剑桥BEC商务英语考试高级阅读真题.docx

剑桥BEC商务英语考试高级阅读真题.docx

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剑桥BEC商务英语考试高级阅读真题

剑桥BEC商务英语考试（高级）阅读真题

剑桥BEC商务英语考试（高级）阅读真题一

　　·Lookatthesentencesbelowandatfivepassagestakenfromabookaboutfamousmanagementthinkersontheoppositepage.

　　·Whichpassagedoeseachsentencereferto?

　　·Foreachsentence1-8,markoneletterA1B,C,DorEonyourAnswerSheet.

　　·Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.

　　Example:

　　Hehasdevelopedhisowncompanytopromotehiswork.

　　0ABCDE

　　1Othersinhisfieldthinkveryhighlyofhim.

　　2Hisideashavespreadbeyondthebusinessworld.

　　3Hefeltthatpeopleshouldbeabletoenjoytheirwork.

　　4Hisideasaremorecomplexthantheyseem.

　　5Hedidavarietyofinterestingthingsbeforewritinghisbooks.

　　6Hismostsuccessfulbookwaswrittenwithacolleague.

　　7Heisparticularlyskilledatforecastingimportantdevelopments.

　　8Contactwiththemilitarywasanearlyinfluenceonhisthinking.

　　AJohnAdair

　　AdairisthepioneeringBritishthinkerinthetheoryofleadership.HewasthefirstpersonintheUKtoholdaprofessorshipinBusinessLeadershipandhaspublishedaseriesofinfluentialbooksonthesubject.

　　Despitehisquietappearance,Adairhashadacolourfullife,servinginaBedouinregimentandworkingonanArcticfishingboat!

HisinitialinterestinleadershipcamefromhisarmyexperienceandheusedtolectureatthehighlyprestigiousacademywhereBritisharmyofficesaretrained.Henowworksasaninternationalconsultant.

　　BEdwarddeBono

　　DeBonoisunusualamongmajorgurusfortworeasons:

firstly,hewasbornnotinoneofthegreatindustrialnationsbutonthetinyislandofMalta.Secondly,hisideashavereachedawideraudiencethanjustmanagers,sothathisbookshavebecomeessentialrendinginmanydifferentdisciplines.

　　MostofdeBonosworkhasbeenconcernedwiththewayhumanbeingscantrainthemselvestothinkmorecreatively.Thisapparentlysimpleideahasresultedin37booksandahighlysuccessfulcareerasalecturerandconsultant.

　　CPeterDrucker

　　ProbablynoothersinglethinkerhasdoneasmuchasDruckertoestablishmanagementasaseriousareaofstudy.Certainly,hisfellowmanagementthinkersconsiderhimoneofthefoundingfathersofthediscipline,andhisbooksandarticlesarequotedmorethanthoseofanyothermanagementwriter.

　　Hisfirstbookwaspublishedasfarbackas1939,yetheisstillwritingandteaching.Hisgreatestdistinctionhasbeenhisabilitytopredictcomingtrendsinbusinessandeconomics.Asaresult,hisideasaretreatedwiththegreatestrespectandinterest.

　　DFrederickHerzberg

　　Althoughrelativelyfewcontemporarymanagementstudentswillhavereadhisbooks,Herzbergsnameisinstantlyrecognisabletoanyonewhohasstudiedindustrialorganisations.ThisisbecausetheAmericanpsychologistwasresponsibleforintroducingtheconceptofmotivationintomanagementthinking.

　　Asayoungman,Herzbergbecamedeeplyinterestedinmentalillnessandthehumanneedformentalandemotionalsatisfaction.Thisledhimtocriticisetheapproachofmanycompaniestojobdesign,andtoarguefortheneedforjobenrichmenttostimulateemployeesefforts.

　　ETomPeters

　　TheAmericansreputationwascreatedintheI980sbythespectacularsuccessofonebook,InSearchofExcellence,co-writtenwithRobertWaterman.Thetwowereworkingtogetherasmanagementconsultantsandno-oneexpectedtheirfirst（andonly）booktoendupselling5millioncopiesworldwide!

　　Althoughhisideashavebeencriticised,Peterspopularityasaspeakerandwriterhascontinuedtogrow.SomuchsothatPetershascreatedhisownbusinesstomarketbooks,videosandconsultancybasedonhiswork.

PARTTWO

　　Questions9-14

　　·Readthistextfromanarticleabouthealthclubs.

　　·Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofillineachofthegaps.

　　·Foreachgap9-14,markoneletterA-HonyourAnswerSheet.

　　·Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.

　　·Thereisanexampleatthebeginning（0）.

　　Travelstressbringsboomtohealthclubs

　　Arapidgrowthinbusinesstravelhasprovidedalucrativespin-offforBritishhealthclubsascompaniestrytopreventhard-workingexecutivesfromsufferingtravel-relatedstress.

　　Healthclubsarefullybookedthroughoutthecomingmonthsallaroundthecountryandmanyareplanningtoexpandtheirfacilities.

　　0HAccordingtoGillieTurner,groupmarketingmanagerfortheChampneysgroupofhealthclubs,duringthelastrecessionexecutiveslostmanyoftheirextrabenefitsascompaniescutback..9ShesaysthatlargecompaniesalsoseemtohavedecidedthatitisnogoodsendingsomeonetoacountrylikeSpainasarewardfordoingagoodjob,becausetheywillsimplyeattoomuchandflopontoabeach..10

　　Champneys,thecompanyacknowledgedasthemarketleaderinthisfield,isnowplanningtointroduceaspecial"ProfitingfromStress"course,whichwillrunoverthreedays..11JonathonStapleton,generalmanagerofChampneys,saysthatmoderncorporatelifebeingwhatitis,mostbusinesstravellersfindthattheyarehavingtodotheworkwhich-evenayearago-wasdonebytwo.12

　　Tomeetthisnewdemand,otherhealthclubsarealsothinkingofintroducingsimilarschemes.ClareBrandish,thesalesandmarketingdirectorofanotherhealthclub,hasnoticedamarkedchangeintheclienteleatherclub..13

　　Businessesofallkindsareanxioustoreduceabsenteeism..14M

　　uchoftheproblemiscausedbylongperiodsawayfromhome,irregularhours,businessentertainingandjetlag.

　　AccordingtotheGuildofBusinessTravelAgents,salesofbusiness-classairlineticketshaverisenby12%inthepastyear,hotelbookingshavegoneupby36%andcarhirehasrisenby24%.DaveReynolds,theGBTAchiefexecutive,saysthatthetroubleisthatthesamenumberofpeoplearebeingaskedtotravelmoreoften.Hecommentsthatitisno

　　wondertheyneedtotakeabreakinahealthclub.

　　AIthasbeencalculatedthatabout40millionworkingdaysarelosteachyearinBritainbecauseofstress,tentimesasmanyasarelost10industrialdisputes.

　　BThishasinvolvedaconsiderableriseinthenumberofbusinessbookings,whereaspreviouslymostclientscameasprivateindividuals.

　　CNowtheyarebeingrestored,asindustryrealisesthatthehealthofitsexecutivesisvital.

　　DButwhowillbenefitmostfromthesedevelopments?

　　EBecauseofthepressuresthisimposes,manycompanieshavenowdecidedthatitisworthwhilepayingfortheirseniorexecutivestotakeaproperbreakandgetadviceonhowtocombatstress.

　　FExecutivestakingpartinitwillbegivenmassagesandhealthtreatments,workoutsandarangeoftalksonhowtodealwithstress,especiallywhentravelling.

　　GSowhatsthereasonforthisnowtrend?

Readthefollowingarticleonrecruitingandmanagingstaffandthequestionsontheoppositepage.

　　·Eachquestionhasfoursuggestedanswersorwaysoffinishingthesentence,A,B,CandD.

　　·MarkoneletterA,B,CorDonyourAnswerSheet,fortheansweryouchoose.

　　Asamanagerintheserviceindustrysector,I'velookedathundredsofCVsinmytime.Theyarenotnecessarilytheblanddocumentssomebossesmightthinktheyare!

Theyarefulloflittlepointerstowardsindividualspersonalitiesandsuitabilityforthejob.ThefirstthingIalwayslookatisanapplicantsemploymentrecord.Icheckforcontinuityandstability.Ifsomebodyhasalonglistofpreviousjobs,allofvaryinglength,alarmbellsstartringing.Ratherthananirregularroutefromjobtojob,whatIhopetoseeisstablecareerprogression.Whatdoestheircareerpathlooklike-isitallstepsforward,oraretherealotofsidewaysmoves?

AndIamalwayspleasedtofindafamilypersonwithchildren,becauseinmyexperiencetheytendtoberesponsibleandreliable.

　　IneverrelyonCVsalone.Wegetapplicantstofillinoneofourownapplicationforms.Weaskwhythey'veapplied,whattheiraspirationsandpersonalgoalsare,andalsoabouttheirinterestsandhobbiesandanyclubstheybelongto.Thatgivesyouausefulinsightintotheirpersonalityandlifestyle.Theapplicationformalsoenablesustotesthowmuchpeoplehaveactuallybeenprogressingintheircareers,becauseweaskfordetailsofthesalariestheyhavereceivedforeachjob.

　　ItsalwaysworthlookingatCVsanddesigningapplicationformswithgreatcare.Takingonemployeesmightberewarding,butitisalsoabiginvestmentforanybusiness.Mistakesinchoosingstaffcancostcompaniesdear,soitmakessensetospendtimeensuringyougettherightperson.

　　Intheservicesector,oneoftheaimsofcompaniesistomaintainandimprovecustomerservice,andthisisachievedpartlythroughlowstaffturnover.Youneedtotakeonpeoplewhounderstandthat,andwillwanttostay.Thatswhy,whenyou'vetakenstaffon,thenextthingisgettingthebestoutofthem.

　　MymanagementstylecomesfromthedayswhenItookovermyfirstbusiness,anailingroadhaulagefirmwhichIwascertainIcouldturnintoaprofitablecompany.Thefirstthingistotreatothersasyoudliketobetreatedyourself.AssoonasItookoverthebusiness,Italkedtoeverybodyindividually,andlookedforwaystomakesuretheirparticularskillsbenefitedthecompany.

　　Ididn'thavemuchexperiencethenofmanagingpeople,butaboveallIalwaystriedtobefairandhonestwitheveryone.Asaresult,Ithinkthestaffknewthatandacceptedmydecisions,eveniftheydidn'tagreewiththemall.Also,bossesmustbeabletocommunicate.Youalsoneedtocreateteamspirit,andbuildonthestrengthoftheteam.Iexplainedmyplansforthecompanytoallthestaff,