OG12 SC动词形式.docx
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OG12SC动词形式
OG12SC动词形式
3.Althoughvariouseighteenth-andnineteenth-century AmericanpoetshadprofessedaninterestinNative AmericanpoetryandhadpretendedtoimitateNative Americanformsintheirownworks,untilalmost1900, scholarsandcriticsdidnotbeginseriouslytostudy traditionalNativeAmericanpoetryinnative languages.
(A)untilalmost1900,scholarsandcriticsdidnot beginseriouslytostudy
(B)untilalmost1900scholarsandcriticshadnot begunseriouslystudying
(C)notuntilalmost1900werescholarsandcritics tobeginseriouslytostudy
(D)itwasnotalmostuntil1900whenscholarsand criticsbegantoseriouslystudy(E)
(E)itwasnotuntilalmost1900thatscholarsand criticsseriouslybeganstudying
解释:
从句已经使用过去完成时,主语需要使用过去时。
过去完成时是过去的过去,需要与过去时同时出现。
所以主句用hadnotbegun就是错误的。
4.Ofallthevasttidesofmigrationthathaveswept throughhistory,maybenoneismoreconcentratedas thewavethatbrought12millionimmigrantsonto Americanshoresinlittlemorethanthreedecades.
(A)maybenoneismoreconcentratedas
(B)itmaybethatnoneismoreconcentratedas
(C)perhapsitisnonethatismoreconcentratedthan
(D)maybeitisnonethatwasmoreconcentrated than(E)
(E)perhapsnonewasmoreconcentratedthan
解释:
OG上说因为句子的后半部分用了过去时brought,所以前面也要用was。
(我不知道为什么,不理解这一点,也没找到能说服我的解释。
哪位大牛跟我讲解下啊。
)
8.Thewidelyacceptedbigbangtheoryholdsthatthe universebeganinanexplosiveinstanttentotwenty billionyearsagoandhasbeenexpandingeversince.
(A)thattheuniversebeganinanexplosiveinstant tentotwentybillionyearsagoandhasbeen expanding
(B)thattheuniversehadbeguninanexplosive instanttentotwentybillionyearsagoandhad beenexpanding
(C)thatthebeginningoftheuniversewasan explosiveinstanttentotwentybillionyearsago thathasexpanded
(D)thebeginningoftheuniversetohavebeenan explosiveinstanttentotwentybillionyearsago thatisexpanding(A)
(E)theuniversetohavebeguninanexplosive instanttentotwentybillionyearsagoandhas beenexpanding
解释:
动词时态:
有明显时态标志一定遵守,Ago过去时标志,Eversince现在完成时态标志,Since只能+现在完成时和现在完成进行时,现在完成时使用,在GMATSC常见的标志:
since+过去时间点,within/over/during/in+时间段。
动词形式:
Began优于inthebeginning
10.Carnivorousmammalscanendurewhatwould otherwisebelethallevelsofbodyheatbecausethey haveaheat-exchangenetworkwhichkeptthebrain fromgettingtoohot.
(A)whichkept
(B)thatkeeps
(C)whichhaskept
(D)thathasbeenkeeping(B)
(E)havingkept
解释:
没有找到使用过去时态的理由,句中时态一致。
对完成时态要敏感,完成时表示不再。
表示现象道理时,用一般现在时。
16.Retailsalesrose0.8of1percentinAugust, intensifyingexpectationsthatpersonalspendingin theJulv-Septemberquartermorethandoubledthat ofthe1.4percentgrowthrateinpersonalspending forthepreviousquarter.
(A)thatpersonalspendingintheJuly-September quartermorethandoubledthatof
(B)thatpersonalspendingintheJuly-September quarterwouldmorethandouble
(C)ofpersonalspendingintheJuly-September quarter,thatitmorethandoubled
(D)ofpersonalspendingintheJuly-September quartermorethandoublingthatof(B)
(E)ofpersonalspendingintheJuly-September quarter,thatitwouldmorethandoublethatof
解释:
主句过去时,Expectations接would,过去将来时,知道八月,九月的事情还不知道,是未来的事情。
19.TheIroquoiswereprimarilyplanters,butsupplementing theircultivationofmaize,squash,andbeanswith fishingandhunting.
(A)butsupplementing
(B)andhadsupplemented
(C)andeventhoughtheysupplemented
(D)althoughtheysupplemented(D)
(E)butwithsupplementing
解释:
过去完成时用在这里毫无意义,应该和主句一样用一般过去时。
23.Inapreviousdesign,theweightofthediscususedin trackcompetitionisconcentratedinametalcenter, butnowitislinedwithleadaroundtheperimeter, therebyimprovingstabilityinflightandresultingin longerthrows.
(A)Inapreviousdesign,theweightofthediscus usedintrackcompetitionisconcentratedina metalcenter,butnowitis
(B)Accordingtoapreviousdesign,theweightof thediscususedintrackcompetitionwas concentratedinametalcenter,butnowitis
(C)Oncedesignedwithitsweightconcentrated inametalcenter,thediscususedintrack competitionisnow
(D)Thediscususedintrackcompetition,once designedwithitsweightconcentratedinametal center,butnow(C)
(E)Thediscususedintrackcompetitionwasonce designedhavingitsweightconcentratedina metalcenterandnow
解释:
句中有明显的时间标志,所以表示过去设计的那个从句的动词应该用一般过去式。
34.Beyondtheimmediatecashflowcrisisthatthe museumfaces,itssurvivaldependsonifitcan broadenitsmembershipandleaveitscramped quartersforasitewhereitcanstoreandexhibitits morethan12,000artifacts.
(A)ifitcanbroadenitsmembershipandleave
(B)whetheritcanbroadenitsmembership andleave
(C)whetherornotithasthecapabilitytobroaden itsmembershipandcanleave
(D)itsabilityforbroadeningitsmembership andleaving(B)
(E)theabilityforittobroadenitsmembership andleave
解释:
Can更加简洁,优于ability,capacity。
On介词后面+名词性从句。
41.Todevelopmoreaccuratepopulationforecasts, demographershavetoknowagreatdealmorethan nowaboutthesocialandeconomicdeterminantsof fertility.
(A)havetoknowagreatdealmorethannowabout thesocialandeconomic
(B)havetoknowagreatdealmorethantheydo nowaboutthesocialandeconomical
(C)wouldhavetoknowagreatdealmorethanthey donowaboutthesocialandeconomical
(D)wouldhavetoknowagreatdealmorethanthey donowaboutthesocialandeconomic(D)
(E)wouldhavetoknowagreatdealmorethannow aboutthesocialandeconomic
解释:
Todo表目的,表示未来的还未发生的,所以与现在知道的对比,要用虚拟语气,使用would。
42.Scientistshaverecentlydiscoveredwhatcouldbethe largestandoldestlivingorganismonEarth,agiant fungusthatisaninterwovenfiligreeofmushroomsand rootliketentaclesspawnedbyasinglefertilizedspore some10,000yearsagoandextendingformorethan 30acresinthesoilofaMichiganforest.
(A)extending
(B)extends
(C)extended
(D)itextended(A)
(E)isextending
解释:
注意动作的发出者和动作的承受者。
spawned过去分词,表被动,状态,注意By;extending现在分词表主动,进行时。
47.Fivefledglingseaeagleslefttheirnestsinwestern Scotlandthissummer,bringingto34thenumberof wildbirdssuccessfullyraisedsincetransplantsfrom Norwaybeganin1975.
(A)bringing
(B)andbrings
(C)anditbrings
(D)anditbrought(A)
(E)andbrought
解释:
句子时态要一致:
BC错误应是过去时。
64.Doctorsgenerallyagreethatsuchfactorsascigarette smoking,eatingrichfoodshighinfats,andalcohol consumptionnotonlydodamagebythemselves butalsoaggravategeneticpredispositionstoward certaindiseases.
(A)notonlydodamagebythemselvesbutalsoaggravate
(B)dodamagebythemselvesbutalsoaggravatingto
(C)aredamagingbythemselvesbutalsoareaggravating
(D)notonlydodamagebythemselves,theyarealsoaggravatingto(A)
(E)aredoingdamagebythemselves,andtheyarealsoaggravating
解释:
此处用现在进行时没有根据,不能随意更换时态。
69.Oncetheyhadseenthereportfromthemedical examiner,theinvestigatorsdidnotdoubtwhether thebodyrecoveredfromtheriverwasthemanwho hadattemptedtoescapefromthestateprison.
(A)didnotdoubtwhetherthebodyrecoveredfrom theriverwas
(B)havenodoubtwhetherthebodyrecovered fromtheriverwas
(C)hadnotdoubtedthatthebodyrecoveredfrom theriverwas
(D)havenodoubtwhetherthebodyrecovered fromtheriverwasthatof(E)
(E)hadnodoubtthatthebodyrecoveredfromthe riverwasthatof
解释:
从句过去完成时,主句用过去时态。
有过去完成时,需要有过去时与之成对,BD排除。
70.Hisstudiesofice-polishedrocksinhisAlpine homeland,faroutsidetherangeofpresent-day glaciers,ledLouisAgassizin1837toproposethe conceptofanageinwhichgreaticesheetshad existedinnowcurrentlytemperateareas.
(A)inwhichgreaticesheetshadexistedinnow currentlytemperateareas
(B)inwhichgreaticesheetsexistedinwhatare nowtemperateareas
(C)whengreaticesheetsexistedwheretherewere areasnowtemperate
(D)whengreaticesheetshadexistedincurrent temperateareas(B)
(E)whengreaticesheetsexistedinareasnowthat aretemperate
解释:
动词时态:
过去完成时是过去的过去,要和过去时同时出现;Current,Now现在时,动词自身时态严格遵守C错;ADhadexisted过去完成时,不能和now/current同时出现。
解题技巧:
1、过去完成时和过去时同时出现。
2、一般过去时和一般现在时可时态混用,不存在过去完成时和一般现在时的时态混用。
3、看到now,敏感一般过去时和一般现在时的混用。
73.Combiningenormousphysicalstrengthwithhigher intelligence,theNeanderthalsappearasequippedfor facinganyobstacletheenvironmentcouldoutintheir path,buttheirrelativelysuddendisappearanceduring thePaleolithiceraindicatesthataninabilitytoadapt tosomeenvironmentalchangeledtotheirextinction.
(A)appearasequippedforfacinganyobstaclethe environmentcouldputintheirpath,
(B)appeartohavebeenequippedtofaceany obstacletheenvironmentcouldputintheirpath,
(C)appearasequippedtofaceanyobstaclethe environmentcouldputintheirpaths,
(D)appearedasequippedtofaceanyobstaclethe environmentcouldputintheirpaths,(B)
(E)appearedtohavebeenequippedforfacingany obstacletheenvironmentcouldputintheirpath,
解释:
动词时态:
关注未划线,一般现在时,改变时态要有根据,排除DE。
74.A1972agreementbetweenCanadaandtheUnited Statesreducedtheamountofphosphatesthat municipalitieshadbeenallowedtodumpintothe GreatLakes.
(A)reducedtheamountofphosphatesthat municipalitieshadbeenallowedtodump
(B)reducedthephosphateamountthat municipalitieshadbeendumping
(C)reducesthephosphateamountmunicipalities havebeenallowedtodump
(D)reducedtheamountofphosphatesthat municipalitiesareallowedtodump(D)
(E)reducestheamountofphosphatesallowedfor dumpingbymunicipalities
解释:
phosphate的倾倒在协议后是一直继续的,所以应该用wereallowed或者areallowed。
协议的时间有明显过去的标志,要用reduced。
75.Aproposalhasbeenmadetotrimthehornsfrom rhinocerosestodiscouragepoachers;thequestio