北京师范大学考博英语试题.docx

北京师范大学考博英语试题.docx

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北京师范大学考博英语试题

EnglishEntranceExaminationforNon-EnglishMajorDoctoralCandidates

March20,2004

Ⅰ.？

ListeningComprehension（20points）

SectionA

Directions:

Therearefivestatementsinthissection.Eachstatementwillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearastatement,readthefourchoicesgivenandchoosetheonewhichisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheardbymarkingthecorrespondingletterA,B,CandDontheANSWERSHEET.

1.

A.Tony’sbossleftofficefortwodays.

B.Tonyquithisjobaftertwodays.

C.Tonywasoffworkfortwodays.

D.Tony’sbossagreedtotaketwodaysoff.

2.

A.Theprofessortoldthestudentsthatthedateoftheexamwouldbechanged.

B.Thestudentsexpectedthattheexamwouldnotbedelayed.

C.Theexamwouldnotbecanceledastheprofessorhadoriginallysaid.

D.Theprofessorsaidtheexamwouldnotbepostponed.

3.

A.Iwrotetoyou.

B.Icalledyou.

C.Iletyouinside.

D.Iwenttoseeyou.

4.

A.UnlikeSarah,Franktakeshiscoffeeblack.

B.Franklikescoffee,butSarahdoesn’t.

C.FranktookthecoffeebacktoSarah.

D.SarahandFranktakecreamandsugarintheircoffee.

5.

A.Thereweremorepeoplethanchairs.

B.Thereweremorethanenoughchairs.

C.Thereweretoomanyemptyseats.

D.Therewereneverenoughpeople.

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhearfiveshortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDonyourtestpaper,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.

6．

A.Anarchitect.

B.Acivilengineer.

C.Afurnituredesigner.

D.Acameraman.

7．

A.Hehadabusymorning.

B.Hehadaterriblemorning.

C.Hehadanexcitingmorning.

D.Hehadaterrificmorning.

8．

A.Trainsareoftenovercrowdedwithtourists.

B.Sheisinfavorofclosingdowntherailway.

C.Shealwaystakestrainswhenevershegoesout.

D.Therailwayismoreconvenientthanthehighway.

9.

A.It’sawell-payingjob.

B.Thejobcanbeveryrewarding.

C.Thejobmaynotbeworthtaking.

D.It’sajobshecando.

10.

A.Sheshouldhavebeenmorecarefulabouthermoney.

B.Sheshouldbuythebrownsuit.

C.Sheshouldfindanotherjobtomakemoremoney.

D.Sheshouldn’tbuythebrownsuit.

SectionC

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhearpartofaradioprogrammeinwhichadoctortalksaboutjetlag.LookatthetenstatementsforthispartonyourtestpaperanddecideifyouthinkeachstatementisRight,WrongorNotMentionedwhileyouarelisteningtotheprogramme.ThenmarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

11.Youreallyonlysufferfromjetlagwhenyouflyeast.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

12.Theproblemofjetlagisthatmanypeoplebecomehyperactive.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

13.Onlycertainpeoplesufferfromjetlag.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

14.Jetlagaffectsyoungchildrenless.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

15.Ifyouareflyingwestyoucanreducetheeffectsofjetlagbeforeyougobygoingtobedandgettinguplater.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

16.Ifyouareflyingeastyoucanreducetheeffectsofjetlagbeforeyoutohavingyourmealslater.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

17.Itisbetternottosleepontheplane.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

18.Youshouldbemorecarefulthanusualofwhatandwhenyoucatontheplane.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

19.Ittakesuptosevendaystogetoverjetlag.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

20.Whenyouarriveyoushouldalwaystrytosleep.

A.RightB.WrongC.NotMentioned

Ⅱ.？

ReadingComprehension（25points）

Directions:

Therearefivepassagesinthispart.Eachofthepassagesisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSERSHEET.

1

Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwantwithnoneofthefat.Thatwouldbegreat,wouldn’tit?

New“fakefat”productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStatesrecently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontainacompoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertainfoods,Critics,however,saythatthenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitaminsandnutrientsandcanalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soitisuptoconsumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.

Chemistsdiscoveredolestrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthatcouldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthatcan’tbedigestedatall.

Normally,specialchemicalsintheintestines“grab”moleculesofregularfatandbreakthemdownsotheycanbeusedbythebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculesofsubstancescalledfattyacids.

ThefattyacidsareabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemtheessentialvitaminsA,D,EandK.Whenfatmoleculesarepresentintheintestineswithanyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandarecarriedintothebloodstream.

Olestra,whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoolargefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslidesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingbrokendown.Manufacturerssayit’sthatabilitytoslideunchangedthroughtheintestinesthatmakesolestrasovaluableasafatsubstitute.Itprovidesconsumerswiththetasteofregularfatwithoutanybadeffectsonthebody.ButcriticssayolestracanpreventvitaminsA,D,E,andKfrombeingabsorbed.Itcanalsopreventtheabsorptionofcarotenoids,compoundsthatmayreducetheriskofcancer,heartdisease,etc.

ManufacturersareaddingvitaminsA,D,EandKaswellascarotenoidstotheirproductsnow.Evenso,somenutritionistsarestillconcernedthatpeoplemighteatunlimitedamountsoffoodmadewiththefatsubstitutewithoutworryingabouthowmanycaloriestheyareconsuming.

21.Welearnfromthepassagethatolestraisasubstancethat？

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？

？

？

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？

？

？

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A.containsplentyofnutrients

B.rendersfoodscalorie-freewhileretainingtheirvitamins

C.makesfoodseasilydigestible

D.makesfoodsfat-freewhilekeepingthemdelicious

22.Theresultofthesearchforaneasilydigestiblefatturnedouttobe？

？

？

？

？

？

？

？

？

？

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A.commerciallyuseless

B.justasanticipated

C.somewhatcontroversial

D.quiteunexpected

23.Olestraisdifferentfromordinaryfatsinthat？

？

？

？

？

？

？

？

？

？

？

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A.itpassesthroughtheintestineswithoutbeingabsorbed

B.itfacilitatestheabsorptionofvitaminsbythebody

C.ithelpsreducetheincidenceofheartdisease

D.itpreventsexcessiveintakeofvitamins

24.Whatisapossibleeffectofolestraaccordingtosomecritics?

A.Itmayimpairthedigestivesystem.

B.Itmayaffecttheoverallfatintake.

C.Itmayincreasetheriskofcancer.

D.Itmayspoiltheconsumers’appetite.

25.Whyarenutritionistsconcernedaboutaddingvitaminstoolestra?

A.Itmayleadtotheover-consumptionofvitamins.

B.Peoplemaybeinducedtoeatmorethanisnecessary.

C.Thefunctionoftheintestinesmaybeweakened.

D.Itmaytriggeranewwaveoffakefoodproduction.

2

Althoughrarelyseen,bats,ascomparedtoothermammals,arequitecommon.Batsranksecondonlytorodentsinnumberanddiversityofspecies.Theirnumbersprobablytotalinthetensofbillions.Batsalsovaryconsiderablyinsize-fromthetinyPhilippinebamboobat,withasix-inchwingspanandweighing1/20thofanouncetothe“flyingfox”withawingspanoffourorfivefeetandweightoftwopounds.

Thedietofbatsisvaried.Mosttypeseatinsects,buttheyalsoconsumeblood,pollen,andnectarandfruits.Someeatothervertebrates（animalswithbackbones）suchasfish,lizards,andevenotherbats.Thosethatfeedonflowersveryoftenserverastheprimarypollinatoroftheflowers.Theinsect-consumingforms,quiteobviously,areverybeneficial.

Perhapsthemostunusualcharacteristicofbatsistheirskillednocturnalflyingability.Thisskillissohighlydevelopedthattheyarecapableofavoidingobstaclesevenintotaldarkness.Batspossessahighdegreeoftactilesensethatmayhelptheminavoidingobstacles,buttheirprimaryabilitytodosoisbasedontheirabilitytomakehigh-pitchedsoundsandontheiracutehearingability.

Flyingbatswerelongthoughttobesilentcreatures,butthisisnowknownnottobethecase.Whileinflight,batsarecontinuouslyemittingaseriesofultrasonicorientationpulsesthatareinaudibletothehumanear.Thefrequencyofthecriesofbats,at50,000vibrationspersecond,isestimatedtobetwoandhalftimeshigherthanthehumanearcanhear.

Thisuniqueoperation,ahighlyrefinedtypeofsonarsystem,allowsthebattodetectreboundingpulsesfromobstaclesnearandfarinitsenvironment.Theysystemisunique,additionally,inthatthebatiscapableofsortingthroughnumerousreboundingpulsessoastoavoidobjectsinitsimmediatepath.Rescarchersareattemptingtounderstandthissysteminhopesthatitmayrevealhowthehumanbrainprocessessensoryinformation.

Inthefinalanalysisbatsareinterestingandamazing;andtocontrasttopopularlegends,theyarequiteusefulandhelpfultonatureandman.

26.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Therearemorerodentsintheworldthanbats.

B.Therearemorebatsintheworldthanrodents.

C.Batsareusuallybiggerthanrodents.

D.Rodentsareusuallybiggerthanbats.

27.Accordi