英语国家概况课后习题附答案.docx

英语国家概况课后习题附答案.docx

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英语国家概况课后习题附答案

英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）

Chapter1

Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyareture（T）orfalse（F）.

—F—indifferentpartsofBritainliketousethenameEnglandtorefertotheircountry.

—T—SevernRiveristhelongestriverofBritain,whichoriginatesinWalesandflowsthroughwesternEngland.

—F—morethanhalfofthepeopleinWalesstillspeaktheancientWelshlanguage.

—F—termsofpopulationandarea,NorthernIrelandisthesecondlargestpartofBritain.

—F—theclimateinBritainisgenerallymild,thetemperatureinnorthernScotlandoftenfallsbellow10℃inJanuary.

—T—majorityofthepeopleinBritainaredescendantsoftheAngloSaxons.

—T—CelticpeopleweretheearliestknowninhabitantsofBritain.

—F—evolvedintowhatisnowdescribedasModernEnglishfromthelate16thcentury.

Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.

1.ThetwomainislandsoftheBritishIslesare—A—

BritainandIrelandBritainandShcotland

BritainandEnglandBritainandEngland

2.—B—isthecapitalcityofScotland.

3.AmongthefourpartsoftheUnitedKingdom,—D—isthesmallest.

Ireland

4.Englishbelongstothe—C—groupoftheIndoEuropeanfamilyoflanguages.

5.TheintroductionofChristianitytoBritainaddedthefirstelementof—D—wordstoEnglish.

andFinnishandGerman

andItalianandGreek

6.TheevolutionofMiddleEnglishwasreinforcedbythe—A—influence.

7.SamuelJohnson’sdictionarywasinfluentialinestablishingastandardformof—C—.

8.Atpresent,nearly—C—oftheworld’spopulationscommunicateinEnglish.

quarter

thirdfifth

Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.

1.WhydotouristfromallovertheworldlikegotoScotland

2.HowmanyperiodscanthedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagebedividedintoandwhatarethey

3.WhydidEnglishbecomemoreimportantaftertheBlackDeath

Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.

1.WhoaretheBritishpeople

2.WhatisStandardEnglish

Chapter2

Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhethertheyaretrue（T）orfalse（F）.

—T—historybefore55BCisbasicallyundocumented.

—T—AngloSaxoncametoBritaininthe5thcentury.

—F—chieforkingoftheAngloSaxontribesexercisedpowerattheirownwill.

—T—VikingbegantoattacktheEnglishcoastinthe8thcentury.

—T—ⅡbuiltupalargeempirewhichincludedEnglandandmostoffrance.

—F—MaganaCartawasdesignedtoprotecttherightsofboththeprivilegedclassandtownspeople.

—F—HundredYears’WarwasaseriesofwarsfoughtbetweentheBritishandtheVikingsfortradeandterritory.

—T—anefforttomakeacompromisebetweendifferentreligiousfactions,QueenElizabethⅠactuallydefendedthefruittheReformation.

Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.

1.The—D—attackonRomeendedtheRomanoccupationinBritainin410.

A.NormanB.Danish

2.Bythelate7thcentury,—D—becamethedominantreligioninEngland.

A.CelticChristianityB.AngloSaxonsChristianity

ChristianityD.RomanChristianity

3.The—C—markedtheestablishmentoffeudualisminEngland.

invasionsB.signingoftheMagnaCarta

Conquestofcommonlaw

4.TheendoftheWarsoftheRosesledtotheruleof—C—

HouseofValoisB.theHouseofYork

C.theHouseofTudorD.theHouseofLancaster

5.ThedirectcauseofortheReformationwasKingHenryⅧ’seffortto—A—.

hiswifewithRome

theProtestanthissupremepoweroverthechurch

6.TheEnglishCivilWarbrokeoutin1642between—B—

ProtestantandthePuritansRoyalistandtheParliamentarian

noblesandthepeasantsaristocratsandtheChristians

7.—A—waspassedaftertheGloriousRevolution.

BillofRightsActofSupremacy

ProvisionsofOxfordMagnaCarta

8.TheIndustrailRevolutionwasaccomplishedinBritainbythemiddleofthe—C—century.

Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.

wereQueenVictoria’smajorachievements

werethetwocampsintheWorldWarⅠ

didBritaincooperatecloselywiththeUinitedStatesafterWorldWarⅡ

Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.

weretheresultsoftheIndustrailrevolutioninBritain

theriseandfalloftheBritishEmpire.

Chapter3

Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhethertheyaretrue（T）orfalse（F）.

—T—areregardedlessimportantthanthestatutorylawintheworkingoftheEnglandgovernment.

—F—Britishmonarchyhasneverbeeninterruptedthroughoutthehistory.

—F—reality,theBritishKingorQueenisthehouseofallgovernmentpowers.

—F—BritishParliamentisthelawmakingbodyoftheCommonwealthofNations.

—F—membersoftheHouseofCommonsareappointedratherthanelected.

—T—BritishPrimeMinisteristheleaderoftheminoritypartyinParliament.

—F—membersarechosenbythePrimeMinisterfromvariouspoliticalpartiesinParliament.

—T—legalsystemsinEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIrelandaremuchsimilarintermsoflaw,orgalizationsandpractice.

Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.

1.TheBritishgovernmentischaracterizedbyadivisionofpowersbetweenthreeofthefollowingbranchsEXCEPTthe—C—.

2.TheimportanceoftheBritishmonarchycanbeseeninitseffecton—D—.

billsthegowernments

partiesattitude

3.Asarevisingchamber,theHouseofLordsisexpectedto—B—theHouseofCommons.

4.—A—isatthecenteroftheBritishpoliticalsystem.

CabinetHouseofLords

HouseofCommonsPrivyCouncil

5.ThemaindutyoftheBritishPrivyCouncilisto—B—.

decisionsadvice

billstheCabinet

6.Generallyspeaking,theBritishParliamentoperatesona—B—system.

partypartypartyparty

7.ThepoliticesoftheConservativePartyarecharacterizedbypragmatismand—D—.

interventionofenterprises

reformbeliefinindividualiam

8.InBritain,theparliamentarygeneralelectionisheldevery—C—years.

Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.

1.WhatarethethreefunctionsoftheHouseofCommons

2.WhatkindofpublicimagedoestheLiberalDemocratshaveinBritain

3.Whyareindependentcandidatesunlikelytowininthegeneralelections

Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.

1.WhatdoBritishelectoralcampaignsusuallyinvolvesduringtheprocessofageneralelection

2.WhatistheCommonwealthofNations

Chapter4

Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyareture（T）orfalse（F）.

—T—wasthefirstindustrializednationintheworld.

—T—Britisheconomyexperiencedarelativedeclineduringthepostwarperiod.

—F—resourcesandhighunemploymentratewerepersistent.

—F—’srevolutionturnedouttobeagreatsuccessindealingwithalltheBritisheconomicandsocialproblems.

—T—economicapproachadoptedbyTonyBlairwasdifferentfromthatoftheoldLaborPartyandtheConservetiveParty.

—T—madetheBankofEnglandindependentinodertoseparatepoliticsfromeconomicpolicy.

—F—isanimportantoilexportersinceitsoilindustryhasalonghistory.

—T—powerisoneofthemajorenergysourcesinBritain.

Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.

1.The—A—intheearly1970sworsenedanalreadystagnanteconomyinBritain.

crisisinflationrates

importsproblem

2.Ofthefollowingpractices,—C—didnotbelongtoThatcher’ssocialwelfarereform.

childbenefits

theperiodofunemploymentbenefits

unemployment

oldagepension

3.TheBlairgovernmentwassuccessfulinthefollowingaspectEXPECT—D—.

governmentspendinginflationundercontrol

unemploymentinequality

4.Britainhasdevotedabout—C—ofitslandareatoagriculture.

%%

%%

5.Britain’simportantfishingareasincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT—D—.

NorthSea

B.theEnglishChannel

areaaroundtheIrishcoast

seaareabetweenBritainandIreland

6.CoalminingindustryinBritainprovides—B—oftheenergyconsumedinthecountry.

thirdfourth

fifththirds

7.ThecarindustryinBritainismostly—A—.

ownedowned

ownedowned

8.OfthefollowingsectorsinBritain,—C—hasexperiencedspectaculargrowthsincetheendoftheWorldWarⅡ.

energyindustry

servicesectormanufacturingindustry

Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.

wasthenegativeaspectofThatcher’sreformintheearly1980s.

arethecharactoristicsofBritain’sagriculture

happenedtoBritain’sbeefindustryinthemid1990s

Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.

werethemajorcausesofBritain’srelativeeconomicdeclineinthepostwarperiod

dodevelopednationslikeBritianencouragethedevelopmentoftheserviceindustry

Chapter5

Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyareture（T）orfalse（F）.

—F—Britaingovernmenthasbeenresponsibleforeducationsincetheearly1800s.

—F—inBritainiscompulsoryforallchildrenbetweentheagesof6and15.

—F—NationalCurriculumiscompulsoryinboththestatessystemandtheindependentsystem.

—T—childrenfinishtheirschoolingat16,theyarerequiredtotakeanationalGCSEexamination.

—T—fromstateschoolsinBritainhavealessfavorablechancetoenterfamousuniversitiesthanthosefromindependentschools.

—F—TimesistheworldoldestSundaynewspapers.

—F—BBCWorldServicebroadcastonlyinEnglishthroughouttheworld.

—T—8.SomeBritishholidaysarecelebratedtomarkimportanteventsintheChristiancalendar,andsomeothersarerelatedtolocalcustomsandtraditions.

Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.

1.InBritain,thedivisionbetweengrammerschoolsandvocationalschoolswasendedbythe