高中英语倒装句精讲.docx
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高中英语倒装句精讲
知识要点:
1、倒装句(Inversion)
英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。
如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前,这种语序称为“倒装”。
一、倒装的类型
类型
例句
说明
完全倒装
Outrushedthestudentstowelcometheforeignfriends.
学生们涌出去欢迎外国朋友。
整个谓语移至主语之前。
部分倒装
Seldomdoeshegotoschoollate.
他上学很少迟到。
只把系动词,情态动词,助动词或表语放在主语之前。
二、倒装结构的基本用法
1、由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装
情况
例句
说明
疑问句中
Haveyougotadictionary?
WheredidhegolastMonday?
Areyoulisteningtotheradio?
Whotoldyouthenews?
Whichboybrokethisglass?
用完全或部分倒装,但以疑问词或疑问词修饰的名词作主语的疑问句要用正常语序。
“therebe”结构中
Therearethreewellsinourvillage.
Therewillbeapartytonight.
在以there,herenow,then,just,out,in,up,
down.away,bang等方位或拟声词的副词开头的句子中,且谓语为be,stand,lie,come,go,
fall等
Hereisaletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。
Theregoesthebell.铃响了。
Nowcomesyourturntoplay.现在轮到你玩了。
Awaywentthecrowdonebyone.
Incameourteacher.
Outrushedtheboys.
一般使用完全倒装结构。
但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。
Look,therehecomes!
看,他来了。
Downshewent她下来了。
在以nor,
Neither,
nomore或者so开头的句中
Ican’tswim,nor(neither)canshe.
我不会游泳,她也不会。
Hedidnotturnup.Nomoredidhiswife.
他没有来,他妻子也没有来。
表示“…也不”,neither和nor意思相同,可以替换使用,So表示“…也一样”时用倒装,但仅用于肯定对方所说的内容时用正常语序。
so+动词+主语“…也是如此”
neither/nor+动词+主语
表示两人的同样一个情况时,只能表示一件事,即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。
否则要用soitiswith…
MybrothercanspeakFrench.Socanmysister.
Itisasunnyday.Soitis.
例如:
Youcanrideabike.SocanI.
HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.
Thefirstoneisn’tgood,neitheristhesecond.
例如:
Hisuncleisaworkerandhasbeenworkinginthefactoryformorethantenyears.Soitiswithhisaunt.
用在as(尽管)引导的让步状语从句中
Proudasthenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.
尽管这些贵族很傲慢,他却害怕见我。
Youngasheis,heknowsalot.
虽然他年轻,却知道很多东西。
从属连句as用于特殊语序,含义与though,although相同,但“as”这种结构可表示非常强烈的对照,必须用倒装(表语提前,部分倒装),
Though引导的句子可倒装也可不到装,although引导的句子不可倒装
2、为了加强语气而使用的倒装。
(使句子更加流畅,更加生动)
情况
例句
说明
含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时
Neverbeforehaveweseensuchasight.
以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。
LittledidIthinkthathecouldbebackalive.
Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.
不仅他所拥有的一切都被剥夺了,而且连他的德国公民权也被剥夺了。
常用否定词有:
never,not,hardly,scarcely(几乎不),seldom,little,barely(几乎不),rarely(很少的),bynomeans,innoway,atnotime,notuntil,notonly…butalso,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when等。
一般主句用部分倒装结构。
当notonly…butalso连接主语成分时,句子用正常语序。
NotonlyJackbutalsomanyothersenjoypopmusic.
副词only放在句首时
Onlythendidherealizehismistakes.
Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnmathswell.
only起强调作用,其句型为“only+状语+部分倒装”。
如置于句首的only修饰主语,则不用倒装结构。
OnlyMothercanunderstandme.
Onlythreeofusfailedintheexam.
虚拟语气条件从句中
Weretheyhere,theywouldhelpus.
HadIbeeninformedearlier.Icouldhavedonesomething.
Shouldyoufail,takemorepainandtryagain.
把从句中if省略将were,had或should放在主语的前面。
直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时
“Heisacleverboy”saidtheteacher.
“Go,Dick,go!
”criedTom,“Gohomeandgethelp”
“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?
”heasked.
“I’mleavingforHongkongnextmonth”Marytoldmeyesterday.
主句主语和谓语次序颠倒,用完全倒装。
但如果主句主语为代词时或谓语部分比主语长,一般不用倒装。
表示祝愿的句子中
Mayyousucceed!
祝你成功。
LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina.
中国共产党万岁!
谓语动词或谓语的一部分放在主语的前面。
在频度状语often,always,manyatime等开头的句子中
Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.
我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。
ManyatimehasshehelpedmewithmyEnglish.
她不止一次地帮助或学习英语。
在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首
Thusendedhislife.这样结束了他的生命。
Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.
他讲话的声音那样大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。
表地点状语的介词短语放在句首。
Inthemiddleoftheroomstoodalittlegirl.
在房间中央站着一个小女孩。
Inthedistancewasahorse.马在远处。
一般使用完全倒装结构。
但如果主语是代词则用正常语序。
倒装句练习(I)
1.Neverinmylifesuchathing.
A.IhaveheardoforseenB.Ihadheardoforseen
C.haveIheardoforseenD.didIhearoforseen
2.SeldomTVduringtheday.
A.theywatchB.aretheywatching
C.havetheywatchedD.dotheywatch
3.Notuntilhiscomradescriticizedhimtoadmithismistake.
A.doeshebeginB.didhebeginC.beganheD.hadhebegun
4.Notonlyapromise,butalsohekeptit.
A.didhemakeB.hemadeC.doeshemakeD.hashemade
5.norreadEnglish.
A.Can’theeitherwriteB.Hecanneitherwrite
C.CanheneitherwriteD.Neitherhecanwrite
6.Onlywhenthousandsofflowersbloomtogether.
A.springwillbeconsideredhere
B.couldspringbeconsideringhere
C.canspringbeconsideredhere
D.springcanbeconsideredhere
7.hisappearancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.
A.SowasstrangeB.Wassostrange
C.SostrangewasD.Strangesowas
8.andcaughtthemouse.
A.UpthecatjumpedB.Thecatupjumped
C.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat
9.“Itwascoldyesterday.”“.”Whichofthefollowingiswrong.
A.SoitwasB.Soisittoday
C.SowasitthedaybeforeD.Soitdid
10.andthelessonbegan.
A.IncameMr.BrownB.Mr.Brownincame
C.IncameheD.CameinMr.Brown
11.Onthewalltwolargeportraits.
A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.arehanging
12.NeversuchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.
A.haveIseenB.IhaveseenC.HadIseenD.Ihadseen
13.,shewasverybrave.
A.GirlasshewasB.Asshewasagirl
C.AgirlasshewasD.Girlaswasshe
14.Littlethatshewasseriouslyillherself.
A.SusanknewB.didSusanknow
C.knewSusanD.wasSusanknown
15.Suchtheresultsoftheexperiments.
A.isB.wasC.areD.asbe
16.Ididn’treadthenotice..
A.SodidheB.Neitherdidn’the
C.NordidheD.Hedidn’t,too
17.,Iwouldhavephonedyou.
A.IfIknewitB.HadIknownit
C.IfIknowitD.DidIknowit
18.“Theyhavedoneagoodjob.”“.”
A.SotheyhavedoneB.Sotheyhave
C.SohavetheyD.Soisit
19.Nowyourturntorecitethetext.
A.thereisB.hascomeC.comesD.willcome
20.Hardlytherailwaystationwhenthetrainstarted.
A.didIreachB.hadIreachedC.IreachedD.Ihadreached
21.“IliketowatchTVplays,butIdon’twatchTVeveryevening.”“.”
A.SodoIB.SoIdoC.IdosoD.Soitiswithme
22.Rarelysuchasillything.
A.haveIheardofB.Ihaveheardof
C.hearIofD.wasIheardof
23.therainstop.thecropswouldbesaved.
A.DidB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will
24.Seldomplaychess.
A.weB.wewillC.doweD.willwe
25.Onlyafterhisdeathconsideredcorrect.
A.washistheoryB.histheorywas
C.didhistheoryD.hadhistheory
26.AlbertEinsteincaredlittleformoney.ProfessorWang.
A.EitherdidB.SowasC.SodidD.Neitherdid
27.theplane.
A.FlewdownB.DownflewC.DownwasflyingD.Downflying
28.Idon’tthinkJackwillcometoday,.
A.orMarydoesB.Marywilleither
C.andMarydoesn’tD.norwillMary
29.“Whereisyourfather?
”“Oh,.”
A.herecomesheB.heredoeshecome
C.heherecomesD.herehecomes
30.herealizeditwastoolatetoreturnhome.
A.NosooneritgrewdarkthanB.Hardlydiditgrowdarkwhen
C.ItwasnotuntildarkthatD.Itwasuntildarkthat
二.倒装练习(II)
1._______andcaughtthemouse.
A.UpthecatjumpedB.Thecatupjumped
C.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat
2.______andthelessonbegan.
A.IncameMrBrownB.MrBrownincame
C.IncameheD.cameinMrBrown
3.Over_______,dead.
A.rollingthegoatB.rolledthegoat
C.didthegoatrollD.thegoatrolled
4.—Whereismyshirt,mum?
—_________.
A.ThereisitB.ThereitisC.ThereisD.Hereisit
5.—Whereisyourfather?
—Oh,________.
A.herehecomesB.heherecomes
C.heredoeshecomeD.herecomeshe
6.Thedooropenedandthere________.
A.entersanoldmanB.enteredanoldman
C.didanoldmanenterD.anoldmanentered
7.Now______yourturntorecitethetext.
A.willcomeB.comesC.hascomeD.thereis
8.Often_____themnottosmokehere.
A.weadvisedB.advisedmeC.didweadviseD.hadweadvised
9.________playingsoldiers.
A.InsidetheroomweretwoboysB.Insidetheroomtwoboys
C.WeretwoboysinsidetheroomD.Insidetheroomwastwoboys
10.Onthewall_______twolargeportraits.
A.arehangingB.hangedC.hangD.hangs
11._______whowaswoundedinthestomach.
A.AmongthemwereasoldierB.Amongthemwasasoldier
C.AmongthemasoldierwasD.Amongtheywasasoldier
12.Nextdoortoours________,whoisnolessthaneighty.
A.thatlivesanoldmanB.doesanoldmanlive
C.livesanoldmanD.wherelivesanoldman
13.Sheplaysthepianoverywell,______.
A.soeveryoneofusdoesB.everyoneofusdoes
C.sodoeseveryoneofusD.sodoeveryoneofus
14.Yousayheworkshard,______,and_____.
A.sohedoes;soyoudoB.sohedoes;sodoyou
C.sodoeshe;sodoyouD.sodoeshe;soyoudo
15.—Ithoughtyouwomenwerepresentatthemeeting.—__________.A.SowewereB.Sowedid
C.SowereweD.Sodidwe
16.Idon’tthinkJackwillcometoday,_____.
A.norwillMaryB.andMarydoesn’t
C.MarywilleitherD.orMarydoes
17.Sheisfondofcooking,_____I.
A.soamB.noramC.neitherdoD.nordo
18.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.A.SoitwaswithEnglesB.SowasitwithEngles
C.SowasEnglesD.SodidEngles
19.Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie._______.
A.SodoesamanB.Sowillaman
C.SoitiswithamanD.Soisitwithaman
20.Soabsorbed___theworkthatsheoftenforgotto___hermeals.
A.hadshebeenin;doB.shewasin;make
C.wasshein;takeD.shehadbeenin;have
21.Soloudly______thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.
A.didhespeakB.didhespokeC.spokeheD.hespoke
22._________hisappearancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.
A.StrangesowasB.Sostrangewas
C.WassostrangeD.Sowasstrange
23.Notonce______theirplan.
A.didtheychangeB.theychanged
C.changedtheyD.theydidchange
24.Never______