高中生牛津英语M6单词汇总.docx
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高中生牛津英语M6单词汇总
M6Unit1
1.standupfor支持;维护
Weallmuststandupfordemocracyandhumanrights.我们都必须支持民主,维护民权。
Youmuststandupforyourrights.你必须维护自己的权利。
standfor代表;支持;主张
standout突出;站出来;
standby袖手旁观
standintheway阻碍
standstill站着不动;静止不动
standfirm挺立;站稳立场
standagainstvt.反对;抵抗
standback退后;往后站;不介入
2,teasevt.、vi戏弄,逗弄;取笑;欺负(makefunof/playtrickson/toywith)
Thedogmaybiteyouifyoukeepteasingit.要是你不停地逗惹那条狗,它也许会咬你。
Don'ttakeitseriously--hewasonlyteasing.别当真,他只是在戏弄你。
3.varietyn.(同一事物)不同种类,多种样式
avarietyof/varietiesof多种多样的,种类繁多的,
1)Thereareawidevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom.有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
2)Thistoolcanbeusedinavarietyofways.这种工具有多种用途。
vi.vary
adj.various
4.behavev.表现
Thedoctorbehavedveryunprofessionally.那位医生的做法违反职业道德。
Hebehavedlike/asatruegentleman.他的行为像个真正的绅士。
behave(oneself)表现得体;有礼貌
IwantyoutobehaveyourselfwhileIamaway.
well-behaved行为良好的
badly-behaved行为欠佳的
behaviorn.行为,举止
5.tripn/vt/vi(使)绊倒
Hetrippedover/onabrick.他被一块砖头绊倒了。
Hetrippedthepickpocketupwiththeheels.他用脚后跟把扒手绊倒。
6.performvt.vi.表演,履行,运转
Whenwilltheplaybeperformed?
Thesurgeonwasperformingadangerousoperation.
Themachineperformswell.
performontheflute吹奏长笛
performatrick表演戏法
performanexperiment做实验
performone’spromise履行承诺
performern.
performancen.演出;演奏;表演履行;实行;完成
.Hefailedcompletelyintheperformanceofhisduty.他完全没有履行他的职责。
putonperformances演出
7.makefunof开……的玩笑,嘲笑……
Don’tmakefunofpeoplewithdisabilities.不要嘲笑残疾人。
havefun=haveagoodtime玩得开心
Itisfuntodosth.做某事有趣
Whatfunitistodosth!
做某事多有趣啊!
8.affection爱,情爱,钟爱(for/towards)
Shehasagreataffectionforherhometown.她对家乡怀有深厚的感情。
Heraffectionswerecenteredonhercousin.她的爱全都倾注到她的表兄弟身上了。
9.comeupwith想出;拿出
1)Shecameupwithanewideaforincreasingsales.
2)Howsooncanyoucomeupwiththemoney?
你什么时候能拿出这笔钱?
comeup发芽;(太阳)升起;被提及,被讨论
comeout(太阳,星星或月亮)出现,露出;开花;出版,发行
cometo合计,总计
comeacross(偶然)遇见,发现
1)Thebillcameto$30.账单金额总计为30元。
2)Whenishisnewnovelcomingout?
他的新小说什么时候出版?
3)Thesubjectcameupinconversation.谈话中提到了这个话题。
11.passaway消逝,去世(时间)过去;消磨(时间)
Assoonasthesuncomesout,themistwillpassaway.
Theoldmanpassedawaypeacefully.
Tendayspassedawayandstilltherewasnonewsaboutthem.
passby经过;过去
passdown使世代相传,流传
passon转交,递给,传给
M6U2Wordsinreading
1.surroundvt.包围,围困(常与by,with连用)
Thehousewassurroundedbyhighwalls.
Theyhavesurroundedthetownwith(用…包围)troops
surroundingadj.周围附近的
surroundingsn.[pl]周围的物体、环境
2.junioradj.资历较浅的,年少的,下级的n.晚辈,年少者,地位较低者(to)
Thepresidentwassoyoungthathewasjuniortosomeofhisemployees.
Heisjuniortomebytwoyears.=Heistwoyearsjuniortome.
Tomisajuniorofficer/gymnast.
反:
senior a.地位高的;年长的n.年长者;毕业班学生(to)
Sheisseniortome,sinceshejoinedthefirmbeforeme.
相似表达:
besuperiortosb./sth比…好,强;比…级别高
beinferiorto比…差;级别低
3.apartfrom…远离;除了…(还)…
Sheisalwayskeepingherchildrenapartfromotherstudents.
Apartfromtheinjuriestohisfaceandhands,hehadhisbothlegsbroken.(=asidefrom/aswellas/inadditionto/besides)
Theboyhasfinishedthenovelapartfrom(exceptfor)thelasttwopages.
CanyoutellTomapartfromhistwinbrother?
Don’tteartheenvelopeapart.
4.ingoodspirits心情好,情绪高
AlthoughTonyisanorphan,heisalwaysingoodspirits.
ingood/highspiritsinagoodmood情绪高昂
inbad/poor/lowspiritsinabadmood情绪低落
raiseone’sspirits鼓舞情绪
keepone’sspiritsup/cheersb.up使…振作精神
5.accomplishvt.完成,实现,达到(目的)complete…successfully
1)Theydidnotaccomplishthepurposedesired.
2)Heaccomplishedthetaskbyhissingle-handed(单枪匹马的)efforts.
辨析:
1)accomplish指成功的完成预期的目标,任务等,通常接task,aim,journey,voyage等名词,有时兼有“达成(效果)”之意
2)finish多指日常事务的完成,强调事情的了结,终止.
3)complete强调事物完整的完成或终结.
4)achieve多指排除困难完成宏伟计划或大业.
e.g.
Thejourneywasaccomplishedin5weeks.
Hefinishedhishomeworkwithintwohours.
Hewasnotsatisfiedwithwhathehadachieved.
Thewholeprojectwillhavebeencompletedbytheendofthismonth.
n.accomplishment(s)
6.adaptvt.vi.适应(to),适合;改编,改写
1)adapt(oneself)tonewcircumstances使自己适应新环境
2)Oureyesslowlyadaptedtothedark.
3)Thesearebooksadaptedforjuniorstudents.
adapt/adjust(oneself)to…适应
beadaptedfrom/into…由…改编/改编成…
beadaptedfor为…改编
7.goaftervt.
(1)chaseorfollowsb.Hehadlefthiswalletonthetable,soIwent/ranafterhim.
(2)trytogetsborsthWearebothgoing/runningafteracommondream.
常用表达:
goagainst违背;不利于
goinfor喜欢;从事;参与
goby走过;(时间)流逝
gooyer越过;复习
goaround/round四处走动;传播
gothrough经历;仔细检查
8.advocatevt.+n./doingsth./that-clause
supportsthpublicly
Thegroupdoesn’tadvocatetheuseofviolence
Manyexpertsadvocaterewardingyourchildforgoodbehavior.
Thereportadvocatedthatallthebuildings(should)befittedwithsmokedetectors(报警器).
n.advocation倡议
n.advocate倡议者,拥护者(anadvocateofsth.)
M6U2Words
(2)
1.accompanyvt.陪伴,伴随,补充,给...伴奏vi.伴奏
Thesingerwasaccompaniedon/atthepianobyhispupil.
Lightningusuallyaccompaniesthunder.
Hewishedhertoaccompanyhimtotheairport.陪某人去…
companionn.同伴,伴侣
companyn.公司;陪伴,陪同
incompanywithsb….与…一起
keepsb.company陪伴某人
inone’scompany在…的陪伴下
2.directlyadv.直接地;直爽地;立即,马上
SheisdirectlyresponsibletotheMinisterforthework.她直接受部长领导.
Shespeaksverydirectlytoothers.她对人说话非常直率.
I'llbetheredirectly.我很快就到。
Hewentdirecly/straight/allthewaytotheoffice.他直接去办公室。
directlyconj.=assoonas一...就...(instantly,immediately,themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant)
IwenthomedirectlyIfinishedwork.我一接到你的消息就来了。
Icameheredirectly/immediately/instantly/themoment/theminute/thesecond/assooasIgotyourmessage.
direct(vt.)-director-direction
direct(adj.)–directly(adv.)
3.talentn.天资,天赋;天才
Hehadatalent/giftformusic.他有音乐天赋。
Heisfamousnotonlyforhistalentbut(also)forhiskindness.
Sheisanewdivingtalent.
talentedadj.有才能的,有才干的(in/at)
Sheisverytalented/giftedincommunicatingwithothers.她很擅长与他人沟通。
Talentedasheis,hedoesn’tdevoteallhisenergytohisstudy.虽然他很有才干,但是没用用在学业上。
4.allocatevt.分配,配给
(allocatesb.sth./allocatesth.tosb.)
Heallocatedeachofusourtasks.
Heallocatedtaskstoeachofus.他给我们每个人都分配了工作
allocationn.配给;分配;配给量
We'vespentourentireallocationfortheyear.我们已经把今年拨给我们的全部经费都花光了.
5.quitvt./vi.(quitquit/quittedquitted)
1)stopdoing(informal,AmE)停止
2)leaveyourjob,school,etc.退出(辞职/退学)
3)leavetheplacewhereyoulive离开
Youcannotquitsmokingtoosoon.(quitdoing)你愈早戒烟愈好。
IfIdon'tgetapayrise,I'llquit.若不给我加薪,我就不干了.
Wedecideditwastimetoquitthecity.
adj.摆脱的,自由的bequit/freeofsb./sth.
我给了他钱为的是要摆脱他。
Igavehimmoneytobequitofhim.
6.assistvi.vt.帮助,协助
~(sb)withsth;~(sb)indoingsth/~sb.todosth
YouwillberequiredtoassistMrs.Smithinpreparing/toprepareareport.你将要协助史密斯夫人准备一份报告.
Twomenareassistingthepolicewiththeirenquiries.有两个人正在协助警方进行对他们的询问.
assistancen.
withtheassistance/help/aidof…在……的帮助下
cometoone’sassistance/aid=helpsb.
assistantn.助手,助理
7.headfor…movetoaparticulardirection(多用进行时)
——Whereistheshipheadingfor?
——ItisheadingforLondon.
headvi.
Whereareyouheading?
你往哪儿走?
headsouth,backtocamp,awayfromthetown,towardshome,etc朝南、回营地﹑城外﹑家里等的方向走.
M6U3Newwordsinreading
1.ensurevt.(USinsure)确保;保证;担保:
使(某人)一定得到(某事物);使…安全,保护
ensuresb.sth./sth.tosb./that-clause
ensure…against(from)…
Thesepillsshouldensureyouagoodnight'ssleep.
Pleaseensurethatallthelightsareswitchedoffatnight.充足的睡眠能保证你早日康复。
Agoodsleepwillensureyouquickerrecovery.由他推荐,可以保证我找到工作。
Hisrecommendationwillensuremeajob.
Weshouldensure/protectourselvesagainst(from)allpossiblerisks.
2.congratulatevt.
~sb(onsth)祝贺;庆贺;道喜
congratulatesbonhismarriage,newjob,goodexamresults
n.congratulation(常用复数)
givecongratulationstosb.onhissuccess
You'vepassedyourdrivingtest?
Congratulations!
3.celebration庆祝
have/holdacelebration
incelebrationof=inordertocelebrate为了庆祝
Aspecialgiftwasgiventothemincelebrationof/tocelebratethespecialday.
为了纪念(庆祝)这个特殊的日子,一件特殊的礼物送给了他们。
Wewillholdamass-meetingincelebrationofMayDay.我们将举行群众集会庆祝“五一”节。
类似的短语:
inhonorof/insearchof/inmemoryof/infavorof/inchargeof
inplaceof/inspiteof/inneedof/inpraiseof/inthehopeof
辨析:
celebrate与congratulate
celebrate表“庆祝”时,宾语是事(sth.)celebratesth.
congratulate向某人表示祝贺,其宾语是受到祝贺的人congratulatesb.onsth.
4.receptionn.接待处;接受;接待;接纳;接收
Wearrangedtomeetatreceptionat6:
30.
Thenewhospitalwasreadyforthereceptionofitsfirstpatients.
ThePresidentgaveareceptionforthevisitingheadsofstate.
Radioreceptionisn’tverygoodhere.
vt.receiven.receptionist
5.permitvt.(permitted/permitted/permitting)
1).允许,许可,容许(某事物)
permit(doing)sth/permitsb.todosth.
(相同用法的词admit/allow/advise/forbid)
Dogsarenotpermittedintothebuilding.
Wedonotpermitsmokingintheoffice/Smokingisnotpermittedinouroffice.在我们的办公室里不准吸烟.
Theprisonerswerepermittedtwohours'outdoorexerciseaday.
Permitmetoexplain.容我解释一下.
2).使(某事物)有可能性:
Ifweather/timepermits/Weather/Timepermitting,I'llcometomorrow.
Thenewroadsystempermitsthefreeflowoftrafficatalltimes.这些窗户采光及通风性能良好.
Thewindowspermitlightandairtoenter.
3).~ofsth(不用于被动)认可;容忍:
Thesituationdoesnotpermit/admitofanydelay.情势刻不容缓.
4).permit/‘pəmit