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法律法规大全中英文
TableofContents
ListofLaws
ChildLabor(童工)
ChildLabor(童工)
RulesProhibitingtheUseofChildLabor[1]article2
Childlabormeansminorsunder16yearofagewhohaveformedanemploymentrelationshipwithworkunitsorindividualstoprovideservicesforeconomicgainorwhoareengagedinindividuallaboractivities.Minorsunder16yearsofagewhoworkfortheirfamilyoryouthwork-studyprogramsorganizedbyschools,orwhodoancillaryworkwhichisnotharmfultotheirhealth,withintheirabilityandpermittedbythepeople’sgovernmentofthatprovince,autonomousregionormunicipalityarenotsubjecttothechildlaborrestrictions.
禁止使用童工规定[1]第二条
童工是指未满十六周岁,与单位或者个人发生劳动关系从事有经济收入的劳动或者从事个体劳动的少年、儿童。
PRCLaborLaw[2]article15
Noemployingunitsshallbeallowedtorecruitjuvenilesundertheageof16.
Unitsofliteratureandart,physicalcultureandsport,andspecialartsandcraftsthatneedtorecruitjuvenilesundertheageof16mustgothroughtheformalitiesofexaminationandapprovalaccordingtotherelevantprovisionsoftheStateandguaranteetheirrighttocompulsoryeducation.
中华人民共和国劳动法[2]第十五条
禁止用人单位招用未满十六周岁的未成年人。
文艺、体育和特种工艺单位招用未满十六周岁的未成年人,必须依照国家有关规定,履行审批手续,并保障其接受义务教育的权利。
RulesProhibitingtheUseofChildLabor[1]article7
Parentsorotherguardiansareprohibitedfromallowingtheirchildrenorminorsundertheirguardianshipwhohavenotreached16yearsofagetobeemployedaschildlabor.
禁止使用童工规定[1]第七条
父母或者其他监护人不得允许未满十六周岁的子女或者被监护人做童工。
RulesProhibitingtheUseofChildLabor[1]article10
Foranemployerwhoillegallyuseschildlabor,thelaboradministrationdepartmentshallordertheminortobeimmediatelyreturnedtohisorheroriginalareaofresidence.Theunitorindividualwhichemployedtheminorshallbeentirelyresponsibleforthenecessaryexpensesforreturningtheminortohisorheroriginalareaofresidence.
禁止使用童工规定[1]第十条
对违反本规定使用童工的单位或者个人,劳动行政部门应当责令其立即将童工送回原居住地。
童工被送回原居住地所需费用,全部由使用童工的单位或者个人承担。
RulesProhibitingtheUseofChildLabor[1]article11
Iftheminorbecomesillorinjuredbeforebeingreturnedtohisorheroriginalareaofresidence,theunitorindividualwhoemployedtheminorshallberesponsibleforthemedicaltreatmentandalllivingexpensesincurredduringthemedicaltreatmentperiod.Uponcompletionofmedicaltreatment,thelaborassessmentcommissionatthecountylevelwilldeterminethedegreeofdisability,andtheunitorindividualwhichemployedtheminormustpaycompensationinaccordancewiththedegreeofdisability.Iftheminordies,theunitorindividualwhichemployedtheminormustpayfuneralexpensesandcompensationtotheminor’sparentsorlegalguardian.
禁止使用童工规定[1]第十一条
违反本规定使用童工的单位或者个人,对被送回原居住地之前患病或者伤残的童工应当负责治疗,并承担治疗期间的全部医疗和生活费用。
医疗终结,由县级劳动鉴定委员会确定其伤残程度,由使用童工的单位或者个人根据其伤残程度发给童工本人致残抚恤费。
童工死亡的,使用童工的单位或者个人应当发给童工父母或者其他监护人丧葬补助费,并给予经济赔偿。
DefinitionofJuvenileEmployees
PRCLaborLaw[2]article58
TheStatesshallprovidefemaleworkersandjuvenileworkerswithspecialprotection.
“Juvenileworkers”herebyreferlabourersattheageof16butnot18yet.
中华人民共和国劳动法[2]第五十八条
国家对女职工和未成年工实行特殊劳动保护。
未成年工是指年满十六周岁未满十八周岁的劳动者。
ScopeofWorkProhibitedtoJuvenileEmployees
PRCLaborLaw[2]article64
NoJuvenileworkersshallbearrangedtoengageinworkdownthepitofmine,workthatispoisonousorharmful,workwithGradeIVphysicallabourintensityasstipulatedbytheState,orotherworkthattheyshouldavoid.
中华人民共和国劳动法第六十四条
不得安排未成年工从事矿山井下、有毒有害、国家规定的第四级体力劳动强度的劳动和其他禁忌从事的劳动。
RegulationsfortheSpecialProtectionofJuvenileEmployees(DocumentNo.498)[3]article3
Employershouldnotarrangethejuvenileemployeesto:
(1)workinvolvingexposuretoairborneparticlesatorabovethegradeIofthestatestandardsstipulatedintheClassificationsofRiskfromAirborneParticlesinProduction-relatedWork;
(2)workinvolvingexposuretopoisonoussubstancesatorabovethegradeIofthestatestandardsstipulatedintheClassificationsofWorkInvolvingExposuretoPoisonousSubstances;
(3)workperformedatheightsatorabovethegradeIIofthestatestandardsasstipulatedintheClassificationsofWorkatHeights;
(4)workperformedincoldwateratorabovethegradeIIofthestatestandardsasstipulatedintheClassificationsofWorkinColdWater;
(5)workperformedinhightemperatureenvironmentatorabovethegradeIIIofthestatestandardsasstipulatedintheClassificationsofWorkinHighTemperatures;
(6)workperformedinlowtemperatureenvironmentatorabovethegradeIIIofthestatestandardsasstipulatedintheClassificationsofWorkatLowTemperatures;
(7)workwhichrequiresphysicallaborintensityatorabovethegradeIVofthestatestandardsasstipulatedintheClassificationsofPhysicalLabor;
(10)workwhichinvolvesexposuretoradioactivesubstances;
(11)extremelydangerouswork,suchasworkwithinflammablesubstancesandexplosivesaswellasworkwherethereisariskofchemicalorotherburning;
(14)continuousheavyloadingactivities(morethansixtimesperhour)witheachloadinexcessof20kgoroccasionalloadingatintervalswitheachloadinexcessof25kg;
(15)workwhichrequirestheuseofdrills,surfacingmachines,pneumaticpicksandshovels,rivetingmachinesorpowerhammers;
(16)workwhichrequiresstrenuousmovementssuchasconstantheadmovements,bendingatthewaist,liftingorsquattingandworkinproductionlineswhererepetitiveactionofover50timesperminuteisrequired;and
(17)boilersoperation.
未成年工特殊保护规定劳部发(1994)498号[3]第三条
用人单位不得安排未成年工从事以下范围的劳动:
(一)《生产性粉尘作业危害程度分级》国家标准中第一级以上的接尘作业;
(二)《有毒作业分级》国家标准中第一级以上的有毒作业;
(三)《高处作业分级》国家标准中第二级以上的高处作业;
(四)《冷水作业分级》国家标准中第二级以上的冷水作业;
(五)《高温作业分级》国家标准中第三级以上的高温作业;
(六)《低温作业分级》国家标准中第三级以上的低温作业;
(七)《体力劳动强度分级》国家标准中第四级体力劳动强度的作业;
(十)工作场所接触放射性物质的作业;
(十一)有易燃易爆、化学性烧伤和热烧伤等危险性大的作业;
(十四)连续负重每小时在六次以上并每次超过二十公斤,间断负重每次超过
二十五公斤的作业;
(十五)使用凿岩机、捣固机、气镐、气铲、铆钉机、电锤的作业;
(十六)工作中需要长时间保持低头、弯腰、上举、下蹲等强迫体位和动作频
率每分钟大于五十次的流水线作业;
(十七)锅炉司炉。
RegulationsfortheSpecialProtectionofJuvenileEmployees(DocumentNo.498)[3]article8
Theemployershouldonlyassignjuvenileemployeestoperformworkwhichissuitable,takingintoaccounttheirstateofhealth,andshouldreducetheworkloadorchangethepositionsofthosejuvenileemployeeswhoaredeemedunsuitableforaparticularposition,basedonthedocumentationregardingtheemployee’shealthreceivedfromthemedicalauthority.
未成年工特殊保护规定劳部发(1994)498号[3]第八条
用人单位应根据未成年工的健康检查结果安排其从事适合的劳动,对不能胜任原劳动岗位的,应根据医务部门的证明,予以减轻劳动量或安排其他劳动。
RegularPhysicalExaminationsforJuvenileEmployees
PRCLaborLaw[2]article65
Theemployingunitshallprovideregularphysicalexaminationstojuvenileworkers.
中华人民共和国劳动法[2]第六十五条
用人单位应当对未成年工定期进行健康检查。
RegulationsfortheSpecialProtectionofJuvenileEmployees(DocumentNo.498)[3]article6
Employersshouldprovide,accordingtothefollowingrequirements,regularphysicalexamination:
(1)beforethejuvenileemployeebeginsworkingattheenterprise;
(2)afterthejuvenileemployeehasworkedforonefullyear;and
(3)whenthejuvenileemployeehasreached18yearsofageandhasnothadaphysicalexaminationintheprevioussixmonths.
未成年工特殊保护规定劳部发(1994)498号[3]第六条
用人单位应按下列要求对未成年工定期进行健康检查:
(一)安排工作岗位之前;
(二)工作满一年;
(三)年满十八周岁,距前一次的体检时间已超过半年。
RegulationsfortheSpecialProtectionofJuvenileEmployees(DocumentNo.498)[3]article7
Thephysicalexaminationshouldbecarriedoutaccordingtothecontentsofthe‘PhysicalExaminationFormforJuvenileEmployees’.
未成年工特殊保护规定劳部发(1994)498号[3]第七条
未成年工的健康检查,应按本规定所附《未成年工健康检查表》列出
的项目进行。
RegulationsfortheSpecialProtectionofJuvenileEmployees(DocumentNo.498)[3]article9
Employmentofteenagerlaborshouldbeunderregistration.
(1)Anemployerwhorecruitsandhiresjuvenileemployees,inadditiontocomplyingwithgeneralemploymentrequirements,mustalsoundertakeregistrationprocedurewiththelocallaboradministrationdepartmentatorabovethecountylevel.Thelaboradministrationdepartmentwillthenissuethe‘RegistrationCertificateforJuvenileEmployees’andthe‘RegistrationFormforJuvenileEmployees’.
(3)Juvenileemployeesmustfirstsecurethe‘RegistrationCertificationforJuvenileEmployees’beforebeginningtoworkforanemployer.
(4)All‘RegistrationCertificateforJuvenileEmployees’shouldbeprintedbyLaborAdministrativeDepartmentofStateCouncil.
未成年工特殊保护规定劳部发(1994)498号[3]第九条
对未成年工的使用和特殊保护实行登记制度。
(一)用人单位招收使用未成年工,除符合一般用工要求外,还须向所在地的县级以上劳动行政部门办理登记。
劳动行政部门根据《未成年工健康检查表》、《未成年工登记表》,核发《未成年工登记证》。
(三)未成年工须持《未成年工登记证》上岗。
(四)《未成年工登记证》由国务院劳动行政部门统一印制。
ForcedLabor(强制性劳工)
InvalidLaborContract
PRCLaborLaw[2]article18
Thefollowinglabourcontractsshallbeinvalid:
(2)labourcontractsconcludedbyresortingtosuchmeasuresascheatingandintimidation.
中华人民共和国劳动法[2]第十八条
下列劳动合同无效:
(二)采取欺诈、威胁等手段订立的劳动合同。
TerminationofLaborContractbyEmployees
PRCLaborLaw[2]article32
Alabourermaynotifyatanytimetheemployingunitofhisdecisiontorevokethelabourcontractinanyofthefollowingcircumstances:
(1)withintheprobationperiod;
(2)wheretheemployingunitforcesthelabourerworkbyresortingtoviolence,intimidationorillegalrestrictionofpersonalfreedom;or
(3)failureonthepartoftheemployingunittopaylabourremunerationortoprovideworkingconditionasagreeduponinthelabourcontract.
中华人民共和国劳动法[2]第三十二条
有下列情形之一的,劳动者可以随时通知用人单位解除劳动合同:
(一)在试用期内的;
(二)用人单位以暴力、威胁或者非法限制人身自由的手段强迫劳动的;
(三)用人单位未按照劳动合同约定支付劳动报酬或者提供劳动条件的。
ReplyoftheGeneralOfficeoftheMinistryofLaborConcerningCertainQuestionsRegardingtheTerminationofEmploymentContractsbyEmployees(GeneralOfficeoftheMinistryofLaborDocumentNo.324(1995))[4]
Whereanemployee