福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题.docx

福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题.docx

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福建省宁德市学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

福建省宁德市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

Withitswonderfulcoastlineandmanyhistoricsites,Croatiaistheidealdestinationforthefamilywishingtocombinebeachwithabitofculture.

BESTTIMETOGO

HighseasonforCroatiaisfromJulytoAugustbuttheCroatiancoastiswonderfulfromspringon.SwimmingisgenerallypossiblefromMaytoSeptemberwhentheseaisstillaround23°C．ButifyouarriveinApril,youmayenjoyCarnivalinRijeka.

COST

CroatiaisstillreasonablyinexpensiveasaMediterraneandestination,butpricesgoupinJulyandAugust.Privately-runroomsarealsooftenabetterbetthanhotels,whichtendtobeunfriendly.Ifyouhaven’tmadeareservation,thelocaltouristofficesortravelagencieswillbeabletohelp.Thereisusuallya30%discountforstayslongerthanthreenights.Theagenciesofferaveryreasonabledealonaflightpluscarhire.

GETTINGAROUND

Croatiaisasmallcountry;itonlytakesafewhoursatmosttotravelfromoneregiontoanother.Itmightbeworthstayinginoneplaceforthewholeholidayanddoingdaytrips.Thebuses,ratherthanthetrains,reachtheplacesofgreatdistance.

1．WhenisCroatiamostvisited?

A．InMay.B．InSeptember.C．InJuly.D．InApril.

2．Whichistrueaboutlocaltravelagencies?

A．Theytendtobeunfriendly.

B．Theyoffera30%discount.

C．Theychargealittlemoreinwinter.

D．Theyarrangeflightpluscarhireatgoodprice.

3．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A．Abookreview.B．Asciencereport.

C．Atravelmagazine.D．Adiary.

JohnB．Goodenough,anengineeringprofessorfromtheUniversityofTexasatAustin（UT-Austin）,wonthe2019NobelPrizeforChemistryforhisworkondevelopinglithium-ionbatteries（锂电池）.HewastheoldestpersontowinaNobelPrize.

Goodenough,whowasbornin1922,identifiedanddevelopedthekeymaterialsthatcanpowerportableelectronics,leadingtothewirelessrevolution.Today,batteriesusingGoodenough’sinventionsareusedworldwideformobilephones,powertools,laptops,tabletsandotherwirelessdevices,aswellaselectricvehicles.

Goodenoughreceivedabachelor’sdegreeinmathematicsfromYaleUniversityat21andadoctor’sdegreeinphysicsfromtheUniversityofChicagowhenhewas30.Hebeattheoddsagainsthim,firstovercomingdyslexia（阅读困难症）asachild,andthentheclaimofateacherwhotoldhiminhis20sthathehadstartedtoolatetobesuccessfulinphysics.

Hebeganhiscareerin1952atLincolnLaboratoryattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）,wherehelaidthegroundworkforthedevelopmentofrandom-accessmemory（RAM）forthedigitalcomputer.

AfterMIT,GoodenoughbecameaprofessorandheadoftheInorganicChemistryLaboratoryattheUniversityofOxford,wherein1979hediscovereditwouldbepossibletostoreenergyinrechargeablebatteriesthroughlithiumcobaltoxide（锂钴氧化物）.Thatdiscoveryhelpeddevelopthelithium-ionbattery.

GoodenoughjoinedUT-Austinin1986,wherehisgroundbreakingworkcontinued.

At98yearsold,hestillcontinuestopushtheboundariesofmaterialsscience.Inspiteofthelithium-ionbatterybeingwell-developedandavailableasacommercialproduct,ithasitslimitations.Itcan’tbechargedtoofastorovercharged.Goodenoughstillwantstoseesomenewdevelopments.

“IhopeUT-Austinstillkeepsmeemployed,”Goodenoughoncejoked.

4．WhendidGoodenoughachieveadoctor’sdegree?

A．In1922.B．In1943.C．In1952.D．In1979.

5．WheredidGoodenoughlaythebasisforRAM?

A．AttheUniversityofTexas.

B．AttheUniversityofOxford.

C．AttheUniversityofChicago.

D．AttheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.

6．HowcanwedescribeGoodenough?

A．Considerate.B．Determined.

C．Generous.D．Modest.

7．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitle?

A．TimewaitsfornomanB．Maketheworld“Goodenough”

C．Bornpoor,achievedgreatD．Nevertoooldtolearn

EveryThursdaymorning,asnake-likequeueformsoutsidestreetwearbrandSupreme’sstoreinSohoasfanslineupinthehopeofwalkingawaywithbagsfilledwithlimitededitionclothing“dropped”thatday.Amongthemareteenagers.They’vecomeforthepurposeofbuyingitemstoresellonDepop,ayouth-targetedauction（竞拍）app.

Andit’snotjustSupreme.GenerationZ—thosebornbetweenthemid-1990sandearly2000s—arebuyingfromstreetwearbrandssuchasYeezy,andNiketoresellonplatformssuchasDepop,andeBay.

Forgetdeliveringnewspapersorworkinginthelocalsupermarket.Instead,theseteensaredevotinghourseveryweektoresellinglimitededitiongoods,ajobthat’searningthemuptoseveralthousandpoundsamonth.

ReubenWallwasjust14whenhebecamehookedonsellingitemsonlineafterheboughtoneextraRubik’sCubebyaccident.“IsolditfordoublethepricethatIgotitfor,”saysWall,now18.HethenspentthemoneybuyingtwomoreandsoldthoseoneBay,beforepurchasingmore.Fromtherehemovedontoresellingotheritems.Hesayshewillreadcommentsandpolls（投票）onTwittertoevaluatethepopularityofacertainproduct.Butsometimesitemswill“brick”,sosometimeshetakesaloss.

DepopfounderSimonBeckermansaystheapphas“openedthedoors”toanewgenerationusingamarketplaceforthefirsttime.HesaysGenerationZaren’tafraidofbuildingbusinessesfromtheirbedrooms.“There’sverylittleriskintrying,”headds.“There’ssomuchuncertaintyaroundusnowadaysthatbeingyourownbossisaveryappealingidea.”

8．What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingParagraph1?

A．Tointroducethetopic.B．Toshowhisattitude.

C．Toreachaconclusion.D．Tostateaproblem.

9．Theunderlinedphrase“becamehookedon”inparagraph4canbereplacedby“______.”

A．feltuncertainaboutB．becamecrazyabout

C．wastiredofD．wasopposedto

10．HowdoesReubenWalldecidewhattosell?

A．ByconsultingSimonBeckerman.

B．Bystudyingthepricedifference.

C．Byusingdifferentauctionapps.

D．Byanalyzingonlinedata.

11．WhatcanwelearnaboutGenerationZ?

A．TheypreferDepoptoeBay.

B．Theydevotehourstodelivering.

C．Theylovestayingintheirrooms.

D．Theytendtobuilduptheirownbusinesses.

AnNationalHealthService（NHS）studyshowsthatafterafive-daytrainingcourse,nursesandpsychology（心理学）graduatescantreatdepressionaswellasexperttherapists（治疗专家）.Acheaptalkingtherapy,knownasbehaviouralactivation（BA）,wasjustaseffectiveasthegold-standardtreatment,cognitivebehaviouraltherapy（CBT）（认知行为疗法）,ineasingevenseriousdepression.

DavidRichards,professorofmentalhealthservicesresearchattheUniversityofExeter,wholedthestudy,said,“OurfindingschallengetheadvantageofCBT,theleadingevidence-basedpsychologicaltherapyfordepression.BAshouldbeafrontlinetreatmentfordepressionintheUK.”

TheNHSisattemptingtooffertalkingtherapyto600,000morepeopleayearby2020underaplantoimprovementalhealthcare,andbossesarelikelytowelcomecheaperchoicesatatimewhenfinancesaretight.

BAaimstohelppeoplewithdepressionbychanginghowtheyact,encouragingthemtodealwithproblemsthroughmorepositiveactivitiesandavoidingonesthatmaketheproblemworse.CBTencouragespeopletochallengetheirthoughtstoavoidnegativebeliefs.

Thestudyoffered440patientseitherCBTorBA,andayearlatertwothirdsofbothgroupssaidthatsymptomswerelessthanhalfasbadastheyhadbeen.

IntheNHS,BAislikelytobeofferedbyeithernursesorpsychologygraduateswithsomementalhealthexperience.

LizEngland,oftheRoyalCollegeofGPs,said,“Anythingthatmakesiteasierforourpatientstogetpsychologicaltherapiesissomethingtobewelcomed.”

12．WhatistheadvantageofBAoverCBT?

A．It’scheaper.

B．It’smoreeffective.

C．It’satimesavingtherapy.

D．It’sagold-standardtherapy.

13．HowdoesBAhelppeoplewithdepression?

A．Bychangingtheirbehaviour.

B．Bychallengingtheirthoughts.

C．Byavoidingnegativebeliefs.

D．Byofferingevidence-basedtherapy.

14．WhoislikelytoofferbehaviouralactivationinNHS?

A．ThosewhoworkforNHS.

B．Astudentwhomajorsinpsychology.

C．Anursewhohasreceivedthetrainingcourse.

D．Thosewhohavesomementalhealthexperience.

15．What’sLiz’sattitudetowardsbehaviouralactivation?

A．Puzzled.B．Skeptical.

C．Favorable.D．Disapproving.

二、七选五

Mostofyouprobablywanttohaveafewmoreweeksofsummerholidays,butitisback-to-schooltime.Newclassrooms,newteachersandnewclassmatesmaymakesomeofyoureallynervous.Don'tworry.16．

Smile.Iknowthatsoundslikeasmallthing,butit'shuge!

Onelittlesmilegoesalongway.Rememberthatmostofthestudentsatschoolarefeelingjustasnervousasyouare.17．

Holdyourheadhighandbeconfident.Iknowyoumightbefeelingshy.18．Whenothersseeyoulookingdownorkeepingaworriedlookonyourface,theywillthinkyoudon'twanttobetheirfriend.Believethatyouaresomeonespecial!

19．Thereisnoreasontobeafraidthatotherstudentsdon'twanttomeetyou.Bebrave.Thinkhowyoufeelwhensomeonetalkstoyou.They'llfeelthesameway.Here'showyoudoit—Hi.Mynameis....What'syourname?

Joinaclub.Ifyouwanttofindnewfriends,you’llneedtostartbyfindingnewpeopletobefriendswith.20．Youcanjoinanyclubdependingonyourinterests.

A．Introduceyourself.

B．Acceptinvitations.

C．It’saperfectopportunitytostartaconversation.

D．Andtheyarelookingforafriendlysmilingface,too!

E.However,staringatthegroundwillnothelpyoumakefriends.

F.Herearesometipsonhowtomakenewfriendsinhighschool.

G.Clubsprovideafriendlyenvironmentforyoutocommunicatewithothers.

三、完形填空

In19