英语国家概况课后习题附答案.docx
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英语国家概况课后习题附答案
英语国家概况课后习题(附答案)
Chapter1
Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyareture(T)orfalse(F).
—F—indifferentpartsofBritainliketousethenameEnglandtorefertotheircountry.
—T—SevernRiveristhelongestriverofBritain,whichoriginatesinWalesandflowsthroughwesternEngland.
—F—morethanhalfofthepeopleinWalesstillspeaktheancientWelshlanguage.
—F—termsofpopulationandarea,NorthernIrelandisthesecondlargestpartofBritain.
—F—theclimateinBritainisgenerallymild,thetemperatureinnorthernScotlandoftenfallsbellow10℃inJanuary.
—T—majorityofthepeopleinBritainaredescendantsoftheAngloSaxons.
—T—CelticpeopleweretheearliestknowninhabitantsofBritain.
—F—evolvedintowhatisnowdescribedasModernEnglishfromthelate16thcentury.
Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.
1.ThetwomainislandsoftheBritishIslesare—A—
BritainandIrelandBritainandShcotland
BritainandEnglandBritainandEngland
2.—B—isthecapitalcityofScotland.
3.AmongthefourpartsoftheUnitedKingdom,—D—isthesmallest.
Ireland
4.Englishbelongstothe—C—groupoftheIndoEuropeanfamilyoflanguages.
5.TheintroductionofChristianitytoBritainaddedthefirstelementof—D—wordstoEnglish.
andFinnishandGerman
andItalianandGreek
6.TheevolutionofMiddleEnglishwasreinforcedbythe—A—influence.
7.SamuelJohnson’sdictionarywasinfluentialinestablishingastandardformof—C—.
8.Atpresent,nearly—C—oftheworld’spopulationscommunicateinEnglish.
quarter
thirdfifth
Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.
1.WhydotouristfromallovertheworldlikegotoScotland
2.HowmanyperiodscanthedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguagebedividedintoandwhatarethey
3.WhydidEnglishbecomemoreimportantaftertheBlackDeath
Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.
1.WhoaretheBritishpeople
2.WhatisStandardEnglish
Chapter2
Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhethertheyaretrue(T)orfalse(F).
—T—historybefore55BCisbasicallyundocumented.
—T—AngloSaxoncametoBritaininthe5thcentury.
—F—chieforkingoftheAngloSaxontribesexercisedpowerattheirownwill.
—T—VikingbegantoattacktheEnglishcoastinthe8thcentury.
—T—ⅡbuiltupalargeempirewhichincludedEnglandandmostoffrance.
—F—MaganaCartawasdesignedtoprotecttherightsofboththeprivilegedclassandtownspeople.
—F—HundredYears’WarwasaseriesofwarsfoughtbetweentheBritishandtheVikingsfortradeandterritory.
—T—anefforttomakeacompromisebetweendifferentreligiousfactions,QueenElizabethⅠactuallydefendedthefruittheReformation.
Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.
1.The—D—attackonRomeendedtheRomanoccupationinBritainin410.
A.NormanB.Danish
2.Bythelate7thcentury,—D—becamethedominantreligioninEngland.
A.CelticChristianityB.AngloSaxonsChristianity
ChristianityD.RomanChristianity
3.The—C—markedtheestablishmentoffeudualisminEngland.
invasionsB.signingoftheMagnaCarta
Conquestofcommonlaw
4.TheendoftheWarsoftheRosesledtotheruleof—C—
HouseofValoisB.theHouseofYork
C.theHouseofTudorD.theHouseofLancaster
5.ThedirectcauseofortheReformationwasKingHenryⅧ’seffortto—A—.
hiswifewithRome
theProtestanthissupremepoweroverthechurch
6.TheEnglishCivilWarbrokeoutin1642between—B—
ProtestantandthePuritansRoyalistandtheParliamentarian
noblesandthepeasantsaristocratsandtheChristians
7.—A—waspassedaftertheGloriousRevolution.
BillofRightsActofSupremacy
ProvisionsofOxfordMagnaCarta
8.TheIndustrailRevolutionwasaccomplishedinBritainbythemiddleofthe—C—century.
Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.
wereQueenVictoria’smajorachievements
werethetwocampsintheWorldWarⅠ
didBritaincooperatecloselywiththeUinitedStatesafterWorldWarⅡ
Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.
weretheresultsoftheIndustrailrevolutioninBritain
theriseandfalloftheBritishEmpire.
Chapter3
Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhethertheyaretrue(T)orfalse(F).
—T—areregardedlessimportantthanthestatutorylawintheworkingoftheEnglandgovernment.
—F—Britishmonarchyhasneverbeeninterruptedthroughoutthehistory.
—F—reality,theBritishKingorQueenisthehouseofallgovernmentpowers.
—F—BritishParliamentisthelawmakingbodyoftheCommonwealthofNations.
—F—membersoftheHouseofCommonsareappointedratherthanelected.
—T—BritishPrimeMinisteristheleaderoftheminoritypartyinParliament.
—F—membersarechosenbythePrimeMinisterfromvariouspoliticalpartiesinParliament.
—T—legalsystemsinEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIrelandaremuchsimilarintermsoflaw,orgalizationsandpractice.
Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.
1.TheBritishgovernmentischaracterizedbyadivisionofpowersbetweenthreeofthefollowingbranchsEXCEPTthe—C—.
2.TheimportanceoftheBritishmonarchycanbeseeninitseffecton—D—.
billsthegowernments
partiesattitude
3.Asarevisingchamber,theHouseofLordsisexpectedto—B—theHouseofCommons.
4.—A—isatthecenteroftheBritishpoliticalsystem.
CabinetHouseofLords
HouseofCommonsPrivyCouncil
5.ThemaindutyoftheBritishPrivyCouncilisto—B—.
decisionsadvice
billstheCabinet
6.Generallyspeaking,theBritishParliamentoperatesona—B—system.
partypartypartyparty
7.ThepoliticesoftheConservativePartyarecharacterizedbypragmatismand—D—.
interventionofenterprises
reformbeliefinindividualiam
8.InBritain,theparliamentarygeneralelectionisheldevery—C—years.
Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.
1.WhatarethethreefunctionsoftheHouseofCommons
2.WhatkindofpublicimagedoestheLiberalDemocratshaveinBritain
3.Whyareindependentcandidatesunlikelytowininthegeneralelections
Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.
1.WhatdoBritishelectoralcampaignsusuallyinvolvesduringtheprocessofageneralelection
2.WhatistheCommonwealthofNations
Chapter4
Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyareture(T)orfalse(F).
—T—wasthefirstindustrializednationintheworld.
—T—Britisheconomyexperiencedarelativedeclineduringthepostwarperiod.
—F—resourcesandhighunemploymentratewerepersistent.
—F—’srevolutionturnedouttobeagreatsuccessindealingwithalltheBritisheconomicandsocialproblems.
—T—economicapproachadoptedbyTonyBlairwasdifferentfromthatoftheoldLaborPartyandtheConservetiveParty.
—T—madetheBankofEnglandindependentinodertoseparatepoliticsfromeconomicpolicy.
—F—isanimportantoilexportersinceitsoilindustryhasalonghistory.
—T—powerisoneofthemajorenergysourcesinBritain.
Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.
1.The—A—intheearly1970sworsenedanalreadystagnanteconomyinBritain.
crisisinflationrates
importsproblem
2.Ofthefollowingpractices,—C—didnotbelongtoThatcher’ssocialwelfarereform.
childbenefits
theperiodofunemploymentbenefits
unemployment
oldagepension
3.TheBlairgovernmentwassuccessfulinthefollowingaspectEXPECT—D—.
governmentspendinginflationundercontrol
unemploymentinequality
4.Britainhasdevotedabout—C—ofitslandareatoagriculture.
%%
%%
5.Britain’simportantfishingareasincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT—D—.
NorthSea
B.theEnglishChannel
areaaroundtheIrishcoast
seaareabetweenBritainandIreland
6.CoalminingindustryinBritainprovides—B—oftheenergyconsumedinthecountry.
thirdfourth
fifththirds
7.ThecarindustryinBritainismostly—A—.
ownedowned
ownedowned
8.OfthefollowingsectorsinBritain,—C—hasexperiencedspectaculargrowthsincetheendoftheWorldWarⅡ.
energyindustry
servicesectormanufacturingindustry
Ⅲ.Givebriefanswerstothefollowingquestions.
wasthenegativeaspectofThatcher’sreformintheearly1980s.
arethecharactoristicsofBritain’sagriculture
happenedtoBritain’sbeefindustryinthemid1990s
Ⅳ.Stateyourunderstandingofthefollowingquestions.
werethemajorcausesofBritain’srelativeeconomicdeclineinthepostwarperiod
dodevelopednationslikeBritianencouragethedevelopmentoftheserviceindustry
Chapter5
Ⅰ.Readthefollowingstatementanddecidewhethertheyareture(T)orfalse(F).
—F—Britaingovernmenthasbeenresponsibleforeducationsincetheearly1800s.
—F—inBritainiscompulsoryforallchildrenbetweentheagesof6and15.
—F—NationalCurriculumiscompulsoryinboththestatessystemandtheindependentsystem.
—T—childrenfinishtheirschoolingat16,theyarerequiredtotakeanationalGCSEexamination.
—T—fromstateschoolsinBritainhavealessfavorablechancetoenterfamousuniversitiesthanthosefromindependentschools.
—F—TimesistheworldoldestSundaynewspapers.
—F—BBCWorldServicebroadcastonlyinEnglishthroughouttheworld.
—T—8.SomeBritishholidaysarecelebratedtomarkimportanteventsintheChristiancalendar,andsomeothersarerelatedtolocalcustomsandtraditions.
Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingstatements.
1.InBritain,thedivisionbetweengrammerschoolsandvocationalschoolswasendedbythe