届语法不规则动词对应知识点.docx

届语法不规则动词对应知识点.docx

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届语法不规则动词对应知识点

不规则动词变化知识点

一、AAA

cut,hit,hurt,cost,burst,upset,let,shut,put,spread,set,read

（切割击打会受伤，花费爆发是心烦，让关门放下伸展安排读书,都是一个样）

1.cut

cutdown削减（开销）

Idecidetocutdownmyexpensessoastosavemoney.

cutoff切断（电源）

Theelectricityhasbeencutoffduetothelightningandthunderstorm.

cutinto打断（对话）

It'srudetocutintoaconversationwhenyourparentsaretalkingaboutsomethingimportant.

2.hurt（内心）Whatyousaidhurtme.

harmn./vt.---adj.harmful

Smokingharmsourhealth.=Smokingdoesharmtoourhealth.=Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.

injurevt.--n.injury

Tomgotinjuredinacaraccident.

④wound（战争）

Soldiersmayeasilywoundinawar.

⑤damage（机器损坏）

Iamlateforschoolbecausemybikedamagesonthewaytoschool.

⑥destroy毁坏

Thevillagewasdestroyedintheearthquakeandsomeofthehouseswerebrokedown.

⑦ruinbe/layinruins成为废墟

Wenchuanwasinruinsintheterribleearthquakein2008.

3.cost

Thepencostme2yuan.=Itcostme2yuantobuythepen.

atthecostof以......代价atnocost不用付出任何代价

spend

Ispenttwoyuanonthepen.

Ispentthewholenight（in）doingmyhomework.

pay

ThebosspaidJackforhishardwork.

④take

Ittakesmehalfanhourtogotowork.

4.burst

burstintotears/laughter突然大哭/大笑=burstoutcrying/laughing

Thewaterpipesburstintheearthquake.（爆裂）

5.upset

Don'tupsethimbecauseheisupsetnow.

6.let

Let'sgo.---letsb.dosth.Letitgo.随它去吧。

Don'tletmedown.别让我失望。

letvi.出租Ihavearoomtolet.

7.shut

shutup闭嘴shutthedoor关门

8.putoff拖延、推迟

Neverputoffittilltomorrow.

putaway收拾

Yourroomisinamess.Youshouldputawayyourclothesandbooks.

putup建立

WearegoingtoputupacompanyinTianmao.

putupwithsb.忍受

Ican'tputupwithyouanymore.I'vegotsoangry.

putdown放下

Pleaseputdownthebooksiftheyaretooheavyforyoutocarry.

9.spreadtherumor散播谣言

10.set

setup建立

Thecompanyhasbeensetupsince2000.

setdown=writedown=takedown=copydown=putdown写下

Youshouldsetdownsomenotesifnecessary.

setaboutdoingsth.开始做某事

WeareleavingforBeijingtomorrow,sowesetaboutputtingawayourclothes.

setoff发射

DuringChina'sSpringFestival,peopleusuallysetofffireworkstocelebrateit.

11.read-read-read

dosomereading阅读

二、ABA（come,become,run）

come-came-comebecome-became-becomerun-ran-run

1.come

comeupwithanidea想到主意

Wecameupwithanideatosolvethemathproblem.

comeuptosb.走近某人

Pleasecomeuptomeifyouhaveanyquestiontoask.

comeout开花；出版

Inspring,allkindsofflowerscomeout.

Thenewspapercomesouteveryday.

2.run经营、管理

Jackisourboss.Herunsthecompany.Heisinchargeofthecompany.

三、ABB

（1）原形-ought-ought（buy,fight,bring,think）

buy-bought-boughtfight-fought-foughtbring-brought-broughtthink-thought-thought

买（东西）打架，带来思考ought

1.buy

buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.

Mymomboughtmeadressasmybirthdaygift.

Mymomboughtadressformeasmybirthdaygift.

2.fight

fightwith/againstsb.forsth.与某人为...而战（打架）

Thetwokidsfoughtwitheachotherforsweets.

3.bring

bringup抚养、培育

Tomwasbroughtupbyhisgrandmabecausehisparentspassedawaymanyyearsago.

4.think

thinkabout/of想起

Don'tthinkaboutitanymore.Ican'tthinkofthewordforloveinFrench.

thinkover考虑

Pleasethinkoveroursuggestionbeforeyoumakeyourdecision.

Thinkbeforeyouleap.三思而后行。

（2）原形—aught-aught（catch,teach）

catch-caught-caughtteach-taught-taught

1.catch

catchupwithsb.追赶catchacold感冒catchfire着火catchsightof看见

2.teach

teachsb.sth.教授=teachsth.tosb.teachsb.todosth.教某人去做某事

teachoneself自学Mr.Chenteachesustolearntoteachourselves.

（3）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词

（build,lend,spend,send）

build-built-builtlend-lent-lentspend-spent-spentsend-sent-sent

1.build

buildingn.建筑物theTeachingBuilding教学楼buildupourbody健身

Weshouldexerciseeverydaytobuildupourbody.

2.lend

lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借出

Lucylentmeapenyesterday.=Lucylentapentomeyesterday.

borrowsb.sth.=borrowsth.fromsb.借入

IborrowedLucyapenyesterday.=IborrowedapenfromLucyyesterday.

3.sendamessage发送信息sendforadoctor请医生

（4）原形—lt/pt/ft—lt/pt/ft（feel,sleep,sweep,keep,leave）

feel-felt-feltsleep-slept-sleptsweep-swept-sweptkeep-kept-keptleave-left-left

感觉睡觉扫地保持离开，变成lt/pt/ft

1.feel

feelgood/better感觉很好/好点了

feelbad/tired/sad/lonely/guilty/sorry感觉不舒服/疲劳/悲伤/孤独/内疚/遗憾

feellikedoingsth.想要做某事

IfeellikegoingshoppingandhangingoutwithmyfriendsthisSunday.

2.sleep

asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语Thebabyisasleep.

sleepy困的,有睡意的I'msleepy.

sleeping正在睡觉asleepingbabySleepingBeauty睡美人

3.sweepthefloor扫地

4.keep

keepasecret保守秘密keepone'spromise信守诺言

keepdoingsth.一直做某事

Shekeptwavingtoherhusbanduntilhewasoutofsight.

keepondoingsth.继续做某事

Hekeptonworkinguntilmidnightthoughhewastied.

keepupwithsb.赶上

keepintouchwithsb.与某人保持联系

4.leave

leavesw.离开某地leaveforsw.动身去某地

IwillleavehereandleaveforBeijingsoon.

leavesb.dosth.让某人做某事

leavesb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事

Mymomusuallyleavesmeplaycomputergamesforawhileandthendosomehousework.

Duringtheholiday,mymomleavesmeplayingcomputergamesalldayandallnight.

leavemealone我想静静

（5）变其中一个元音字母（feed,dig,find,get,hold,lead,meet,sit,spit,stick,win）

feed-fed-feddig-dug-dugfind-found-foundget-got-gothold-held-heldlead-led-ledmeet-met-metsit-sat-satspit-spat-spatstick-stuck-stuck

win-won-won

1.feed

feedon以......为食

Catsfeedonfish.

feedback反馈

Studentsareaskedtofillintheformtofeedbacksomeinformationonthequestionaire.

feedbackn.反馈

2.find

find-found-found发现found-founded-founded建立

findingn.研究结果discover发现（真理、事实）detect侦查（真相）

3.get

geton/off上/下（交通工具）getup起床getthrough接通电话

getalongwithsb.与某人相处getdowntobusiness开始干正事

getawaywith摆脱

4.hold

holdon不挂断电话；等一下；继续

holdback阻止

Nothingcanholdyoubackonceyoumakeupyourmindtodoit.

5.lead

leadn.铅leadern.领导leadershipn.领导（能力）

leadahappy/comfortable/sadlife过快乐/舒适/悲伤的生活

leadto导致；通向；带到

Hisheartattackledtohisdeath.=resultin导致

Thisroadleadstothepark.

Theguideleadsustothetouristattraction.

6.meet

vt.见到meetsb.meetingn.会议

v.满足meet/satisfyone'sneed/demand满足某人的需求

7.sit

Sitdown,please.=Pleasebeseated.

8.spit

NoSpitting!

请勿吐痰!

spitout吐出Thebloodwasspatoutofhismouth.

9.stick

n.棒状物eatstick挨棍子，挨打

vt.刺，戳tostickanox刺死一头牛

伸出tostickone'sheadoutofthewindow把头伸出窗外

粘贴tostickastampontheenvelope在信封上贴邮票

vi.坚持sticktosth.坚持某事

insistondoingsth.坚持做某事

Onceyouhaveyourtime,sticktoit.

一旦你确定了时间，坚持它。

10.winwinnern.获胜者

（6）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词

（burn,deal,dream,hear,hang,learn,light,mean,shine,show）

burn-burnt-burntdeal-dealt-dealtdream-dreamed/dreamt-dreamed/dreamt

hear-heard-heardhang-hanged/hung-hanged/hunglearn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt

light-lit/lighted-lit/lightedmean-meant-meantshine-shone/shined-shone/shined

show-showed-showed/shown

1.burn

burntoashes化为灰烬

2.deal

Idon'tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.=Idon'tknowwhattodowiththeproblem.

3.dream

dreamadaydream

Idreamof/aboutbecomingasingerinthefuture.

4.hear

hearof听说

Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

hearsb.do/doingsth.

5.hang

hang-hung-hung悬挂hang-hanged-hanged绞死,上吊.

（上吊需要一把椅子，hanged后面的ed就像一把椅子一样）

hangoutwithfriends与朋友出去玩getthehangofsth.理解某事

Hangitthere.[口]坚持下去

6.learn

learnfromsb.向某人学习learnaboutsth.了解learnbyheart记住

learnedadj.博学的

7.light

sunlight阳光lightthecandle点蜡烛lightblue浅蓝

inthelightof按照=accordingto=inaccordancewith

8.mean

adj.吝啬的Heisameanguy.---反义词：

generous慷慨大方的

meansn.方法、手段（bymeansof用......方法bynomeans绝不）

meaningn.意思-----meaningfuladj.有意义的------meaninglessadj.无意义的

mean:

v.打算meantodosth.

Ididn'tmeantodoit.Ididitoutofhabit.

Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.

意味着meandoingsth.

Toraisewagemeansincreasingpurchasingpower.

9.shine

shinebrightly阳光明媚Shineyourshoesbeforegoingout.擦亮

10.show

showsb.around带某人参观showup露面showoff炫耀

（6）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词

（shine,show,smell,spell,wake）

shine-shone/shined-shone/shinedshow-showed-showed/shownsmell-smelled/smelt-smelled/smeltspell-spelled/spelt-spelled/spelt

wake-waked/woke-waked/woken

1.smell

smelltheflowers放松一下smellyadj.有臭味的；发臭的

2.wakewakeup醒来

（7）其他

lay-laid-laidpay-paid-paidsay-said-saidstand-stood-stood

understand-understood-understoodmisunderstand-misunderstood-misunderstood

lose-lost-losthave-had-hadmake-made-madesell-sold-soldtell-told-told

1.lay

规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”；“躺”过就“下蛋”，“下蛋”不规则．

lie（撒谎）→lied→lied→lying　

lie（躺，位于）→lay→lain→lying

lay（下蛋，搁置）→laid→laid→laying

2.say

havethefinalsay由..说了算

3.stand

standup起立standout突出-outstandingadj.杰出的standfor代表standby支持

4.lose

lossn.减少；亏损；失败；遗失losern.失败者

loseweight减肥---putonweight增肥

losecourage/confidence/heart/balance失去勇气、信心、平衡

loseone'shearttosb.爱上某人

losesightof看不见getlost迷路

5.have

havesth.done使某事被做

Iwillhavemybikerepaired.

havesbdosth让某人做某事，一次性动作

IhadMarycleantheclassroomyesterday.

havesbdoingsth让某人一直做某事，动作的持续性、连续性或者动作的反复性。

Tom'sbosshadhimworkingthewholeday.

6..make

make...into把......做成；bemadeinto...使成为，使变成．

bemadefrom...由......做的（化学变化）bemadeof...由......做的（物理变化）

bemadeupof有．．．组成（构成）

makeup弥补；组成；化妆；整理

makeprogress取得进步

makeupone’smindtodosth.打定主意，决定，决心

makefunof取笑，和．．．开玩笑，嘲笑

makeaface=makefaces做鬼脸，做苦相

makesure确信；证实

makeadifference有影响,有关系

makefriendswithsb.交朋友；建立友谊

makealiving谋生,维持生