北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题.docx
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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2011年05月07日
PartI ReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。
Passage1
QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna(天线).Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsof alinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer. “Whatweshowedisglucose(葡萄糖)metabolism(代谢)(asignofbrainactivity)increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,” saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation. (76)Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals。
Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer. “Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures。
” Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide。
Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason。
(77)Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“ Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,” HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA. “Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects。
” Theywrote。
1. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A. Cellphoneuseisdangerous。
B. Cellphoneusecausescancer。
C. Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield。
D. Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow。
2. DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______。
A. herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone
B. shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain
C. shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity
D. humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation
3. Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______。
A. inthelate1970s B.between1980and1985
B. inthelate1980s D.intheearly1990s
4. Whatdoestheword “that” standforinthesecondparagraph?
A. Brainactivity。
B. Herresearchfindings。
C. Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer。
D. Herresearchprogress。
5. Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
A. CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItHarmful?
B. CellPhoneRadiati0n:
IsItUseful?
C. CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItHealthy?
D. CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItWeak?
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.(78)Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:
We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindof warpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM(及时通讯)conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce。
Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?
Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?
Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions。
(79)Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend。
Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun。
Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaroundvisual(视觉的)ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages。
Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted(任务过量的)schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking。
Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen。
6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Howismultitaskingdefine(定义)intheinformationage?
B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?
C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?
D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?
7.Theexpression “warpspeed” inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____。
A.Lowspeed
B.Toomuchtimealone。
C.highspeed
D.steadyspeed
8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?
A.Overcommittedschedules
B.Toomuchtimealone
C.Inabilitytofocus
D.Fearofbeingneglected
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?
A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage。
B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool。
C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits。
D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-pacesworkenvironment。
10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?
A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection。
B.Toseekmedicaltreatment。
C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife。
D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoals
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil(化石)fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl(切尔诺贝利)beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated。
(80)InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades。
Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower. “TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,” saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar. “Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants。
”
Chancellor(总理)AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers. “Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,” Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting. “WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan。
”
11. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?
A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil。
B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels。
C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear。
D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies。
12. Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______ 。
A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants
B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago
C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplants
D.the