中国名校英语四级密卷1.docx
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中国名校英语四级密卷1
中国名校英语四级密卷
(1)
PartⅡ
ReadingComprehension(35minutes)
Directions:
Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
PassageOne
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Antarcticahasactuallybecomeakindofspacestation—auniqueobservationpostfordetectingimportantchangesintheworld’senvironment.S1Remotefrommajorsourcesofpollutionandthecomplexgeologicalandecologicalsystemsthatprevailelsewhere,Antarcticamakespossiblescientificmeasurementsthatareoftensharperandeasiertointerpretthanthosemadeinotherpartsoftheworld.
GrowingnumbersofscientiststhereforeseeAntarcticaasadistantearlywarningsensor,wherepotentiallydangerousglobaltrendsmaybespottedbeforetheyshowuptothenorth.Onepromisingfieldofinvestigationisglaciology.ScholarsfromtheUnitedStates,Switzerland,andFrancearepursuingsevenseparatebutrelatedprojectsthatreflecttheirconcernforthehealthoftheWestAntarcticIceSheet—aconcerntheybelievetheworldatlargeshouldshare.
TheTransantarcticMountain,someofthemmorethan14,000feethigh,dividethecontinentintotwoverydifferentregions.Thepartofthecontinenttothe“east”ofthemountainsisahighplateaucoveredbyanicesheetnearlytwomilesthick.“West”ofthemountain,thehalfofthecontinentsouthoftheAmericasisalsocoveredbyanicesheet,buttheretheicerestsonrockthatismostlywellbelowsealevel.IftheWestAntarcticIceSheetdisappeared,thewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbereducedtoasparseclusterofisland.
Whileiceandsnowareobviouslycentraltomanyenvironmentalexperiments,othersfocusonthemysterious“dryvalley”ofAntarctica,valleysthatcontainlittleiceorsnoweveninthedepthsofwinter.SlashedthroughthemountainsofsouthernVictorialand,thesevalleysonceheldenormousglaciersthatdescend9,000feetfromthepolarplateautotheRossSea.Nowtheglaciersaregone,perhapsacasualtyoftheTheCarnegieFoundationreportsaysthatmanycollegeshavetriedtobe“allthingstoallpeople”.Indoingso,theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrowmindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.
Thecurrentcrisis,itcontends,doesnotderivefromalegitimatedesiretoputlearningtoproductiveends.Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,
theworkhasnocontext;skills,ratherthanbeingmeans,havebecomeends.Studentsareofferedavarietyofoptionsandallowedtopicktheirwaytoad
egree.Inshort,drivenbycareerism,“thenation’scollegesanduniversit
iesaremoresuccessfulinprovidingcredentials(文凭)thaninprovidingaqualityeducationfortheirstudents.”Thereportconcludesthatthespecialchallengeconfrontingtheundergraduatecollegeisoneofshapingan“integratedcore”ofcommonlearning.Suchacorewouldintroducestudents“toessentialknowledge,toconnectionsacrossthedisciplines,andintheend,toapplicationofknowledgetolifebeyondthecampus.”
Althoughthekeytoagoodcollegeisahighqualityfaculty,theCarnegiestudyfoundthatmostcollegesdoverylittletoencouragegoodteaching.Infact,theydomuchtoundermineit.Asoneprofessorobserved:
“Teachingisimportant,wearetold,andyetfacultyknowthatresearchandpublicationmattermost.”Notsurprisingly
30.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethathighqualitycollegeeducation
callsfor____.
A)highqualityfaculties
B)acommitmenttostudentsandeffectiveteaching
C)thecultivationofstudents’interestinlearning
D)dedicationtoresearchinfrontierareasofknowledge
PassageThree
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheU.S.birthratebegantodeclineinthemiddle1950’s,resultinginasmaller
collegeagepopulationstartinginthemiddle1970’s.S4Somethingelsehappenedinthe1970’s:
thepriceofoilincreasedtremendously,drivingupthepriceofalmosteverythingandmakingAmericansawarethattheirlargeautomobilesusedalotofgasoline.Atthesametime,foreigncarmanufacturershadbeg
untoproducesmallfuelefficientcarsinlargequantitiesfortheexportmarket.Suddenly,thelarge,gasguzzlingAmericancarswerenolongerattractivetoAmericanbuyers,whobeganbuyingforeigncarsbythethousands.TheAmericanautomobileindustrywentintoarecession.Thousandsofautomotiveworkerswerelaidoff,aswerethousandsofpeopleinindustriesindirectlyconnectedwiththeautoindustry.Peoplewhoarelaidofftendtokeepwhatmoneytheyhavefornecessities,likefoodandhousing.Theydonothavetheextramoneyneededtosendtheirchildrentocollege.Theirchildrencannotpaytheirowncollegecosts,becauseduringarecessiontheycannotfindjobs.Highunemploymentmeansthatmorestatefundsmustbeusedforsocialservice—unemploymentbenefitsandtoaiddependentchildren,forexample—thanduringmoreprosperoustimes.Italsomeans,thatthestateshavefewerfundsthanusual,becausepeoplearepayingfewertaxes.Institutionsofhighereducationdependontwomajorsourcesofincometokeepthemfunctioning:
tuitionfromstudentsandfundsfromthestates.Atthepresenttime,therearefewerstudentsthaninthepastandfewerstatefundsavailableforhighereducation.Thecollegesanduniversitiesareintrouble.
31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A)Therisingofoilpricedroveupthepriceofeverything.
B)Thereweremanyreasonswhyhighereducationwasintroubleinthe1970’s.
C)BirthratebegantodeclineintheUSAin1950’s.
D)Highunemploymentcausedalotofsocialproblems.
32.Thephrase“laidoff”canbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?
A)Poor.
B)Gotridof.
C)Removed.
D)Unemployed.
33.Americancarswerenotpopularintheirdomesticmarketsbecausetheywere____.
A)small
B)gasconsuming
C)fuelefficient
D)notattractive
34.Thecollegesanduniversitieswereintroublebecauseofthefollowingreasonsexceptthat____.
A)theycouldn’tgetenoughincometokeepthemrunning
B)youngpeoplecouldn’taffordthetuitionfees
C)keepingthemrunningatthesamelevelwouldcostmuchmore
D)socialservicesneedmorestatefundsbecauseoftherecession
35.AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT____.
A)youngpeoplecouldn’taffordtheirowntuitioninthe1970’s
B)it’sdifficultforgraduatesfromcollegestofindajobinthe1970’s
C)fewerparentscouldaffordtosendtheirchildrentocollegebecauseof
therecessionin1970’s
D)Birthratedroppedinthe1970’sbecauseoftherecession
PassageFour
Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
WithinfifteenyearsBritainandothernationsshouldbewellonwiththebuildingofhugeindustrialcomplexesfortherecyclingofwaste.Thewordrubbishcouldloseitsmeaningbecauseeverythingthatgoesintothedumpswouldbemadeintosomethinguseful.Eventhemostdangerousandunpleasantwasteswouldprovideenergyifnothingelse.
Thelatestprojectistotakeacityofaroundhalfamillioninhabitantsanddiscoverexactlywhatrawmaterialsgointoitandwhatgoout.Theaimistofind
outhowmuchoftheserawmaterialscouldbeprovidedifaplantforrecycling
wastewerebuiltjustoutsidethecity.Thisplantwouldrecyclenotonlymetal
suchassteel,leadandcopper,butalsopaperandrubberaswell.
Anothernewprojectisbeingsetuptodiscoverthebestwaysofsortingandseparatingtherubbish.Whenthisprojectiscomplete,therubbishwillbeprocessedlikethis:
first,itwillpassthroughsharpmetalbarswhichwilltearopentheplasticbagsinwhichrubbishisusuallypacked;thenitwillpassthrougha
powerfulfantoseparatethelightestelementsfromtheheavysolids;afterthat
groundersandrollersbreakupeverythingthatcanbebroken.Finallytherubbishwillpassundermagnets,whichwillremovethebitsofironandsteel;therubberandplasticwillthenbesortedoutinthefinalstage.
Thefirstfullscalegiantrecyclingplantsare,perhaps,fifteenyearsaway.Indeed,withthegrowingcostoftransportingrubbishtomoredistantdumps,some
bigcitieswillbeforcedtobuildtheirownrecyclingplantsbeforelong.
36.Themainpurposeofthepassageis____.
A)toshowusafuturewayofrecyclingwastes
B)totelltheimportanceofrecyclingwastes
C)towarnpeoplethedangerofsomewastes
D)tointroduceanewrecyclingplant
37.Howmanystagesarethereintherecyclingprocess?
A)3.
B)4.
C)5.
D)6.
38.Whatisthemainreasonforbigcitiestobuildtheirownrecyclingplants?
A)Todealwithwastesinabetterway.
B)It’sagoodwaytogainprofits.
C)It’smoreeconomicalthantodumpwastesinsomedistantplaces.
D)Energycanbegotatalowerprice.
39.Thefirstfull—scalehugerecyclingplants____.
A)havebeeninexistencefor15years
B)takes15yearstobuild
C)can’tbebuiltuntil15yearslater
D)willremainfunctioningfor15years
40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A)Theword“rubbish”willsoondisappearfromdictionaries.
B)Dangerouswastescanberecycledintonothingbutenergy.
C)Torecyclepaperandrubberwillstillbeimpossibleevenwiththenewrecyclingmethods.
D)Bigcitieswillsoonhavetheirownrecyclingplants.
PartⅢ
VocabularyandStructure(20minutes)
Directions:
Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencetherearefourchoicesmar