英国文学作家作品与主要特征风格吐血整理.docx
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英国文学作家作品与主要特征风格吐血整理
人
书
脑
1.
WilliamShakespeare莎士比亚
1564-1616
RomeoandJuliet罗密欧与朱丽叶
TheMerchantofVenice威尼斯商人;
Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;
Othello奥塞罗;
KingLear尔王;
TheTragedyofMacbeth麦克白;
TimonofAthens雅典的泰门;；
MeasureforMeasure恶有恶报;
TheTempest暴风风雨;
Renaissance
Shakespeariansonnet
14行诗
Notforanage,butforalltime.永垂不朽
Quatrain成组句
Couplet对偶句
2
John Milton
约翰·弥尔顿
1608-1674
（ThephasesofMilton'slifeparallelthemajorhistoricalandpoliticaldivisionsinStuartBritain.
）
L‘Allegro欢乐的人;
IlPenseroso沉思的人;
us科马斯;
Lycidas列西达斯;
Areopagitica论出版自由;
TheDefenseoftheEnglishpeople为英国人民声辩;
TheSecondDefenseoftheEnglishpeople再为英国人民声辩;
ParadiseLost失乐园;
ParadiseRegained复乐园;
SamsonAgonistes力士参
Milton'spoetryandprosereflect
1.deeppersonalconvictions
2.apassionforfreedomandself-determination
3.theurgentissuesandpoliticalturbulence
4.achievedinternationalrenownwithinhislifetime.
1.Richandplextexture,multiplicityoftheclassical（Biblicalandmythological）references,wealthofornamentanddecoration
2.Subjectsaremagnificent
3.Thecharactersarehumanandbelievable
4.Intheending,lifenotdeathistriumphant
RomanticpoetsWilliamBlakeandPercyShelley,whosawSatanastherealheroofthepoemandarebelagainstthetyrannyofHeaven........WinstonChurchill
3
Daniel Defoe
丹尼尔·迪福
1660-1731
1.TheFatheroftheEnglishFiction
2.firstimportantEnglishnovelist标志着近代英国小说的形成
3.versatile多产的
RobinsonCrusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》1719
CaptainSingleton《辛格尔顿船长》1720
MollFlanders《摩尔·弗兰德斯》1722
AJournalofthePlagueYear《大疫年记事》1722
TheShortestWaywiththeDissenters《消灭不同教派的捷径》
HymntothePillory《枷锁颂》→wroteinprison.imitatedthelyricpoemofGreekpoetPindaros（品达罗斯）.
TheTrue-BornEnglishman《地道的英国人》1701→hisfirstironicpoem&themostsuccessfulpoem.
1.Dhadagiftfororganizingminutedetail---bothcredibleandfascinating.
2.Hissentencesaresometimesshortandplain,sometimeslongandrambling---animpressionofcasualnarration.
3.Hislanguageissmooth,easy,andmostlyvernacular地方的.
everythingismonEnglishatitsbestinsteadofartificial..
3.Hisnovelsenjoyapopularityamongmiddleclass.
1.Singsthepraisesoflabour
2.Beautifiesthecolonialism
3.ReflectstheaggressiveandbraveimageoftherisingEnglishbourgeoisie
4.Belaudtheindividualism.
5.Affirmthepowerofhuman,espciallytheforceofreason
4
JonathanSwift斯威夫特1667-1745
（amasterofsatire）
Dublin,Ireland
anattackonpedantry（买弄学问）
1.intheformofaparable
2.asatireuponallreligioussectsanattackonChristianityitself
Lilliput小人国--theTories（托利党）&theWhigs（辉格党）
Brobdingnag大人国---asatireonEnglishlordsandladies
FlyingIsland飞岛国---corruptedphilosophers&projectors
CountryoftheHorses智马国---theconflictsofEnglishsociety
andpeople
simple,clear,vigorouslanguage;
directandpreciseprose;
amastersatirist;
deadlyirony&powerfulsatire.
1.Satire
Swiftwasamanofgreatmoralintegrityandsocialcharm.
Hissatireisusuallymaskedbyanoutwardgravityandanapparentearnestnesswhichrendershissatireallthemorepowerful.
2.SimplicityandDirectness
Swiftisalwaysmostunsurpassedinthewriting.Hedefinedagoodstyleas“properwordsinproperplaces.〞
5
HenryFielding亨利·菲尔丁1707-1754〔英国现实主义小说的奠基者〕
Joseph Andrews约瑟·安德鲁传--epistolarynovel书信体小说
MrJonathanWildtheGreat大伟人江奈生·尔德传
TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling汤姆·琼斯;
Amelia阿美利亚
1.Hefirmlybelievedtheeducationalfunctionofliterature
2.Thepurposeofthenovelwasnotjusttoamuse,buttoinstruct
3.“thejustcopiesofhumanmanners〞
（人类态度的完整拷贝〕
1.Thefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle
2.Third-personnarration“all-knowingGod〞
3.Thelanguageiseasyandfamiliar,butquitevividandvigorous
6
RobertBurns
斯1759-1796
（thenationalpoetofScotland格兰民族诗人）
PoemsintheScottishDialect格兰方言诗集
TheTreeofLiberty自由村;
ScotsWha-Hae格兰人;
TheTwoDogs两只狗;
1.Love&friendship
2.ThenaturalbeautyofhisnativeScotland
3.Thepatriotismofhispatriotsandtheirstruggleforliberty
7
WilliamBlake
布莱克1757-1827
（aprecursorofRomanticisminEnglishpoetry浪漫主义先驱）
SongsofInnocence天真之歌;
SongsofExperience经验之歌；
（simplewithoutbeingnaive;childlikewithoutbeingchildish;innocentwithoutbeinginsipid乏味〕
TheFrenchRevolution法国革命;
TheMarriageofHeavenandHell天堂与地狱的婚姻;
名诗：
Lamb;London;TheTiger
1.Innerspiritualfreedomoftheindividual
2.Plain,simple,direct,immensemeaning
3.Visionimages
8
WilliamWordsworth
威廉·华兹华斯1770-1850
〔PoetLaureate桂冠诗人〕
（developedandcherished
aloveofnature）
LyricalBallads抒情歌谣集
〔markthebreakwith18thcenturyclassicismandthebeginningofromanticisminEnglishpoetry〕;
TheSolitaryReaper
poseduponWestminsterBridge
Nature
Ordinarypeople
Ordinarylife
Algoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.
"Preface":
classicstatementofRomanticpoetryprinciples;
manifestooftheEnglishRomanticmovementinpoetry
Thefunctionofpoetryliesinitspowertogiveanunexpectedsplendortofamiliarandmonplacethings,to“incidentsandsituationsfrommonlife.〞Allkindsofpeople,ordinarypeasants,children,evenoutcasts,canenterpoetry.
1.Headvocatedusingthelanguageofmonpeople.
2.Imaginationwasveryimportantinpoeticcreation.
9
JaneAustin简·奥斯丁1775-1817
PrideandPrejudice傲慢与偏见;
SenseandSensibility理智与情感;
Emma爱玛;
MansfieldPark曼斯菲尔德公园;
Persuasion劝导
NorthangerAbbey诺桑觉
LadySusan
Thewatsons
Sanditon
1.Herearliestfictionalventuresarefullofcharminganddelicateedy.
2.Shewasalmostuninfluenced,bythecurrentfashionsinfictionorbytherevolutionaryideas.
3.Simplestoriesofmonplacepeopleoftheuppermiddleclass.
4.Herworksshowawealthofcharacterstudies,andaboundinwit,humorandcharm.
Shenevertouchedupontheclassconflictsofhertime,andinherworkstheextremesofwealthandpovertyareunknown.
Sherestrictedhersubject,mattertoanarrowrangeofsocietyandevents:
aquiet,prosperous,middle-classcircleinprovincialsurroundings.
Shetreatedherwritingmaterialwithsuchsubtletyofobservation,depthofpsychologicalpenetrationanddelicacyoftouchthatsheisrankedamongthebestofEnglishnovelists.
10
GeorgeGordonByron
乔治·拜伦1788-1824
HoursofIdliness懒散的时刻;
EdinburghReview
EnglishBordsandScottishReviewers英国诗人与格兰评论家;
ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage恰罗德·哈罗德游记;
HebrewMelodies歌谣集
PrisonofChillon
Manfred曼弗雷德;
Cain该隐
DonJuan唐·璜
SheWalksinBeauty她在美中行
Byron’spoetryexertedgreatinfluenceontheRomanticMovement,owingtohisattacksonpolitical,religiousandmoralhypocrisy,totheromanticcharacterof“ByronicHero〞andtotheeasy,naturalbeautyofhisverse.
11
PercyByssheShelley
波西·比希·雪莱1792-1822
QueenMab麦布女王;
PrometheusUnbound解放了的普罗米修斯;
TheCenci钦契;
SongtotheMenofEngland致英国人民;
TheMasqueofAnarchy专制魔王的化装游行;
OdetotheWestWind/aSkylark西风/云雀颂;
1.Shellywasarevolutionaryandademocrat.Hewasfightingallhislifeagainstcruelty,injustice,authorityandinstitutionalreligion.
2.Heheldthatpoetryalonecouldfreemanandofferthemindawiderviewofitspowers.
3.“Poetryisamoredirectrepresentationoftheactionsandpassionsofourinternalbeing〞
12
JohnKeats
约翰·济兹1795-1821
Endymion恩底弥翁;
Isabella伊莎贝拉;
TheEveofSanitAgnes圣爱尼节前夜;
OntheGrasshopperandCrickets蛐蛐和蟋蟀
OdetoaNightingale夜莺颂;
ToAutumn秋颂;
OdeonaGrecianUrn希腊古瓮颂;
Hispoetryisalwayssensuous,colorfulandrichinimaginary.
Keatshasthepowerofenteringthefeelingsofothers---eitherhumanoranimal.Hedeclaredthatwhenhesawabirdonthelawn,theenteredimaginativelyintothelifeofthebird.
13
CharlesDickens
狄更斯
1812-1870
ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub匹克威克外传;
OliverTwist奥利弗·退斯特;
AmericanNotes美国札记;
MartinChuzzlewit马丁·朱述尔维特;
TheOldCuriosityShop老古玩店;
DombeyandSon董贝父子;
DavidCopperfield大卫·科波菲尔;
HardTimes困难时世;
ATaleofTwoCities双城记;
GreatExpectation远大前程
Charlescontinuedtousehisbookstotellaboutthebadconditionsthattheworkingclassesandpoorpeoplehadtoliveunder.Hehopedthatbydoingthisthingswouldchangeforthegood,buttheyjustseemedtogetworse.
’sanadaptedaccountofDickens’ownlifefromchildhoodtoearlyadulthood.（5Aspects—C.P.）
2.The1stpointofviewaddsmuchtotherealisticeffectsandsympathetictreatmentofcharacters.
3.Thesuccessfulemploymentofchild’spointofview,bringsoutthetruthfulnessandgeniusesofDavid’sexperiencesandhisfeelings.
14
ThomasHardy
哈代1840-1928
TheReturnoftheNative还乡;
TheMayorofCasterbridge卡斯特桥市长;
TessoftheD’urbervilles德伯家的苔丝;
JudetheObscure无名的裘德
TheDynasts统治者三部曲
RomancesandFantasies;
novelsofingenuity;
novelsofcharacterandenvironment
1.FiercecriticismofthehypocriticalmoralityofsocietyandtheinhumanexploitationofthecapitalistswhoinvadedtheEnglishcountryanddestroyedthepeasantryfromtheroot.
2.Tess:
atypicalvictimofthesociety,apersonalandalsosocialtragedy.（poverty,society,twomen）
3.Fateplaysanimportantrole.
4.“Justicewasdone,andthePresidentoftheImmortalshadendedhissportwithTess.〞
1.Hisviewwasrathergloomyanddark,inevitableconflictsandtragedyofhumanlife.
2.Hisworksarenotedfortherealisticpresentationoflifeandsocialcriticism.
3.Heisagreatpainterofnature.（Wessex）
4.Instyle,heisatraditionalistandheightensthelocalandregiona
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