福建省福州市届高中毕业班质量检测一模英语试题word有答案.docx

福建省福州市届高中毕业班质量检测一模英语试题word有答案.docx

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福建省福州市届高中毕业班质量检测一模英语试题word有答案

2021年3月福州市高中毕业班质量检测

英语试题

（本试题卷共12页。

全卷满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Thenewyearalwaysbringspredictions.Youknowwhogetsthemright?

BLUETOOTH

Inhisfuturistic1953novelFahrenheit451,RayBradburyanticipatedBluetooth,describingwirelessearphonesthatallowedfor"anelectronicoceanofsound,ofmusicandtalk"tobetransferredthroughtheair.ImaginehowthrilledhewouldhavebeenwithaBluetoothtoaster!

ThatwastheideabehindGriffin'sConnectedToaster,whichwarnedyouviasmartphonewhenyourtoastwasdone.At$100,thisbabycostalotofbread,whichmaybewhyitwasdiscontinuedjusttwoyearsafterlaunch.

SMARTWATCH

TheAppleWatchletsyouchat,playgames,andwatchvideosonadevicefastenedtoyourwrist.Cool,huh?

TheJetsonsthoughtso…in1962—whenSteveJobswasstillinsecondgrade!

WI-FI

NikolaTeslacalledit!

In1909,thefamouselectricalengineertoldtheNewYorkTimes,"Itwillsoonbepossibletosendwirelessmessagesallovertheworldsosimplythatanyindividualcancarryandoperatehisownequipment."NodoubthewasthinkingoftheKérastaseHairCoachbrush,whichmeasuredbrushingspeedandemployedamicro-phonetolistentoyourhair,alltocomputeanoverallhair-qualityscoresenttoyoursmartphone.（Alas,ittooisgone.）

GPS

WriterArthurC.Clarke（2001:

ASpaceOdyssey）sawaworldinwhichnoonegotlost.In1956，hewrotethatsatellites“couldmakepossibleaposition-findinggrid（铁网）wherebyanyonecouldlocatehimselfbymeansofacoupleofdialsonaninstrumentaboutthesizeofawatch.”Clarkedidn'tmentionthathissystemmightalsotrackanotherperson,suchasacriminal.Lastyear,theNewYorkCitypolicearrestedarobberwhowaswearingaGPSanklemonitor—becausehewasstillonprobation（缓刑）forapriorcrime.

21.Whichofthepredictionsistheearliest?

A.BLUETOOTH.B.SMARTWATCH.C.WI-FI.D.GPS.

22.WhydidGriffin'sConnectedToasterdisappear?

A.Tooexpensive.B.Outofdate.

C.AlittleawkwardD.Energy-consuming.

23.WhatwasClarice’sprediction?

A.AGPSanklemonitor.B.Arobber-arrestinginstrument.

C.Awatchthatcouldseetheworld.D.Aninstrumentthatcouldlocateaperson.

B

IneverthoughtI'dhearmyselfsayit,butI'vegrowntoenjoyliftingweights，andI'velearnedfromdoingit.Ienjoythesenseofstrengthanddisciplinethatcomeswhenthemusclesareforcedtoresist.I'vetriedvaryingschedules—liftingeveryday,everyotherday,twodaysonandadayoff.Theeverydayapproachwastheleasteffective.IgetthebeststrengtheningresultswhenIgivemyselfabreak.

Thesameistruewithmindandspirit.Withoutgivingyourselfachancetoreenergize,youbegintobreakdownalltheconnectivefibersofyourlife.IusedtojustgivemyselfSundaysoff.NowI'mschedulingdowntimeinthemidstofeverything—and“everything”includestwomagazines,buildingahouseinHawaii,workingonanABCmovie—and,ohyeah,mydayjob.Keepingitallstraightwasbeginningtofeelalittlestressful.SoItoldmyselfthatjustbecauseIhavetenfreeminutesonmycalendardoesn'tmeanIwanttofillthem.Breathingspacehastobecomepartofmydailyroutine.

Soinsteadofhavingpeoplelinedupoutsidemyofficeafterthefirstshow—Itapetwoaday—Idonothingforatleasttenminutes.Thechangehasworkedwonders.Ihavemoreenergy,andI'minabettermoodforthesecondshowandallthebusinessthatcomesafterward.

NowthatIhavethesummerofftositunderthetreesreading,napping,writing,andthinking,Iknowforsureit’stimewellspent.I’mrefillingmytanksothatbyfall,whenthenewseasonbegins,I'llbefiredupandreadyforwhateveristocome.Fullyrestored.

24.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toarousethereaders'concern.B.Tosummarizethewholepassage.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofagoodlifestyle.D.Tointroducethethemeofthewholepassage.

25.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragreewith?

A.Keepingeverythingstraight.B.Restingatanytime.

C.Takingbreaksbetweentasks.D.Havingafullschedule.

26.Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inPara.2referto?

A.Everything.B.Buildingahouse.

C.Mydayjob.D.Workingonamovie.

27.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Liftingweightschangespeopledlife.B.Alittlerestorationhelpsgoalongway.

C.Whypeopleneedtobeinhighspirits.D.Tenminutes'breakwillworkwonders.

C

TheMayacityofTikalisfamousforitsamazingpalacesandtemples.ButsomethingfarmoreordinarykeptTikalfunctioning:

itswater-purifying（净化）system，theearliestknownofitskind.

Researchersrecentlydiscoveredavolcanicmineralthattrapsmicrobes（微生物）andheavymetalsinTikal'slargestreservoir（水库）.Becausethematerialisnotfoundnearby,thefindingsuggeststhepresenceofaman-madewater-purifyingdevice.

Thefindingdeniesthelong-standingideathattheancientworldstechnologicalachievementsbelongedtotheEasternworld,likeEgypt,andChina.Theleadingscientistofthisresearch,KennethTankersleysays,"Whentalkingaboutpurifyingwater,theMayawerethousandsofyearsahead.”

LocatedintheforestsofCentralAmerica,Tikal,isthoughttohavebeenhometomorethan45,000people.TheyhadtostruggleagainstadryseasonlastingfromNovemberthroughApril.Storingwaterinreservoirswasasolution,butthatwaterhadtobefittodrink,saidKenneth,“Keepingwatercleanwasofgreatimportance.”

Afewyearsago,theresearchersweresurprisedtofindthatthelargestreservoir,Corriental,hadsignificantlyfewerharmfulchemicalsthantheothers."ThewaterqualityatCorrientalwasmuchhigher."

SomehowtheMayamusthavebeenpurifyingCorriental'swater,theteamassumed."TheMayausedgardensastheirbathrooms.”Kennethsaid,"Thewatercomingintothereservoirwouldnothavebeenveryclean.”

AtthebottomofCorriental,scientistsfoundfourseparatelayers（层）,eachafewcentimetersthick，ofmillimeter-scalezeolites（沸石）.”Thistypeofvolcanicmineralcanpurifywaterandisstillinwidespreadusetoday,Kennethsays,"Justabouteverythingwedrink,frombottledwatertowine,runsthroughazeolitepurifyingdevice."

TheMayawouldn'thaveknownaboutthezeoliteinrock,buttheywouldhaverecognizedthepurifyingeffects,theresearcherssuggest.Azeolite-richrockformationabout30kilometersnortheastofTikalisthelikelysourceofthematerialinCorrientalreservoir,theteamsaidlastmonthinScientificReports.Wateratthissite"wasclearandtastedgood."

28.Whatdidtheresearchersfind?

A.Anewmaterialcalledzeolites.B.Thepurifyingeffectsofzeolites.

C.Anoldwater-purifyingsystem.D.High-qualitywaterinCorriental.

29.HowdidtheMayapurifywater?

A.Bybuildingthelargestreservoir.B.Byusinggardensastheirbathrooms.

C.Bygettingridofheavymetals.D.Byspreadingfourlayersofzeolites.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?

A.TheMayadrankbottledwater.B.TheancientMayawereverybright.

C.Thesystemwascreatedbyaccident.D.ThezeoliteswerefoundinCorriental.

31.AccordingtoKenneth,.

A.theoriginalwaterinCorrientalwasnotcleanenough

B.watersupplyinTikallastedfromNovembertoApril

C.allancienttechnologicalachievementsbelongedtotheEast

D.theMayahadagoodunderstandingofthezeoliteinrocks

D

Canafishbedepressed?

ThisquestionhasbeenonmyheadeversinceIspentanightinahotelacrossfromasad-lookingfish.HisnamewasBruceLee.

Thepleasantwomanatthefrontdeskassuredmethathewaswelltakencareof.WasIincorrectlyassuminghislazinesswasasignofbeingupset?

WhenIsoughtanswersfromscientists,Iassumedthattheywouldfindthequestionridiculous.Buttheydidnot.Newresearchhasbeentotallyshiftingthewaythatscientiststhinkaboutfishcognition（认知），buildingacasethatpetandownerarenotnearlyasdifferentasmanyassume.Theneurochemistry（神经化学）issosimilarthatit’sscary,saidJulianPittman，aprofessor.Wetendtothinkofthemassimplelivingthings,butthereisalotwedon'tgivefishcreditfor.

Dr.Pittmanlikesworkingwithfish,inpart,becausetheyaresoobviousabouttheirdepression.Azebrafishgetsdroppedinanewtank.Ifafterfiveminutesitishangingoutinthelowerhalf,it’sdepressed.Ifit’sswimminguptop,thenit’snot.

Isdepressiontherightword?

There'stheobviousissuethatwecannotaskanimalshowtheyfeel,saysDr.DiegoA.Pizzagali.Neitherfishnorratscancatchtheentirerangeofdepressionasweknowit.

Thereisaheateddebateaboutwhetheranxiousordepressedisamoreappropriateterm.ButwhathasconvincedDr.Pittman,andothers,overthepasttenyearsiswatchingthewaythezebrafishloseinterestinjustabouteverything：

food,toys,exploration,justlikeclinicallydepressedpeoplewhoarewithdrawn.Thesameistrueoffish.

Oneofthethingswe'refindingisthatfisharenaturallycuriousandseeknovelthingsout,saidDr.Braithwaite.Inotherwords,yourgoldfishisprobablybored.Tohelpgetridofdepression,sheurgesintroducingnewobjectstothetankorswitchingupthelocationofitems.

32.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Fishareconsideredsimplelivingthings.

B.Petandownerarealwaysassumedthesame.

C.Scientistshavelearntalotaboutfishcognition.

D.Fishandhumanbeingshavesomethingincommon.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“withdrawn”inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Quietandshy.B.Happyandexcited.

C.Interestedandcareful.D.Disappointedandsurprised.

34.Whycanfishbecomeboreda