmanycitiesareexperiencingdifficultieswhich

arenothingnewinthehistoryofcities,exceptintheirscale.

Somecitieshavelosttheiroriginalpurposeandhavenotfound

newone.Andanylargeorrichcityisgoingtoattractpoor

immigrants,whofloodin,fillingwithhopesofprosperity

whicharethenoftendisappointing.Therearebackwardtowns

ontheedgeofBombayorBrasilia,justasthoughtherewere

ontheedgeofseventeenth-centuryLondonorearlynine-

teenth-centuryParis.Thisisnewisthescale.Descriptions

writtenbyeighteenth-centurytravelersofthepoorofMexico

City,andtheenormouscontraststhatwastobefoundthere,

areverydissimilartodescriptionsofMexicoCitytoday－the

poorcanstillbenumberedinmillions.

Thewholemonstrousgrowthrestsoneconomicprosperity,

butbehinditliestwomyths:

themythofthecityasa

promisedland,thatattractsimmigrantsfromruralpoverty

andbringsitfloodingintocitycenters,andthemythofthe

countryasaGardenofEden,which,afewgenerationslate,

sendsthemfloodingoutagaintothesuburbs.

TheSeattleTimesCompanyisonenewspaperfirmthat　

hasrecognizedtheneedforchangeanddonesomethingabout　

it.Inthenewspaperindustry,papersmustreflectthediversity　

ofthecommunitiestowhichtheyprovideinformation.　

Itmustreflectthatdiversitywiththeirnewscoverageorrisk　　

losingtheirreaders'interestandtheiradvertisers'support.　

OperatingwithinSeattle,whichhas20percentsracial　　

minorities,thepaperhasputintoplacepoliciesand　

proceduresforhiringandmaintainadiverseworkforce.The　underlyingreasonforthechangeisthatforinformationtobe　

fair,appropriate,andsubjective,itshouldbereportedbythe　　

samekindofpopulationthatreadsit.　

Adiversitycommitteecomposedofreporters,editors,and　

photographersmeetsregularlytovaluetheSeattleTimes'　　

contentandtoeducatetherestofthenewsroomstaffabout　

diversityissues.Inanaddition,thepaperinstitutedacontent　　

audit（审查）thatevaluatesthefrequencyandmannerof　

representationofwomanandpeopleofcolorinphotographs.　　

Earlyauditsshowedthatminoritieswerepicturedfartoo　

infrequentlyandwerepicturedwithadisproportionate

numberofnegativearticles.Theauditresultsfrom　　

improvementinthefrequencyofmajorityrepresentationand　　

theirportrayalinneutralorpositivesituations.And,witha　　

result,theSeattleTimeshasimprovedasanewspaper.　

ThediversitytrainingandcontentauditshelpedtheSeattle　

TimesCompanytowinthePersonnelJournalOptimalAward　

forexcellenceinmanagingchange.　　

"Home,sweethome"isaphrasethatexpressesanessentialattitude

intheUnitedStates.Whethertherealityoflifeinthefamily

houseissweetornosweet.Thecherishedidealofhomehasgreat

importanceformanypeople.

ThisidealisavitalpartoftheAmericandream.Thisdream,

dramatizedinthehistoryofnineteenth-centuryEuropeansettlersofthe

AmericanWest,wastofindapieceofplace,buildahouseforone's

family,andstartedafarm.Thesesmallhouseholdswereportraitsof

independence:

theentirefamily--mother,father,children,even

grandparents—liveinasmallhouseandworkingtogethertosupport　

eachother.Anyoneunderstoodthelifeanddeathimportanceoffamily

cooperationandhardwork.

AlthoughmostpeopleintheUnitedStatesnolongerliveon

farms,buttheidealofhomeownershipisjustasstronginthetwentieth　

centuryasitwasinthenineteenth.

When,soldierscamehomebeforeWorldWarII,for　

example,theydreamedofbuyinghousesandstartingfamilies.Butthere

wasatremendousboominhomebuilding.Thenewhouses,typically

inthesuburbs,wereoftensmallandmoreorlessidentical,butit

satisfiedadeepneed.Manyregardedthesingle-familyhousethebasisof　

theirwayoflife.　

ThomasMalthuspublishedhis"EssayonthePrincipleof

Population"almost200yearsago.Eversincethen,forecasters

havebeingwarningthatworldwidefaminewasjustaroundtheS1________

nextcorner.Thefast-growingpopulation'sdemandforfood,

theywarned,wouldsoonexceedtheirsupply,leadingtoS2________

widespreadfoodshortagesandstarvation.

Butinreality,theworld'stotalgrainharvesthasrisen

steadilyovertheyears.ExceptforrelativeisolatedtroublespotsS3________

likepresent-daySomalia,andoccasionalyearsofgoodharvests,S4________

theworld'sfoodcrisishasremaine