考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案跨考版.docx
《考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案跨考版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案跨考版.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案跨考版
2017考研《英语二》阅读真题及答案(跨考版)
考试采取“一题多卷”模式,试题答案顺序不统一,请依据试题进行核对。
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.
ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—upto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.
Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:
Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:
Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.
Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally“grassroots”,conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.
21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas.
[A]gainedgreatpopularity
[B]createdmanyjobs
[C]strengthenedcommunityties
[D]becomeanofficialfestival
【答案】[A]gainedgreatpopularity
22.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto.
[A]boostpopulationgrowth
[B]promotesportparticipation
[C]improvethecity’simage
[D]increasesporthoursinschools
【答案】[B]promotesportparticipation
23.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit.
[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents
[B]focusesonmasscompetition
[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism
[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers
【答案】[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism
24.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould.
[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents
[B]superviselocalsportsassociations
[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs
[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities
【答案】[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities
25.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis.
[A]tolerant
[B]critical
[C]uncertain
[D]sympathetic
【答案】[B]critical
Text2
Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”
Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.
Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.
Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren:
“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.
26.AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto______.
[A]simplifyroutinematters
[B]absorbuserattention
[C]betterinterpersonalrelations
[D]increaseworkefficiency
【答案】[B]absorbuserattention
27.Radesky’sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers’useofdevices______.
[A]takesawaybabies’appetite
[B]distractschildren’sattention
[C]slowsdownbabies’verbaldevelopment
[D]reducesmother-childcommunication
【答案】[D]reducesmother-childcommunication
28.Radesky’scitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshowthat_______.
[A]itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions
[B]verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange
[C]childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents’mood
[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalneeds
【答案】[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalneeds
29.TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto_______.
[A]protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies
[B]teachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsayear
[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren
[D]remainconcernedaboutkid’suseofscreens
【答案】[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren
30.AccordingtoTronick,kid’suseofscreensmay_______.
[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime
[B]maketheirparentsmorecreative
[C]helpthemwiththeirhomework
[D]helpthembecomemoreattentive
【答案】[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime
Text3
RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.
ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?
Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.
Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.
Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:
WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.
So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchase