山西省山西大学附中学年高二上学期月考试题英语.docx

山西省山西大学附中学年高二上学期月考试题英语.docx

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山西省山西大学附中学年高二上学期月考试题英语

第一部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）

第一节（共15小题，每题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

IncredibleWomenYouDidn'tLearnAboutinHistoryClass

Herearethestoriesofwomenyoumaynotknowabout,butdefinitelyshould

◆MariaSibyllaMerian

BorninGermanyin1647,Merianwasfascinatedbyinsects,andshebegancollecting,studying,anddrawingthemwhenshewasasyoungas13.Shewasoneofthefewnaturalistsofhertimetoactuallystudyliveinsects.Itwasthroughherstudyofcaterpillars（毛毛虫）thatshediscoveredthetruthabouttheirlifecycles.Herworkprovidedmajorcontributionstothefieldofentomology（昆虫学）。

◆MurasakiShikibu

MurasakiShikibu,aJapanesewoman,waswidelyconsideredtobetheworld’sfirstnovelist.ShewasanoblewomanlivinginJapanaroundtheyear1000AD.Shewroteatwo-partnovelcalledTheTaleofGenji,whichtellsariches-to-ragsstoryaboutthesonofaJapaneseemperorforcedtoliveasacommonman.TheTaleofGenjiiswidelyconsideredtobeamasterpieceofJapaneseliterature.

◆AdaLovelace

Adawasworkingtodesignearlycomputingmachinesthatshehopedwouldbeabletoquicklysolvemathproblems.Inadditiontodesigningthisearlycomputerprogram,shealsowasfirsttosuggestthatthesecomputersmightbeabletodomorethan,well,calculate.Sheimaginedthemdoingeverything,fromproducingimagestocomposingmusic.

◆LucyStone

Bornin1818,Stonemarriedafellowactivistandchangedhername,butdecidedtochangeitbackayearlater.Sheheldthebeliefthat"awifeshouldnomoretakeherhusband'snamethanhers."ShebecamethefirstAmericanmarriedwomantokeephermaidennameforherentirelife.StonewasalsooneofthefoundingmembersoftheAmericanEqualRightsAssociationandfoughtfortheendingofslavery.

1.WhatcanreaderslearnaboutfromTheTaleofGenji？

A.AncientJapaneseculture.B.Developmentofcomputer.

C.Researchonlivingthings.D.ModernlifeofJapanesewomen.

2.WhatdoMariaSibyllaMerianandAdaLovelacehaveincommon？

A.Theywerepioneersincomputer.B.Theydevotedthemselvestoscience.

C.Theycreatedmasterpiecesofliterature.D.TheymadeprogressinstudyingInsects

3.Whichofthefollowingwomenfoughtforhumanrights？

A.LucyStoneB.AdaLovelace

C.MurasakiShikibuD.MariaSibyllaMerlan

B

OnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder：

Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.

Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children’sRoom”.Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmy“secretsharer”,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.

Thereonthebook’scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidentical（相同的）tomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos：

theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.

Undertheshadeofabrush,IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho,likemine,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thatdogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether

Mymother’scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething：

Ihadreadabook,andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.

Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous（奇迹）”experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.

4.Theauthor’smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto________.

A.encouragehimtodomorewalkingB.lethimspendameaningfulsummer

C.helpcurehimofhisreadingproblemD.makehimlearnmoreaboutweapons

5.Thebookcaughttheauthor’seyebecause________.

A.itremindedhimofhisowndogB.hefounditstitleeasytounderstand

C.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimalsD.helikedchildren’sstoriesverymuch

6.Whycouldtheauthormanagetoreadthebookthrough？

A.Hewasforcedbyhismothertoreadit.B.Heidentifiedwith（对某事有同感）thestoryinthebook.

C.Thebooktoldthestoryofhispetdog.D.Thehappyendingofthestoryattractedhim.

7.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleofthepassage？

A.MyPassionforReadingB.Mum’sStrictOrder

C.ReunionwithMyBeagle.D.TheCharmofaBook.

C

Scientistshavealwaysbeeninterestedinthehighleveloforganizationinantsocieties.Americanresearchershavewatchedantsbuildlife-savingraftstokeepafloatduringfloods.Theyalsohaverecordedhowantschoosetheirnextqueen—thefemalewhosejobistoproduceeggs.

Newtechnologyishelpingtoimproveresearchers’understandingoftheinsects.Butthereisstillalottobelearned.

FireantslivinginBrazilianforestsareperfectlyathomeinanenvironmentwherefloodingiscommon.Tosavethemselves,theinsectsconnecttheirlegstogetherandcreatefloatingrafts.Someantraftscanbeupto20centimeterswide.

DavidHuisanengineerwiththeGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,alsoknownasGeorgiaTech,saying,"Ifyouhave100ants,whichmeans600legs,99percentofthoselegswillbeconnectedtoaneighbor.Sothey'revery,verygoodatkeepingthisnetwork."

DavidHuandotherGeorgiaTechresearcherswantedtostudyantsandthesecretoftheirengineering.Theyfrozeantraftsandthenlookedatthemwiththehelpofcomputedtechnology,orCTimages.Thepicturesshowedthatlargerantsserveincentralpositionstowhichsmallerantshold.Thelargerantscreatepocketsofairthatkeeptheinsectsafloat.

Scientistssaysmallrobotsormaterialsthatcanchangeshapecouldbeprogrammedinasimilarway,workingtowardsasharedgoal.

ResearchersatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityarealsostudyingants.TheyexaminedhowIndianjumpingantschoosetheleaderofthecolonywhentheylosetheirtopfemaleorqueen.

8.Theauthortakesfireantsasanexampletotellus_____.

A.howantssurviveB.howantsseekfood

C.howantscommunicateD.howantslivetogether

9.WhatcanweknowfromwhatDavidHusaidinparagraph4？

A.Antsknowthewaytokeepintouchintheriver.B.Antsknowthewaytojointogetherclosely.

C.Antsknowthewaytolookforeachother.D.Antsknowthewaytobuildalargeraft.

10.Whydidthelargerantsserveincentralpositionsintheirantrafts？

A.Tostresstheirimportance.B.Tohelpalltheantsfloat.

C.Tofightagainsttheenemies.D.Todefendtheirtopfemale.

11.Whatideasdotheantsgiveusaccordingtothepassage？

A.Wecanusesimilar-shapedmachinesinfloodingareas.

B.Wecancombinesmallrobotsormaterialsintolargerones.

C.Smallandshape-changeablethingsmightworkjustlikeantsdo.

D.Smallrobotsormaterialsintheshapeofantscanbemade.

D

We’veallbeenthere：

inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.

What’stheproblem？

It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.

Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease（润滑剂）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.＂Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,＂heexplains.＂Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.＂

Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互动）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.＂It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,＂saysDunn.＂Butinteractionswithperipheral（边缘的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.＂

Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.＂Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,＂hesays.

12.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph？

A.Addictiontosmartphones.B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.

C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice.

13.Whatisimportan