《私法英语表达》章节测试题与答案.docx
《《私法英语表达》章节测试题与答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《私法英语表达》章节测试题与答案.docx（19页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
《私法英语表达》章节测试题与答案
《私法英语表达》2019章节测试题与答案
第1章单元测试
1、Thecontemporarylegalsystemsoftheworldaregenerallybasedononeoffourbasicsystems
（1）,
（2）,statutorylaw,religiouslaworcombinationsofthese.However,thelegalsystemofeachcountryisshapedbyitsuniquehistoryandsoincorporatesindividualvariations.
（1）
（2）处分别为
答案：
Commonlaw、Civillaw
2、（3）aresystemsoflawwhosesourcesarethe（4）incasesbyjudges.（3）处为
答案：
Commonlaw
3、（3）aresystemsoflawwhosesourcesarethe（4）incasesbyjudges.（4）处为
答案：
decision
4、Alongside,everysystemwillhavea（5）thatpassesnewlawsand（6）.（5）处为
答案：
Legislature
5、Alongside,everysystemwillhavea（5）thatpassesnewlawsand（6）.（6）处为
答案：
Statute
6、statute对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
Alawenactedbythelegislativebranchofagovernment
7、provision对应下列选项为
答案：
Astipulationmadeasaclauseinastatuteorcontractmadebeforehand.
8、code对应下列选项为
答案：
Asystematiccompilationorrevisionoflaworlegalprinciplesthatisarrangedesp.bysubject
9、legislature对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
Abodyofpersonshavingthepowertolegislate
10、precedent对应下列选项为？
答案：
Ajudicialdecisionthatshouldbefollowedbyajudgewhendecidingalatersimilarcase
11、substantivelaw对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
Lawthatcreatesordefinesrights,duties,obligations,andcausesofactionthatcanbeenforcedbylaw
12、prosecute对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
Toinstituteandcarryforwardlegalactionagainstforredressoresp.punishmentofacrime
13、procedurallaw对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
lawthatprescribestheproceduresandmethodsforenforcingrightsanddutiesandforobtainingredress.
第2章单元测试
1、Advocacy对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
Theprofessionorworkofanadvocate;theactionofadvocating,pleadingfor,orsupportingacauseorproposal
2、Allegation对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
Statementinapleading
3、Attorney对应下列哪个选项?
答案：
Apersonauthorizedtoactonanother’sbehalf;esplawyer
4、Civillaw对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
abodyoflawsandlegalconceptswhichcomedownfromoldRomanlawsestablishedbyEmperorJustinian
5、Defendant对应下列哪个选项?
答案：
thepartysuedinacivillawsuitorthepartychargedwithacrimeinacriminalprosecution.Insometypesofcases（suchasdivorce）adefendantmaybecalledarespondent.
6、Plaintiff对应下俩哪个选项？
答案：
thepartywhoinitiatesalawsuitbyfilingacomplaintwiththeclerkofthecourtagainstthedefendant（s）demandingdamages,performanceand/orcourtdeterminationofrights.
7、Draft对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
toprepareandsignabillofexchangeorcheck.
8、judgment对应下列哪个选项？
答案：
thefinaldecisionbyacourtinalawsuit,criminalprosecutionorappealfromalowercourt’sjudgment,exceptforan“interlocutoryjudgment,”whichistentativeuntilafinaljudgmentismade.Theword“decree”issometimesusedassynonymouswithjudgment.
9、LawyersintheUnitedKingdom
（1）generallypracticeassolicitorsinprivatefirms,aslegaladvisersincorporations,governmentdepartments,andadviceagencies,orasbarristers.
（1）处为
答案：
Jurisdictions
10、Theycaneachdo
（2）,（3）andgivewrittenadvice,but（4）,unlike（5）,cannotappearineverycourt.
（2）处为
答案：
Advocacy
11、Theycaneachdo
（2）,（3）andgivewrittenadvice,but（4）,unlike（5）,cannotappearineverycourt.（3）处应为
答案：
draftlegaldocuments
12、Theycaneachdo
（2）,（3）andgivewrittenadvice,but（4）,unlike（5）,cannotappearineverycourt.（4）处为
答案：
solicitors
13、Theycaneachdo
（2）,（3）andgivewrittenadvice,but（4）,unlike（5）,cannotappearineverycourt.（5）处应为
答案：
barristers
14、（6）mostlyspecialiseincourtroomadvocacyandlitigation.（6）处应为
答案：
barristers
15、Theirtasksincludetakingcasesinsuperiorcourtsand（7）,draftinglegalpleadings,researchingthephilosophy,hypothesisandhistoryoflaw,andgivingexpertlegalopinions.（7）处应为
答案：
tribunal
16、A（8）isalegalpractitionerwhotraditionallydealswithmostofthelegalmattersinsomejurisdictions.Apersonmusthavelegally-definedqualifications,whichvaryfromonejurisdictiontoanother,tobedescribedasasolicitorandenabledtopractisethereassuch.（8）处应为
答案：
solicitors
17、A（9）presidesovercourtproceedings,eitheraloneorasapartofapanelofjudges.Thepowers,functions,methodofappointment,discipline,andtrainingofjudgesvarywidelyacrossdifferentjurisdictions.（9）处为
答案：
judge
18、Thejudgeissupposedtoconductthetrial（10）andinanopencourt.（10）处应为
答案：
impartially
19、Thejudge（11）allthewitnessesandanyotherevidencepresentedbythebarristersofthecase（11）处应为
答案：
hear
20、（12）thecredibilityandargumentsoftheparties,andthenissuesarulingonthematterathandbasedonhisorherinterpretationofthelawandhisorherownpersonaljudgment.Insomejurisdictions（12）处应为
答案：
assess
21、thejudge’spowersmaybesharedwitha（13）（13）应为
答案：
3percent
22、In（14）ofcriminalinvestigation,ajudgemightalsobeanexaminingmagistrate.（14）为
答案：
inquisitorialsystem
第3章单元测试
1、defamation对应下列
答案：
theactofmakinguntruestatementsaboutanotherwhichdamageshis/herreputation.
2、negligence对应
答案：
failuretoexercisethecaretowardotherswhichareasonableorprudentpersonwoulddointhecircumstances,ortakingactionwhichsuchareasonablepersonwouldnot.
3、remedy对应
答案：
themeanstoachievejusticeinanymatterinwhichlegalrightsareinvolved.
4、tort对应
答案：
fromFrenchfor“wrong,”acivilwrongorwrongfulact,whetherintentionaloraccidental,fromwhichinjuryoccurstoanother.
5、tortfeasor对应
答案：
n.apersonwhocommitsatort（civilwrong）,eitherintentionallyorthroughnegligence.
6、trespass对应
答案：
n.enteringanotherperson’spropertywithoutpermissionoftheownerorhis/heragentandwithoutlawfulauthority（likethatgiventoahealthinspector）andcausinganydamage,nomatterhowslight.
7、terminate对应
答案：
Tocometoanendintimeoreffect
8、Atort,incommonlawjurisdictions,isacivilwrongthatunfairlycausessomeoneelsetosufferlossorharmresultinginlegalliabilityforthepersonwhocommitsthetortiousact,calleda
（1）
（1）为
答案：
tortfeasor
9、The
（2）oftheharmcanrecovertheirlossasdamagesinalawsuit.Inordertoprevail
（2）为
答案：
victim
10、the（3）inthelawsuit,commonlyreferredtoastheinjuredparty,mustshowthattheactionsorlackofactionwasthelegallyrecognizablecauseoftheharm.（3）为
答案：
plaintiff
11、Legalinjuriesarenotlimitedto（4）andmayincludeemotional,economic,orreputationalinjuriesaswellasviolationsofprivacy,property,orconstitutionalrights.（4）为
答案：
physical
12、Whilemanytortsaretheresultofnegligence,tortlawalsorecognizes（5）torts（5）为
答案：
intentional
13、andinafewcases（particularlyforproductliabilityintheUnitedStates）“（6）“whichallows（7）withouttheneedtodemonstratenegligence.（6）为
答案：
strictliability
14、andinafewcases（particularlyforproductliabilityintheUnitedStates）“（6）”whichallows（7）withouttheneedtodemonstratenegligence.（7）为
答案：
recovery
15、Sometimesaplaintiffmayprevailinatortcaseevenifthepersonwhoallegedlycausedharmwas（8）inanearliercriminaltrial.Forexample,O.J.Simpsonwasacquittedincriminalcourtofmurderbutlaterfound（9）forthetortofwrongfuldeath.（8）为
答案：
acquitted
16、Sometimesaplaintiffmayprevailinatortcaseevenifthepersonwhoallegedlycausedharmwas（8）inanearliercriminaltrial.Forexample,O.J.Simpsonwasacquittedincriminalcourtofmurderbutlaterfound（9）forthetortofwrongfuldeath.（9）为
答案：
liable
第4章单元测试
1、merger对应
答案：
thejoiningtogetheroftwocorporationsinwhichonecorporationtransfersallofitsassetstotheother,whichcontinuestoexist.Ineffectonecorporation“swallows”theother,buttheshareholdersoftheswallowedcompanyreceivesharesofthesurvivingcorporation.
2、acquisition对应
答案：
theobtainingofcontrollinginterestinacompany
3、bankruptcy对应
答案：
n.theadministrationofaninsolventdebtor’spropertybythecourtforthebenefitofthedebtor’screditors
4、director对应
答案：
n.amemberofthegoverningboardofacorporationorassociationelectedorre-electedatannualmeetingsoftheshareholdersormembers.
5、dissolve对应
答案：
Endingofapartnershiprelationshipcausedbythewithdrawalofoneofthepartnersfromtherelationship
6、fiduciary对应
答案：
n.fromtheLatinfiducia,meaning“trust,”aperson（orabusinesslikeabankorstockbrokerage）whohasthepowerandobligationtoactforanother（oftencalledthebeneficiary）undercircumstanceswhichrequiretotaltrust,goodfaithandhonesty.
7、insolvency对应
答案：
theconditionofhavingmoredebts（liabilities）thantotalassetswhichmightbeavailabletopaythem,eveniftheassetsweremortgagedorsold.
8、liquidate对应
答案：
Todeterminetheliabilitiesandapportiontheassetsofesp.inbankruptcyordissolution
9、takeover对应
答案：
Theacquisitionofcontrolorpossession（asofacorporation）
10、windup对应
答案：
Tobringtoanendbytakingcareofunfinishedbusiness
11、Companiesoccupyaspecialplaceincivillaw,becausetheyhavealegalpersonalityseparatefromthosewhoinvesttheircapitalandlabourtorunthebusiness.Englishlawrecognisedlongagothatacorporationwouldhave“
（1）“.
答案：
legalpersonality
12、Legalpersonalitysimplymeanstheentityisthesubjectoflegalrightsandduties.Itcansueandbesued.Thegeneralrulesofcontract,tortandunjustenrichmentoperateinthefirstplaceagainstthecompanyasadistinctentity.Companylaw,orcorporatelaw,canbebrokendownintotwomainfields.CorporategovernanceintheUKmediatestherightsanddutiesamong
（2）,employees,
答案：
shareholders
13、（3）anddirectors.Sincetheboardofdirectorshabituallypossessesthepowertomanagethebusinessundera（4）.（3）为
答案：
creditors
14、（3）anddirectors.Sincetheboardofdirectorshabituallypossessesthepower
升级会员 