完整正文王晶晶英语学院外国语言学及应用语言学国际工程承包合同汉英翻译研究.docx
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完整正文王晶晶英语学院外国语言学及应用语言学国际工程承包合同汉英翻译研究
学校代码：
10036
同等学力人员硕士学位论文
国际工程承包合同汉英翻译研究
培养单位：
英语学院
专业名称：
外国语言学及应用语言学
研究方向：
翻译学
作者：
王晶晶
指导教师：
俞利军
论文日期：
二〇一二年五月
MAThesis
AStudyonC-ETranslationof
InternationalEngineering
Project（IEP）Contracts
ByWangJingjing
Supervisor:
Prof.YuLijun
SchoolofInternationalStudies
UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics
May,2012
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摘要
为进一步参与国际竞争并完全融入世界建筑领域，在合同管理方面，我国政府及相关部门做出了很大努力。
其中，国际工程项目（IEP）承包合同的产生及应用，已成为进军世界建筑市场的关键一步。
合同是国际工程项目一切活动的依据，决定项目的成败。
人们常说“了解合同，运用合同”，要想全面认识和了解IEP合同，需首先了解其产生和发展。
随着我国建筑市场的国际化进程加速发展。
IEP合同应运而生。
它是国际合同条件和国内工程承包合同的共同产物。
其特殊性决定了此类文本的翻译研究以英译中为主。
目前中译英的翻译研究相当匮乏。
但参与国际市场竞争是大势所趋，IEP合同的汉英翻译研究更是当务之急。
索赔是国际工程项目的重要环节。
当国际工程项目发生索赔事件时，惯用以英文合同作为索赔依据。
为改变我国企业在合同签订和执行过程中的不利处境，IEP合同汉英翻译工作的重要性显而易见。
本文基于IEP合同产生和发展的背景，将其重新定义，并透彻分析了此类文本的主要特征。
在中英语言差异的基础上，运用相关的翻译理论和翻译方法，以典型条款为例，分析在IEP合同汉英翻译过程中译者经常遇到的问题，并提出相应的翻译技巧。
意在抛砖引玉，受教于大方之家，亦希望能对这一领域的翻译工作者有所裨益。
关键词：
IEP合同，索赔，翻译理论，翻译技巧
ABSTRACT
AStudyonC-ETranslationof
InternationalEngineeringProjectContracts
WangJingjing
Inordertofurtherparticipateininternationalcompetitionandtotallyblendintotheworldarchitecturefield,Chinesegovernmentandrelevantauthoritieshavemadegreateffortsintheaspectofcontractmanagement,includingthegenerationandapplicationofInternationalEngineeringProject（IEP）contractswhichhasbecomeonekeystepforenteringintotheworldconstructionmarket.ContractdecidingthesuccessorfailureofIEPisthebasisofallactivities.It’softensaidthat"KnowtheContract,UsetheContract".WeshouldknowitsgenerationanddevelopmentfirstsoastoknowandmastertheIEPcontractscomprehensively.
Theinternationalizationprocessofourconstructioncontractingmarketdevelopsrapidly.IEPcontractwhichisthecommonproductofbothinternationalconditionsofcontractandinternalengineeringprojectcontractemergesasthetimesrequire.ItsspecificcharacteristicsdecidethatthetranslationstudyonthiskindtextismainlyE-Ctranslation.WhiletheC-Etranslationisratherscarceatpresent.Butit'sanirresistabletrendofourtime.ThestudyontranslatingIEPcontractsisanurgentaffairoftoday.
ClaimsisaveryimportantlinkofIEP.Whenclaimsincidentshappen,theinternationalconventionistotaketheEnglishversionastheevidenceofnegotiation.TheimportanceofC-EtranslationonIEPcontractsisveryobvioussoastochangethedisadvantagesituationofourenterprisesinthecontractsigningandexecutingprocess.Thisthesisiswrittenunderthebackgroundofthegenerationanddevelop-mentofIEPcontractswhichareredefined,andthoroughlyanalyzesthemaincharacteristicsofthesetexts.OnthebaseoflanguagedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish,itusestherelativetranslationtheoriesandmethods,takesthetypicaltermsasexamplesforanalyzingtheproblemswhichtranslatorsoftenmeetintheprocessoftranslatingtheIEPcontractsandputsforwardsomecorrespondingtranslationtechniquesinthehopeofinspiringthepracticaltranslatorandtriggeringofffurtherin-depthdiscussioninthissphere.
Keywords:
IEPcontracts,claims,translationtheory,translationtechnique
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Uponthecompletionofthisthesis,Iwouldliketoexpressmysincerethankstoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.IgratefullyacknowledgethehelpofmysupervisorProf.YuLijun,whohasofferedmevaluablesuggestionsintheprocess.Duringthepreparationofthethesis,hehasspentmuchtimereadingthrougheachdraftandprovidedmewithinspiringadvices.Withouthispatientinstruction,insightfulcriticismandexpertguidance,thecompletionofthisthesiswouldnothavebeenpossible.
IalsooweaspecialdebtofgratitudetoalltheprofessorsattheSchoolofInternationalStudies,UniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomics.Ihavebenefitedalotfromtheirdevotedteachingandenlighteninglectures.
Finally,Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetomybelovedparentswhohavealwaysbeenhelpingmeoutofdifficultiesandsupportingwithoutanywordofcomplaints.
WangJingjing
May2012
Contents
ListofTables
Table1ComparisonofGeneralStandardContractConditions………………………3
ChapterOneINTRODUCTION
Nowadayscontractsaretobeseennearlyeverywhereinourmodernsociety.Ifyoutakeapartner,yourrelationswithhimwillbegovernedbyapartnershipagreement;ifyouestablishalimitedcompany,therewillbecontractsbetweenthecompanyandeachshareholderandbetweenthecompanyandeachdirector.Ifthereareagents,theirrelationswiththeprincipalswillbegovernedbycontracts.Itisevidentthatcontractsarecloselyrelatedwithourlife.Inasense,aregimeofcontractisfundamentaltoasocietygovernedbylaw.
WiththetrendofglobalizationandChina'sentryintoWTO,China'sconstructionhasbeenundergoingever-frequentexchangeswiththeoutsideworld.Theopenmarketbreakstherestrictionofneedsandresourcesundercloseconditions,improvestheallocationefficiencyofconstructionresources,promotesthedevelopmentofconstructionindustry,andgreatlyincreasestheinvestmentconfidenceofinternationalcontractorswhoseadvancedmanagementideasandappliedtechnologiesthereuponareintroducedintoourmarketandplayademonstrationandleadingroletoourconstructionenterprises.
Asbecomingthemainmarketofinternationalconstruction,Chinahasbeeninvestedbymanyforeignenterprisesorjointventures.Inordertomaintainthelong-termstablecooperationwiththem,weshouldcommunicateandcoordinatetimelywitheachotherinvariousaspects,especiallyintheall-roundcooperationwhosefirststepistosignaformalinternationalbusinesscontractmostly.
Contractdocumenttranslation,asaformofpracticaltranslationoncewasneglectedbyChinesetranslators,hasbeenpaidmoreandmoreattentiontosincethelastdecade.Awell-translated,especiallyanexactlytranslatedcontractdocumentconducestothesmoothperformanceofabusiness,whileapooronemayresultsincostlyfailure.Carryingonstudiesinthisfieldcanleadtopeople'srecognitionoftheimportanceofcontracttranslationandthushelptoimprovethecompetitivenessofChineseenterprisesininternationalmarket.
ThischapterfirstmakesageneralintroductionofIEPcontracts,coveringthedefinition,generationanddevelopment,andthestructure,aimingtoputabackgroundfoundationforfurtherdiscussioninthefollowingchapters.
1.1DefinitionofIEPContracts
IEPistheabbreviationofInternationalEngineeringProjectwhichmeansalltheprojectsaboutengineeringincludingtheworkinvolvedindesigningandconstructingenginesandmachinery,orstructuressuchasbuildings,roadsandbridgesintheinternationalmarket.
TheContractLawofThePeople'sRepublicofChina（hereinafterreferredtoasContractLaw）in1999givesaprovision:
"ContractsreferredtointhisLawareagreementsestablishing,modifyingandterminatingthecivilrightsandobligationsbetweensubjectsofequalfooting,thatis,betweennaturalpersons,legalpersonsorotherorganizations".AndinLawDictionaryeditedbyStevenH.Gifts,contractis"apromise,orasetofpromises,forbreachofwhichthelawgivesremedy,ortheperformanceofwhichthelawinsomewayrecognizesasaduty".
InContractLaw,Article269:
"Acontractforengineeringprojectsisacontractwherebythecontractorperformsthem,andthedeveloperpaystheprice.Hereintheprojectsincludethecivilengineering,constructionengineering,wiring,plumbing,equipmentinstallationprojectanddecorationengineering,etc".Internationally,thereisnoonecompletelyuniformdefinitionofIEPcontracts.Peopledefineitfromdifferentaspectswithdifferentmethods.Forexample,Mr.YaoMeizhengavethat"IEPcontractisawrittenagreementsignedbytheemployerandcontractorafterthebiddingornegotiationsoastoconfirmthelegalrelationshipofthem"inthebook《国际经济法概论》（OverviewofInternationalEconomicLaw）.Besides,somebooksoncivillaworIEPalsodefineitfromdifferentangles,suchas《建筑合同原理与实务》（ConstructionContractPrincipleandPractice）editedbySongZongyuand《中华人民共和国招投标法实务全书》（PracticeEncyclopediaonBiddingLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina）,etc.
Inconclusion,theIEPcontractisalegalagreementofinternationalengineeringproject,signedbytheemployerandcontractorfromdifferentcountries,whichinvolvesdoingworkforastatedsumofmoney.
InhundredsofyearsdevelopmentofIEP,alotofengineeringorganizationsdevotedthemselvestocompileandrevisethedistinctivecontractconditions.AndtherelativelydominatingonesareFIDIC,ICE,JCT,etc.FordetailsseeTable1.
Table1ComparisonofGeneralStandardContractConditions
ACAForm
AssociationofConsultantArchitectsFormofBuildingAgreement
FIDICConditions
FédérationInternationaleDeslngénieursConseils
ConditionsofContractforWorksofCivilEngineering
GC/Wks1
GeneralConditionsofGovernmentContractsforBuildingandCivilEngineeringWorks
ICEconditions
InstituteofCivilEngineersConditionsofContract
JCT
JointContractsTribunalfortheStandardFormofBuildingContract
IFC84
JCTIn
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