纺织比较教程教案2.docx

纺织比较教程教案2.docx

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纺织比较教程教案2

《纺织比较教程》

教案

（2010～2011学年第2学期）

适用现代纺织技术专业

院系（部）纺织学院

班级_09现纺一、二、三班

教师刘纪营

教案首页

本次课标题：

Sub-scene2ProcessingLine&Machines

forCottonSpinningSystem

授课日期

2011.2.21

授课班级

09现纺1、2、3班

课时

2小时

上课地点

1ja307

教

学

目

标

能力（技能）目标

知识目标

1.TheOutlineofConventionalSpinning

2.CottonSelectingandCollocating

1.ThePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial

2.Themethodofcollocating:

assortingandqueuing-up

教

学

任

务

及

案

例

（1）TheOutlineofConventionalSpinning

（2）ThePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial

（3）Themethodofcollocating:

assortingandqueuing-up;

重

点

难

点

重点：

ThePrinciplesofSelectingandCollocating

Themethodofcollocating:

assortingandqueuing-up

难点：

Themethodofcollocating:

assortingandqueuing-up

单

元

考

核

工作过程考核50%，阶段作业考核50%

参

考

资

料

山东科技职业学院教学平台，专业英语，相关音频

教学设计

步骤

教学内容

教师活动

（方法与手段）

学生活动

时间分配

告知

（教学内容、

目的）

教学内容：

（1）TheOutlineofConventionalSpinning

（2）ThePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial

（3）Themethodofcollocating:

assortingandqueuing-up;

教学目的：

（1）KnowtheOutlineofConventionalSpinning

（2）Knowthemethodofcollocating:

assortingandqueuing-up;

讲授

听

2分钟

引入

（任务项目）

1.What’sthePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial?

2.HowtoSelectandCollocateRawMaterial?

启发

提问

小组讨论

3分钟

操练

（掌握初步或基本能力）

Unit1TheOutlineofConventionalSpinning

1.IntroductiontoSpinning

2.MajorObjectivesinYarnProduction

3.CottonSpinning

Unit2CottonSelectingandCollocating

2.1ThePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial

2.1.1Theproblemsbroughtbyusingsinglemarkcottontospin

2.1.2Reasonsformorethanonevarietytomakeamixing

2.2ThePrinciplesofSelectingandCollocating

2.2.1Thedifferentresultantyarndemandsdifferentcotton

2.2.2Accordingthequalityofresultantyarntoselectandcollocaterawcotton

2.2.3Selectingandcollocatingrawcottonaccordingtothesituationofproduction

2.3Themethodofcollocating:

assortingandqueuing-up

2.3.1Assorting

2.3.2Queuing-up

2.4Man-madefibersSelectingandCollocating

2.4.1ThepurposeofSelectingandCollocating

2.4.2Thefollowingfactorsshouldbeconsideredwhenselectingman-madefibers

2.4.3Thedeterminationofblendingratio

2.4.4Thelengthandlineardensityofmanmadefiber

2.5MethodsofMixing

2.5.1MethodsofMixing

2.5.2AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofStackMixing

教师讲解

演示

学生听

并与学生互动

48分钟

深化

（加深对基本能力的体会）

提问：

1.What’sthePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial?

2.HowtoSelectandCollocateRawMaterial?

启发诱导

重点讲解

小组操作

3分钟

归纳

（知识和能力）

知识点：

（1）KnowingthePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial

（2）TheOutlineofConventionalSpinning

能力点:

（1）KnowthePrinciplesofSelectingandCollocating

（2）WaysofCottonSelectingandCollocating

在教师引导下，先由学生总结，

教师再归纳

小组讨论

代表发言

2分钟

训练

巩固

拓展

检验

训练项目

1.KnowthePurposeofSelectingandCollocatingRawMaterial

2.KnowhowtoSelectandCollocateRawMaterial

辅导

个人操作

0

总结

（1）CottonPropertiesandItsUse

（2）WaysofCottonSelectingandCollocating

教师讲授或提问

2分钟

作业

工作页下次上课前完成，并自学下次课的内容

0分钟

后记

教学内容

Unit1TheOutlineofConventionalSpinning

1.IntroductiontoSpinning

Asetoffibersarrangedinacontinuousstrandisrotatedtoformyarnatthelaststageofyarnformationandthustheterm‘spinning’literallymeans‘torotate’.Andinthecaseofman-madefiberproductiontechnology,thefilamentformation,say,frompolymerchipsbyextrusion,isalsocalledspinningthoughtheremaynotberotationofthestrand.

Theobjectiveofspinningprocess,atitsbarestminimum,istoproduceayarn.

Yarn,ingeneral,canbedefinedasacontinuousstrandconsistingof

•staplefiberstwistedtogether

•twistedoruntwistedfilament/s,or,

•acombinationoffilamentandstaplefibers.

Staplefiberyarnsareproducedfrom

•naturalfiberssuchascotton,wooletc

•man-madefibers,or,

•byblendingvariousnaturalfibersandman-madefibers.

Thestapleyarnsproducedatthe‘last’stageofyarnformationare‘single’yarns（or.alternatively,ifthesingleyarnsareuntwisted,theywilldisintegrateintofibers）.Twoormoresingleyarnsmayfurtherbecombinedintoasinglestrandandtwistedtogethertogetdoubled/folded/twisted/pliedyarns.Thefoldedyarnsmayfurtherbecombinedandtwistedtogetherdependingontheenduserequirements.

Usually,thefilamentyarnsproducedattheman-madefibermanufacturer’sworks（thatis,afterextrusionanddrafting）,cannotbestraightawayusedfortextileapplications.Thesearecalledflatfilamentyarns.Inmanycases,theyrequireabulkingprocess（texturisation）andaccordingly,thesebulkedfilamentyarnsarecalledtexturisedyarns.

Inourpresentcourse,weareconcernedonlytheproductionofyarnsmadefromstaplefibersandthus,thefocuswillbeontheproductionofstaplefiberyarns.

Staplefiberyarnproductionprocessescanbebroadlydividedintotwomajorstreams:

short-staplespinningprocessandlong-staplespinningprocess.

Inshort-staplespinningprocess,fibershavingastaplelengthofabout20to40mmareconvertedtoyarns（orevenmorebroadly,fibershavingcharacteristicssimilartocotton,particularly,withregardtolengthareconvertedtoyarns）.

Cottonisamajorcommercialfiberandspinningofcottonfibersintoyarnsisamajorcommercialactivityinmanycountriesoftheworld.Thus,short-staplespinningisalsocalledascottonspinning.

Inlong-staplespinningprocess,fibershavinglengthmuchlongerthatcottonfibersareconvertedtoyarns.Themostimportantfiberthatisusedinlong-staplespinningprocessisthewoolfiber（Woolfibershaveastaplelengthintherangeofabout60to200mm）.Thewoolsectoroflong-staplespinningprocesscanfurtherbedividedintowoolenandworstedyarnproductionprocesses.

Inthewoolenyarnproductionprocess,theyarnsproducedarequitecoarse（thickyarns）andlowergradewoolscanbeusedinthisprocess.Theyarnsproducedinthissectiongointocheaperproductssuchascarpets,blanketsetc.

Intheworstedyarnproductionprocess,theyarnsproducedarefine（thinyarns）.Goodqualitywoolisapre-requisiteforthissystem.Theyarnsproducedgointofinematerialssuchassuitingandsimilarexpensivematerials.

Thereareotherlong-staplespinningprocessesemployingfiberssuchasflax,juteetc.

Themajoremphasisinthispresentcoursewillbeonshort-staplespinningprocess,asthisisthemostimportantsectorofyarnproduction.Wherevernecessary,importantfeaturesofthelong-stapleprocessspinningalsowillbecovered.Theprinciplesofyarnproduction,whethertheybeshort-stapleorlong-staple,arebroadlysimilar.Agoodunderstandingofshort-staplespinningprocessisessentialandadvantageoustounderstandothersystemsofyarnproduction.

2.MajorObjectivesinYarnProduction

Oneofthemostimportantaspectsofyarnproductionisthecostofproductionofyarn.Everyeffortismadetoreducethecostofproductiontotheminimumpossible.Theoptionsincludetheuseofappropriatequalityofcottonatreasonableprices,achievinghighestpossibleefficienciesandproductionratesinthemachinery,employingasminimumnumberofworkersaspossible,usingaslessenergyaspossible,reductionofoverheadsandsoon.

Theyarnshouldservetheenduseforwhichithasbeenproduced.

Atitsbarestminimum,theyarnshouldrunwithasfewendbreaksaspossibleinanyofthesubsequentprocesses.Infact,eveninthespinningprocessitself,thematerialshouldrunwithasfewbreaksaspossible.Theincidenceofendbreaksisamajorfactoraffectingtheproductioncostsandthequalityoftheproduct.

Theyarnsmeantforweaving,ingeneral,shouldhavesufficientstrengthtowithstandthestressesandstrainsoftheweavingprocess（particularlyintheloom）.

Theyarnsmeantforknittingdonotrequireasmuchstrengthasthatofweavingyarns.However,theyarnsshouldbe,ingeneral,moreuniform,softandfreefromdefects.

Forsometypesofenduses,itmaybenecessarytoproducesoftyarns（examples:

bathtowelswheremoistureabsorptionisveryimportant;wherethefeelofthefabricshouldbesoftetc）.Ontheotherhand,forsomeenduses,theyarnsneedtobehard.

Theyarnsproducedshouldbeasuniformaspossible.Here,thetermuniformityreferstotheuniformityoftheyarnintermsofcount,strength,appearanceandsoon.

Yarnsareseldomproducedfromasinglevarietyofcottonorwool.Usually,twotofourvarietiesofcottonsdifferingintheirpropertiesaremixedtoproduceyarns.Again,thesevarietiesofcottonsneedtobethoroughlymixedtoobtainauniformquality.Similarly,whenblendedyarns（example-cottonpluspolyesterfiber）areproduced,thedifferentmaterialsneedtobethoroughlyblended.Thesameprocedureappliesinthecaseofwoolsalso.Manymachinesandtechniqueshavebeenspecificallydesignedtoachievethisthoroughmixing/blendingofthevariouscomponentsmakingupamixing/blending.

Anothertermthatisfrequentlyusedinspinningistheevennessoftheyarn.Evennessreferstominimummass（orthickness）variationalongthelengthoftheyarn.Thispropertyofevennessisconsideredtobeafundamentalandmostimportantpropertyofyarn.Largeamountofeffortsonmachinedesignandonday-to-dayqualitycontrolworkisrequiredtoproduceevenyarn.

Theyarnsproducedshouldbefreefromlocalizeddefectscalled‘imperfections’.Theimperfectionsaresmalldefectswhichcouldbesmallthickorthinplaces;anotherimperfection