英语福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案.docx

英语福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案.docx

《英语福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含答案

福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

一、阅读选择

1.     With itswonderfulcoastlineandmanyhistoricsites,Croatiaistheidealdestinationforthefamilywishingtocombinebeachwithabitofculture.

    BEST TIMETOGO

    High seasonforCroatiaisfromJulytoAugustbuttheCroatiancoastiswonderfulfromspringon.SwimmingisgenerallypossiblefromMaytoSeptemberwhentheseaisstillaround23°C.ButifyouarriveinApril,youmayenjoyCarnivalinRijeka.

    COST 

    CroatiaisstillreasonablyinexpensiveasaMediterraneandestination,butpricesgoupinJulyandAugust.Privately-runroomsarealsooftenabetterbetthanhotels,whichtendtobeunfriendly.Ifyouhaven’tmadeareservation,thelocaltouristofficesortravelagencieswillbeabletohelp.Thereisusuallya30%discountforstayslongerthanthreenights.Theagenciesofferaveryreasonabledealonaflightpluscarhire.

    GETTINGAROUND

    Croatiaisasmallcountry;itonlytakesafewhoursatmosttotravelfromoneregiontoanother.Itmightbeworthstayinginoneplaceforthewholeholidayanddoingdaytrips.Thebuses,ratherthanthetrains,reachtheplacesofgreatdistance.

（1）WhenisCroatiamostvisited?

A  InMay.        B  InSeptember.        C  InJuly.        D  InApril.

（2）Whichistrueaboutlocaltravelagencies?

A  Theytendtobeunfriendly.        B  Theyoffera30%discount.        C  Theychargealittlemoreinwinter.        D  Theyarrangeflightpluscarhireatgoodprice.

（3）Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A  Abookreview.        B  Asciencereport.        C  Atravelmagazine.        D  Adiary.

2.     John B.Goodenough,anengineeringprofessorfromtheUniversityofTexasatAustin（UT-Austin）,wonthe2019NobelPrizeforChemistryforhisworkondevelopinglithium-ionbatteries（锂电池）.HewastheoldestpersontowinaNobelPrize.

    Goodenough,whowasbornin1922,identifiedanddevelopedthekeymaterialsthatcanpowerportableelectronics,leadingtothewirelessrevolution.Today,batteriesusingGoodenough’sinventionsareusedworldwideformobilephones,powertools,laptops,tabletsandotherwirelessdevices,aswellaselectricvehicles.

    Goodenoughreceivedabachelor’sdegreeinmathematicsfromYaleUniversityat21andadoctor’sdegreeinphysicsfromtheUniversityofChicagowhenhewas30.Hebeattheoddsagainsthim,firstovercomingdyslexia（阅读困难症）asachild,andthentheclaimofateacherwhotoldhiminhis20sthathehadstartedtoolatetobesuccessfulinphysics.

    He beganhiscareerin1952atLincolnLaboratoryattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）,wherehelaidthegroundworkforthedevelopmentofrandom-accessmemory（RAM）forthedigitalcomputer.

    AfterMIT,GoodenoughbecameaprofessorandheadoftheInorganicChemistryLaboratoryattheUniversityofOxford,wherein1979hediscovereditwouldbepossibletostoreenergyinrechargeablebatteriesthroughlithiumcobaltoxide（锂钴氧化物）.Thatdiscoveryhelpeddevelopthelithium-ionbattery.

    GoodenoughjoinedUT-Austinin1986,wherehisgroundbreakingworkcontinued.

    At 98yearsold,hestillcontinuestopushtheboundariesofmaterialsscience.Inspiteofthelithium-ionbatterybeingwell-developedandavailableasacommercialproduct,ithasitslimitations.Itcan’tbechargedtoofastorovercharged.Goodenoughstillwantstoseesomenewdevelopments.

    “I hopeUT-Austinstillkeepsmeemployed,”Goodenoughoncejoked.

（1）WhendidGoodenoughachieveadoctor’sdegree?

A  In1922.        B  In1943.        C  In1952.        D  In1979.

（2）WheredidGoodenoughlaythebasisforRAM?

A  AttheUniversityofTexas.        B  AttheUniversityofOxford.        C  AttheUniversityofChicago.        D  AttheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.

（3）HowcanwedescribeGoodenough?

A  Considerate.        B  Determined.        C  Generous.        D  Modest.

（4）Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitle?

A  Timewaitsfornoman        B  Maketheworld“Goodenough”        C  Bornpoor,achievedgreat        D  Nevertoooldtolearn

3.     EveryThursdaymorning,asnake-likequeueformsoutsidestreetwearbrandSupreme’sstoreinSohoasfanslineupinthehopeofwalkingawaywithbagsfilledwithlimitededitionclothing“dropped”thatday.Amongthemareteenagers.They’vecomeforthepurposeofbuyingitemstoresellonDepop,ayouth-targetedauction（竞拍）app.

    And it’snotjustSupreme.GenerationZ—thosebornbetweenthemid-1990sandearly2000s—arebuyingfromstreetwearbrandssuchasYeezy,andNiketoresellonplatformssuchasDepop,andeBay.

    Forgetdeliveringnewspapersorworkinginthelocalsupermarket.Instead,theseteensaredevotinghourseveryweektoresellinglimitededitiongoods,ajobthat’searningthemuptoseveralthousandpoundsamonth.

    ReubenWallwasjust14whenhebecamehookedonsellingitemsonlineafterheboughtoneextraRubik’sCubebyaccident.“IsolditfordoublethepricethatIgotitfor,”saysWall,now18.HethenspentthemoneybuyingtwomoreandsoldthoseoneBay,beforepurchasingmore.Fromtherehemovedontoresellingotheritems.Hesayshewillreadcommentsandpolls（投票）onTwittertoevaluatethepopularityofacertainproduct.Butsometimesitemswill“brick”,sosometimeshetakesaloss.

    DepopfounderSimonBeckermansaystheapphas“openedthedoors”toanewgenerationusingamarketplaceforthefirsttime.HesaysGenerationZaren’tafraidofbuildingbusinessesfromtheirbedrooms.“There’sverylittleriskintrying,”headds.“There’ssomuchuncertaintyaroundusnowadaysthatbeingyourownbossisaveryappealingidea.”

（1）What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph1?

A  Tointroducethetopic.        B  Toshowhisattitude.        C  Toreachaconclusion.        D  Tostateaproblem.

（2）Theunderlinedphrase“becamehookedon”inparagraph4canbereplacedby“________.”

A  feltuncertainabout        B  becamecrazyabout        C  wastiredof        D  wasopposedto

（3）HowdoesReubenWalldecidewhattosell?

A  ByconsultingSimonBeckerman.        B  Bystudyingthepricedifference.        C  Byusingdifferentauctionapps.        D  Byanalyzingonlinedata.

（4）WhatcanwelearnaboutGenerationZ?

A  TheypreferDepoptoeBay.        B  Theydevotehourstodelivering.        C  Theylovestayingintheirrooms.        D  Theytendtobuilduptheirownbusinesses.

4.     An NationalHealthService（NHS）studyshowsthatafterafive-daytrainingcourse,nursesandpsychology（心理学）graduatescantreatdepressionaswellasexperttherapists（治疗专家）.Acheaptalkingtherapy,knownasbehaviouralactivation（BA）,wasjustaseffectiveasthegold-standardtreatment,cognitivebehaviouraltherapy（CBT）（认知行为疗法）,ineasingevenseriousdepression.

    DavidRichards,professorofmentalhealthservicesresearchattheUniversityofExeter,wholedthestudy,said,“OurfindingschallengetheadvantageofCBT,theleadingevidence-basedpsychologicaltherapyfordepression.BAshouldbeafrontlinetreatmentfordepressionintheUK.”

    The NHSisattemptingtooffertalkingtherapyto600,000morepeopleayearby2020underaplantoimprovementalhealthcare,andbossesarelikelytowelcomecheaperchoicesatatimewhenfinancesaretight.

    BA aimstohelppeoplewithdepressionbychanginghowtheyact,encouragingthemtodealwithproblemsthroughmorepositiveactivitiesandavoidingonesthatmaketheproblemworse.CBTencouragespeopletochallengetheirthoughtstoavoidnegativebeliefs.

    The studyoffered440patientseitherCBTorBA,andayearlatertwothirdsofbothgroupssaidthatsymptomswerelessthanhalfasbadastheyhadbeen.

    In theNHS,BAislikelytobeofferedbyeithernursesorpsychologygraduateswithsomementalhealthexperience.

    Liz England,oftheRoyalCollegeofGPs,said,“Anythingthatmakesiteasierforourpatientstogetpsychologicaltherapiesissomethingtobewelcomed.”

（1）WhatistheadvantageofBAoverCBT?

A  It’scheaper.        B  It’smoreeffective.        C  It’satimesavingtherapy.        D  It’sagold-standardtherapy.

（2）HowdoesBAhelppeoplewithdepression?

A  Bychangingtheirbehaviour.        B  Bychallengingtheirthoughts.        C  Byavoidingnegativebeliefs.        D  Byofferingevidence-basedtherapy.

（3）WhoislikelytoofferbehaviouralactivationinNHS?

A  ThosewhoworkforNHS.        B  Astudentwhomajorsinpsychology.        C  Anursewhohasreceivedthetrainingcourse.        D  Thosewhohavesomementalhealthexperience.

（4）What’sLiz’sattitudetowardsbehaviouralactivation?

A  Puzzled.        B  Skeptical.        C  Favorable.        D  Disapproving.

二、七选五

5. Mostofyouprobablywanttohaveafewmoreweeksofsummerholidays,butitisback-to-schooltime.Newclassrooms,newteachersandnewclassmatesmaymakesomeofyoureallynervous.Don'tworry.

（1）

Smile.Iknowthatsoundslikeasmallthing,butit'shuge!

Onelittlesmilegoesalongway.Rememberthatmostofthestudentsatschoolarefeelingjustasnervousasyouare.

（2）

Holdyourheadhighandbeconfident.Iknowyoumightbefeelingshy.（3）Whenothersseeyoulookingdownorkeepingaworriedlookonyourface,theywillthinkyoudon'twanttobetheirfriend.Believethatyouaresomeonespecial!

（4）Thereisnoreasontobeafraidthatotherstudentsdon'twanttomeetyou.Bebrave.Thinkhowyoufeelwhensomeonetalkstoyou.They'llfeelthesameway.Here'showyoudoit—Hi.Mynameis....What'syourname?

Joinaclub.Ifyouwanttofindnewfriends,you’llneedtostartbyfindingnewpeopletobefriendswith