硕士英语综合教程1课后答案.docx

硕士英语综合教程1课后答案.docx

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硕士英语综合教程1课后答案

硕士英语综合教程1-课后答案

硕士英语综合教程1（课后答案）

Unit1LowCarbonEconomy

2.Vocabulary

a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.

（1）adverse

（2）stark（3）inflict（4）systematically（5）triggered

（6）improvident（7）incurred（8）alternative（9）lostouton（10）settledon

b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.

（1）B

（2）C（3）A（4）D（5）B（6）C（7）A（8）D（9）C（10）D

4.Translation

a.ChinesetoEnglish

1）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

（1）Bendingundertheweightofthepacks,sweating,theyclimbedsteadilyinthepineforestthatcoveredthemountainside.

（2）Concentratingontimepassing,aswedowhenbored,willtriggerbrainactivitywhichwillmakeitseemasthoughtheclockistickingmoreslowly.

（3）UnemploymentshotupinFranceduringthesecondquarter,andthecountry’stopfinanceofficialsaidthesituationwillcontinuetoaggravateevenifaglobaleconomicrecoverygatherspace.ItwastheworstquarterlyunemploymentinFrancesinceearly2006.

（4）Associalpracticecontinuestodevelop,weshouldkeeprenewingourideasandmakeinnovationscourageouslyinlightofpracticalneeds.

（5）Bicyclesareregardedasaneconomicalalternativetobuseswhosefareshaveincreased3timesinthepastfewyears.

（6）TheU.S.governmenthascalledonpeopletosavewaterbecausethescarcityofwaterhasbecomeasourceofglobaltensionecologically,economicallyandpolitically.

（7）Inordertobearecognizedleaderintheindustry,it’sessentialforacompanytoimproveproductionqualityandtaptheoverseasmarketthroughthehelpofstateofthearttechnologiesandequipment.

（8）IfyouarethinkingaboutcomingtoBritainforChristmas,itmightbeagoodideatothinkagain.That’sbecausethousandsofChristmastravelershavebeenstrandedintheUKasadverseweatherconditionscausedmassivedisruptiontothetransportinfrastructure.

2）TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoEnglish.

Scientistssaythewarmingoftheplanetwillbegradual,butthatextremeweathereventswillincreaseinfrequencyandintensity.Theysaytheeffectsofmorestorms,floods,droughtsandheatwaveswillbeabruptandprofound.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystheeffectsofsocalledclimatesensitivediseasesalreadyarekillingmillionsofpeople.

Climatechangeisaglobalphenomenon.Whilenocountrywillbeexempt,shesaysitsconsequenceswillnotbeevenlydistributed.The

段方面进行合作。

Unit3CultureShock

2.Vocabulary

a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.

（1）Ethnocentrism

（2）attheprospectof（3）well-being（4）competence

（5）irritability（6）disorientation（7）incompetence（8）beconfrontedwith

（9）frustration（10）verily

b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.

（1）A

（2）B（3）C（4）D（5）B（6）D（7）A（8）C（9）A（10）D

4.Translation

a.ChinesetoEnglish

1）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

ConfucianismhasalonghistoryandaprofoundimpactonChina’spolitics,ideology,science,culture,art;itisanimportantpartoftraditionalChineseculture.

Infact,whatwehavedonewiththeproductsoverthepastforyearsandwilldointhefuturecoincidewiththerequirementofWTO.

Religiousandculturaldiversityinaglobalizingworldneedstobeusedasthepromotionofsocialjustice,toleranceandunderstanding,aswellasinternationalpeaceandsecurity,andnotasarationaleforanewideologicalandpoliticalconfrontation.

Theinitialperiodofmarriageinvolvesmorethanaccommodatingtothepresenceandhabitsofanotherperson.

Whetheryou’veusedthesoftwarebeforeornot,youmayalreadybefamiliarwithsomeofitsfeatures,butthenewversionrepresentsamajormilestoneintheprogressionofitsdevelopment.

Bydefault,whenyoudeletefilesonmostWindowssystemsthefilesarenotreallydeleted,theyareinsteadmovedintotheRecycleBin,sotheystilltakeupdiskspace.

Theeffectofthepainkillerwillnaturallywearoffwithinafewhours,butitsadvantageisthatithasfewsideeffects.

Ecologicalcivilizationistheonlywaytoglobalsustainabledevelopment,thebestapproachtosavingtheearth’secosystem,andtheinevitablechoiceofhumandevelopment.

2）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

It’smypleasuretowritethiscolumnaboutinternationalstudentsatanAmericanbusinessschool,fromtheperspectiveofanAmerican.ThoughYale,andallothertopschools,focusongrantinga‘global’MBAexperience,thestyleofinstruction,theclassroomenvironment,andthenuancesofschoolcultureareverymuchAmerican.Inspeakingtomyclassmateswhocomefromothercountries,particularlyChina,itseemsthatthreekeypillarsoftheU.S.educationexperienceactuallycomeasamajorcultureshock:

loudandoftenboisterousinclassdiscussion;therelianceonteamworktocompletetasks;andtheunofficialimportanceofsocializingtobuildanetworkwithintheclass.ForsomeonewhohasgrownupintheAmericanschoolsystem,conformingtothesethreeattributeshappensalmostsubconsciously,andthinkingthatothersmayfindthemsurprisingordifficulttotacklerevealstheunintendedlimitsofmyownworldview.

b.EnglishtoChinese

1）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

尽管每个学生的经历是不同的,但大多数参加一年期项目的交换生经历着几乎相同的适应文化冲击的过程。

必须指出的是,虽然文化冲击会令人感到不舒服,但这并不代表着它本身有什么错,也不代表着经受其中的人有什么错。

相当普遍的情况是:

学生们在适应文化冲击的过程中,新的问题层出不穷,但这对他们而言也是一种有价值的经历。

许多人会说,只有当经历了深层次的文化冲击,才是最有价值的交换。

2）ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

（1）从问候到饮食,稍不留神就会出差错,不仅让自己难堪,还有可能冒犯东道主。

（2）在地中海国家,如果你和别人交谈时没有碰对方的手臂,或见面问候时没和对方亲吻拥抱,别人会认为你不热情。

在韩国,如果你从后面拍不是家庭成员或者好朋友的人,你会让对方感到不舒服。

（3）到伦敦人家里参加宴会时脱掉鞋子,女主人会认为你不文明,但去亚洲、夏威夷或太平洋群岛的居民家中不脱鞋却被认为失礼。

（4）许多文化依然推崇传统的进食方式——用手吃。

在这种情况下,食物往往是众人一起分享的,因此饭前洗手很重要,而且要遵守用右手吃东西的习俗,左手往往有其他用途。

（5）你是左撇子吗？

还是努力让自己的双手都灵巧吧——在这些文化里,即使是左撇子的孩子也被教会用右手吃饭——或者至少吃饭前向同伴解释一下。

Unit4ArtificialIntelligence

2.Vocabulary

a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.

（1）attest

（2）disoriented（3）elusive（4）negate（5）progeny

（6）outstrip（7）versatile（8）meld（9）contingency（10）mainstay

b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.

（1）A

（2）D（3）B（4）A（5）D（6）C（7）D（8）D（9）B（10）B

3.Cloze

Chooseanappropriatewordorphrasefromthefollowinglisttofillineachofthefollowingblanks.EachonecanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.

（1）cover

（2）battlefield（3）deployed（4）initiating（5）aerial

（6）problematic（7）arise（8）mindful（9）vital（10）goes

（11）robotics（12）provided（13）collection（14）ethical（15）endowed

（16）traits（17）expression（18）dumb（19）guidelines（20）stupid

4.Translation

a.ChinesetoEnglish

1）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

（1）Itoftenhappens,however,thatthinkinglagsbehindreality;thisisbecauseman’scognitionislimitedbynumeroussocialconditions.

（2）Somethingbigwasintheoffing,sobigthattheworkersattheSimonsonplanthadbeenvirtuallyplacedunderarresttopreventanyinformationfromleakingout.

（3）Onlybyunderstandingthenatureofthinkingmode,canmanbringforthnewideasinphilosophy,andthecruxofphilosophicalinnovationliesinthechangeofman’sthinkingmode.

（4）Fromthenon,hestruggledinhisattemptstoovercomehishumbleoriginsandinsinuatehimselfintoupperclasssociety.

（5）It’safarcryfromthedayswhenIwasjustaclerkinasupermarketandnobodypaidmeanyattention.

（6）Theinventionofmicroprocessorssetthestageforthearrivalofthemicrocomputer,orpersonalcomputer—anaffordablemachineforthemasses.

（7）Sothere’snosuchthingasanenemyinabsoluteterms.Theenemieswefightareonlyinrelativeterms,constantlychangingwiththetimes.

（8）Taiwan,viewedfromthehistoricalfactsandtheinternationallaw,isbeyonddisputeonepartofChinesesacredterritoryanditisaninviolablemissionoftheentireChinesepeopletoreunifythemotherland.

2）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

Salesofprofessionalandpersonalservicerobotsworldwidewereestimatedtohavereachedabout5.5millionthisyear—andareexpectedtomorethandoubleto11.5millionby2011—yetthereislittleornocontroloverhowthesemachinesareused.Somehelpbusyprofessionalsentertainchildren;othermachinesfeedandbathetheelderlyandincapacitated.“Weneedtolookatguidelinesforacutoffsowehavealimittothecontactwithrobots”oneexpertsaid.“Somerobotsdesignedtolookafterchildrenwiththemforhours,orevendays.Attheotherendoftheagespectrumtochildcare,therelativeincreaseinmanycountriesinthepopulationoftheelderlyrelativetoavailableyoungercaregivershasspurredthedevelopmentofeldercarerobots.”

b.EnglishtoChinese

1）TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

计算的能力当然与生存无关,然而随着语言改变了人类的文化,至少是我们大脑的一小部分已进化成了一种勉强可以称为通用机器的东西。

这个机器的一个特点就是它能服从一系列随意的指令,而这些指令可以通过语言进行传递并得以执行。

但是由于我们把数字看成是复杂的东西,将它们写下来并用以完成其它类似的功能,所以我们处理数字的方式显得非常笨拙,并且效率不高。

我们用上百亿个神经细胞花好几分钟进行的运算通过上百个计算机,尤其是那些经过重新设置用于计算的计算机,可以在几毫秒就完成。

2）ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

（1）但它们并不是用高出一筹的逻辑和力量统治人类,而是有可能导致一个与他人完全隔绝的底层人群的产生。

（2）机器人正被引入潜在的敏感情境中,这可能导致（被服务者）与世隔绝的状态,因为人们在给机器人设定指令后,往往很长时间不再问津。

（3）许多机器人被设计成玩具,但它们也能扮演照看孩子的角色:

监督孩子的一举一动,通过无线电脑连接或移动电话与另一个房间甚至另一座建筑物内的家长联络。

（4）但是由于机器人保姆能在身体上保护孩子的安全,可能会造成孩子一天数小时或者几天都不与人接触,同时不同程度的与社会隔绝对孩子成长可能造成的心理影响目前还不清楚。

（5）护理老年人的机器人能帮助老年人在自己家中自理,但它们的存在可能会使老年人完全处于机器人照顾之下,从而面临缺乏足够的与人交流机会的危险。